Login
Login

1409

{{About year|1409}}

{{Year nav|1409}}

{{multiple image

| direction = horizontal

| perrow = 3/3

| total_width = 420

| image1 = Nuremberg Chronicles f 235v 3 Alexander V.jpg

| alt1 = picture1

| width1 = 130

| image2 = Joos Van Wassenhove e Pedro Berruguete – San Gregorio – Galleria Nazionale delle Marche.jpg

| alt2 = picture2

| width2 = 145

| image3 = Portrait du Antipape Benoît XIII par Joan Reixach XV.jpg

| alt3 = picture3

| width3 = 130

| footer_align = center

| footer = June 26: Council of Pisa crowns a third Pope, Alexander V, to rival Pope Gregory XIII and Rome's Pope Benedict XIII and Avignon's Pope Benedict XIII

}}

{{C15 year in topic}}Year 1409 (MCDIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.

Events

= January–March =

  • January 1 – The Welsh surrender Harlech Castle to the English.
  • January 18 – The Decree of Kutná Hora strengthens the Bohemian Nation at the cost of foreign, mostly German speaking students at the University of Prague. Over a thousand students leave Prague as a consequence, choosing instead the universities of Heidelberg and the new University of Leipzig established later in the year.
  • February 15 – The Galle Trilingual Inscription, with inscriptions in three languages (Chinese, Tamil and Persian) is installed by the Chinese admiral Zheng He at Galle in Sri Lanka, where he had stopped while on his way home during the second of his treasure voyages.{{cite book |last=Dreyer |first=Edward L. |title=Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433 |year=2007 |publisher=Pearson Longman |location=New York |isbn=978-0321084439 |author-link=Edward L. Dreyer |page=66}}
  • February 24 – Traveling in Valencia in Aragon, Father Joan Gilabert Jofré, known as "Padre Jofré", witnesses a mentally ill man being beaten by two young attackers. After rescuing the victim, Jofré resolves to create the Hospital dels Ignoscents, the world's first psychiatric hospital.[http://www.aciprensa.com/noticia.php?n=15666 "Concluye fase diocesana del proceso de canonización del Padre Jofré" (in Spanish; "Diocesan stage of canonization of Padre Jofre Completed") publ. ACI, February 8, 2007], accessed July 11, 2011
  • March 25 – On the day of the Feast of the Annunciation, the Council of Pisa opens at the Cathedral of Pisa with 22 cardinals, four patriarchs and 80 bishops to seek an end to the Western Schism and resolve the conflict between Pope Gregory XII of the Rome and Antipope Benedict XIII of Avignon.J. D. Mansi, [http://www.documentacatholicaomnia.eu/20vs/200_Mansi/1692-1769,_Mansi_JD,_Sacrorum_Conciliorum_Nova_Amplissima_Collectio_Vol_027,_LT.pdf Tomus XXVII|Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio] (Venice: Antonius Zatta 1784), p.115

= April–June =

  • April 25 – Hussite Wars: King Wenceslaus IV of Bohemia decides to stop fighting the war against the rebel Jan Žižka in Budějovice.František Šmahel, Die Hussitische Revolution I–III, MGH-Schriften. 43/I–III, Hannover (2002) pp.32-33
  • May 10 – The Council of Pisa votes on the matter of whether to remove the warring popes Gregory XII and Benedict XIII. All but two of the clerics present vote for them to be deposed, with the exception of Cardinal Gui de Maillesec and Cardinal Niccolò Brancaccio, who ask for more time to consider.{{cite book|last=Valois|first=Noël|title=La France et le grand schisme d'Occident: Recours au Concile général|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UOJLAAAAMAAJ|volume=Tome IV|year=1902|publisher=A. Picard et fils|location=Paris|language=fr|page=96}}
  • May 13 – The Timurid War of Succession comes to an end as Khalil Sultan surrenders Samarkand to Shah Rukh, ruler of the Timurid Empire since 1405. Shah Rukh installs his son Ulugh Beg as Governor of Transoxiana.{{cite book|last=Abazov|first=Rafis|date=5 February 2008|page=72|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f1wYDAAAQBAJ&pg=PR72|title=Palgrave Concise Historical Atlas of Central Asia|publisher=Springer |isbn= 9780230610903}}{{cite book|first=John E.|last=Woods|authorlink=John E. Woods (historian)|title=The Timurid dynasty|pages=2, 14, 20|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0XcMAQAAMAAJ|year=1990|publisher=Indiana University, Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies}} Shah Rukh then appoints Khalil as Governor of Shahr-e Rey in what is now Iran."The Successors of Timur", by H. R. Roemer, in The Cambridge History of Iran Volume 6: The Timurid and Safavid Periods, ed. by Peter Jackson (Cambridge University Press, 1986) {{ISBN|0-521-20094-6}}
  • May 18 – Pir Muhammad, the son of Timurid Emperor Umar Shaikh, is assassinated near Shiraz by his own soldiers.{{cite book|last=Manz|first=Beatrice Forbes|authorlink=Beatrice Forbes Manz|title=Power, Politics and Religion in Timurid Iran|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BfkpHz9q_RMC&pg=PA156|year=2007|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-139-46284-6|page=156}}
  • May 26 – The second Samogitian Uprising begins in what is now Lithuania, against the Teutonic Knights who had been granted the rights to the Duchy of Samogita by the Peace of Raciążek in 1402.{{citation |first=Stephen |last=Turnbull |author-link=Stephen Turnbull (historian) |title=Tannenberg 1410: Disaster for the Teutonic Knights |year=2003 |location=London |publisher=Osprey Publishing |series=Campaign Series |volume=122 |page=20 |isbn=978-1-84176-561-7 }}
  • June 5 – The Council of Pisa issues the order deposing both Gregory XII and Benedict XIII are responsible for the Western Schism and that both should be deposed.{{cite book|last= Lenfant|first=Jacques |title=Histoire du concile de Pise|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G5ZYAAAAcAAJ&pg=PR21|volume=Tome premier|year=1724|publisher=chez Pierre Humbert|location=Amsterdam|pages=80–82|language=French, Latin}}
  • June 26 – By order of the Council of Pisa, Pietro Filargo, is crowned as Pope Alexander V, producing the anomaly of three different popes of the Roman Catholic church.Carl Joseph Hefele, [https://archive.org/details/histoiredesconci71hefeuoft Tome VII, première partie|Histoire des Conciles] (ed. H. Leclercq). ] (Paris: Letouzey, 1916) pp. 57–58.{{in lang|fr}}
  • June 27 – Bohemia's King Wenceslaus pardons rebel leader Jan Zizka, and orders the city of Budejovice to do so as well.

File:MarghinottibattagliaSanluri.jpg

= July–September =

War breaks out]] between the Teutonic Knights and the allied Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

  • August 7 – The Council of Pisa closes.
  • September 9 – Pope Alexander V issues a papal bull granting a charter to the University of Leipzig.{{Cite web|url=http://www.sechshundert.de/index1_e.php?JavaScript=On|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719084528/http://www.sechshundert.de/index1_e.php?JavaScript=On|url-status=dead|title=Universität Leipzig 600th Anniversary|archive-date=19 July 2011}}

= October–December =

= Date unknown =

Births

Deaths

References

{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1409}}