165 series
{{short description|Japanese express electric multiple unit train type}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{More citations needed|date=January 2010}}
{{Expand Japanese|date=July 2022|topic=transport}}
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{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}}
{{Infobox train
| name = 165 series
| image = Jnr165 shonan-colour(revival)-last run.jpg
| imagesize = 300px
| caption = Final run of 165 series in June 2003
| service = 1963–2003
| manufacturer = Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Kinki Sharyo, Kisha Seizo, Nippon Sharyo, Teikoku Sharyo, Tokyu Car Corporation
| factory =
| family =
| replaced =
| yearconstruction = 1963-1970
| yearservice = 25 March 1963
| refurbishment =
| yearscrapped = 2009
| numberconstruction =
| numberbuilt = 701 cars
| numberservice = None
| numberpreserved = 3 cars
| numberscrapped = 698 cars
| formation = 3, 4, 6 cars per set
| fleetnumbers =
| capacity =
| operator = JNR (1963-1987)
JR East (1987-2003)
JR Central (1987-2003)
JR-West (1987-2003)
| depots =
| lines =
| carbody = Steel
| carlength =
| width =
| height =
| floorheight =
| doors = 2 per side (except buffet car)
| maxspeed = {{convert|110|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}
| weight =
| acceleration =
| deceleration =
| traction = Resistor control
| traction motors = MT54 (120kW)
| poweroutput = 120 kW per motor
| transmission =
| aux =
| powersupply =
| hvac =
| electricsystem = 1,500 V DC
| collectionmethod =
| bogies = DT32, TR69
| brakes =
| coupling =
| multipleworking =
| gauge = {{RailGauge|1067mm|lk=on}}
}}
The {{Nihongo|165 series|165系|165-kei}} was an express electric multiple unit (EMU) train type introduced in 1963 by Japanese National Railways (JNR).
History
During the early 1960s, the Chūō Main Line and Shinetsu Line were electrified, requiring new EMUs for the express services. New powerful trains were required, as the earlier 153 series trains were designed for operation in flat, warm areas.{{citation needed|date=June 2023}}
=Differences between 153 series and 165 series=
- Motor output increased from 100 kW to 120 kW
- Proofing against heavy snow and cold weather
=Individual car types (original)=
- KuMoHa 165: Motorized cab car. 76 seats. 145 cars were built from 1963 to 1970. Coupled to MoHa 164.
- KuHa 165: Cab car. 76 seats. 210 cars were built from 1963 to 1970.
- MoHa 164: Motorized car with pantograph, air compressor and motor-generator. 84 seats. 166 cars were built from 1963 to 1970.
- Moha 165: Motorized car. 84 seats. 21 cars were built from 1963 to 1969. Coupled to MoHa 164.
- SaHa 164: Intermediate trailer car. 56 seats. Only two cars were built in 1966. With kiosk.
- SaHa 165: Intermediate trailer car. 84 seats. 11 cars were built in 1969.
- SaRo 165: Intermediate trailer car. Green car.
- SaHaShi 165: Intermediate trailer car. Buffet and seating. 36 seats. 12 cars were built in 1963. Soba corner instead of 153 series Sushi corner.
Joyful Train conversions
A number of 165 series trains were converted for use as Joyful Train sets including the following.
- Nanohana: First EMU-based Joyful Train, introduced in March 1986 and withdrawn August 1998.
- Panorama Express Alps: 3+3-car set converted in 1986 for use on the Chūō Main Line and the Ōito Line. This train was withdrawn in 2001, and sold to Fuji Kyuko in 2002, becoming the Fujikyu 2000 series Fujisan Express.
- Shuttle Maihama
- Yū Yū Tōkai
File:JRE-EC165-Nanohana.jpg|165 series Nanohana set, circa 1990
File:JNR panoramaexpress alps.jpg|165 series Panorama Express Alps Joyful Train
File:JRE-EC165-Shuttle-Maihama.jpg|165 series Shuttle Maihama set in March 1990
File:JRC-EC-165-700.jpg|The Yū Yū Tōkai joyful train on Yamakita station in 1992
File:Fujikyu 2002.jpg|Fuji Kyuko 2000 series Fujisan Express in August 2009
Resale
Nine withdrawn 165 series cars were sold to the Chichibu Railway in 1992 and converted to become Chichibu Railway 3000 series 3-car sets for use on express services.{{cite journal| script-title=ja: 秩父の電車たち| trans-title = Trains of the Chichibu Railway| journal = Japan Railfan Magazine| volume = 48| issue = 564 |pages=92–99| date = April 2008 }}
File:Chichibu-railway 3000shibazakura.jpg|A Chichibu Railway 3000 series EMU, May 2006
Preserved examples
- KuHa 165-120, stored for a long period at Mino-Ōta Depot in Minokamo, Gifu, before being moved by road to Hamamatsu Depot in February 2013{{cite web |url= http://railf.jp/news/2013/02/14/150000.html|script-title=ja:クハ165-120が浜松へ|trans-title= KuHa 165-120 moved to Hamamatsu|date= 14 February 2013|work= Japan Railfan Magazine Online|publisher= Koyusha Co., Ltd.|location= Japan|language= ja|access-date= 14 February 2013}}
- KuMoHa 165-108, (built 1966 by Tokyu Car) at SCMaglev and Railway Park, Nagoya{{cite journal| title = 「リニア・鉄道館」ファーストガイド|trans-title= "SCMaglev and Railway Park" First Guide| journal = Tetsudō Daiya Jōhō Magazine| volume = 40| issue = 324|pages=20–33| date = April 2011}}
- MoHa 164-72, stored at Mino-Ōta Depot in Minokamo, Gifu{{cite book |title = 国鉄&JR保存車大全 |trans-title= JNR & JR Preserved Rolling Stock Complete Guide| last = Sasada| first = Masahiro| publisher = Ikaros Publications Ltd.| date = September 2012| location = Tokyo, Japan| page = 127| isbn = 978-4863206175}}
- SaRo 165-106, (built 1967 by Teikoku Sharyo) at SCMaglev and Railway Park, Nagoya
File:JRC-Ts165-106.jpg|SaRo 165–106, preserved at Hamamatsu Works, July 2010
See also
References
{{reflist}}
External links
{{Commons category}}
- {{cite web|url=http://www.jreast.co.jp/train/local/165.html |title=JR East 165 series |access-date=2011-10-27 |website=jreast.co.jp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040219173424/http://www.jreast.co.jp/train/local/165.html |archive-date=2004-02-19 |language=ja}}
{{JNR EMU}}
{{JR East EMU}}
{{JR Central EMU}}
{{JR-West rolling stock}}
Category:Electric multiple units of Japan
Category:East Japan Railway Company
Category:Central Japan Railway Company
Category:West Japan Railway Company
Category:Kawasaki multiple units
Category:Kinki Sharyo multiple units
Category:Kisha Seizo multiple units
Category:Nippon Sharyo multiple units
Category:Tokyu Car multiple units
Category:Teikoku Sharyo rolling stock