1680 Per Brahe
{{Short description|Asteroid}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox planet
| minorplanet = yes
| name = 1680 Per Brahe
| background = #D6D6D6
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| discovered = 12 February 1942
| discoverer = L. Oterma
| discovery_site = Turku Obs.
| mpc_name = (1680) Per Brahe
| alt_names = 1942 CH{{·}}1934 PP
1937 AA{{·}}1937 AY
1938 JA{{·}}1943 PC
1949 XL{{·}}1952 OG
{{mp|1953 VD|1}}{{·}}1960 FF
A902 JA
| named_after = {{nowrap|Per Brahe the Younger}}
{{small|(Count and Governor)}}
| mp_category = main-belt{{·}}{{small|(middle)}}
background
| epoch = 27 April 2019 (JD 2458600.5)
| uncertainty = 0
| observation_arc = 117.28 yr (42,838 d)
| aphelion = 3.2227 AU
| perihelion = 2.2278 AU
| semimajor = 2.7252 AU
| eccentricity = 0.1825
| period = 4.50 yr (1,643 d)
| mean_anomaly = 349.62°
| mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.2191|sup=ms}} / day
| inclination = 4.2614°
| asc_node = 83.344°
| arg_peri = 158.68°
| mean_diameter = {{val|13.960|0.125|ul=km}}
{{val|14.20|0.8|u=km}}
{{val|14.848|0.130|u=km}}
{{val|15.45|1.32|u=km}}
{{val|18.29|0.70|u=km}}
| rotation = {{val|3.426|0.002|ul=h}}
{{val|3.428|0.002|u=h}}
| albedo = {{val|0.178|0.015}}
{{val|0.2722|0.0223}}
{{val|0.2903|0.038}}
{{val|0.300|0.044}}
{{val|0.407|0.294}}
| spectral_type = SMASS {{=}} S
| abs_magnitude = 10.65
11.1
11.2
}}
1680 Per Brahe, provisional designation {{mp|1942 CH}}, is a bright background asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately {{convert|14|km|mi|abbr=off|sigfig=1|sp=us}} in diameter. It was discovered on 12 February 1942, by Finnish astronomer Liisi Oterma at Turku Observatory in Southwest Finland. The stony S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 3.4 hours. It is named after Swedish count and governor Per Brahe the Younger.
Orbit and classification
The S-type asteroid is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population. It orbits the Sun in the central main-belt at a distance of 2.2–3.2 AU once every 4 years and 6 months (1,643 days; semi-major axis of 2.73 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.18 and an inclination of 4° with respect to the ecliptic. Per Brahe was first identified as {{mp|A902 JA}} at Heidelberg Observatory in 1902, extending the asteroid's observation arc by 40 years prior to its official discovery observation.
Naming
This minor planet was named for Swedish count Per Brahe (1602–1680), who was Governor General of Finland in the 17th century. His prosperous legacy saw the establishment of Academia Aboensis, the first university in Finland, the construction of various new towns and many schools, and the publication of the first Finnish Bible. The official {{MoMP|1680|naming citation}} was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 April 1980 ({{small|M.P.C. 5280}}).
Physical characteristics
= Lightcurve =
In December 2012, two rotational lightcurves of Per Brahe were obtained by American astronomers Robert Stephens and Brian Warner. They gave a well-defined rotation period of 3.426 and 3.428 hours with a brightness variation of 0.13 and 0.017 magnitude, respectively ({{small|U=3/3}}). Previously, lightcurves obtained by Laurent Bernasconi and René Roy in 2005 and 2006, gave a similar period of 3.444 and 3.44 hours, respectively.({{small|U=2/1+}}).
= Diameter and albedo =
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite, and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Per Brahe measures between 13.96 and 18.29 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an albedo between 0.178 and 0.300. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives a higher albedo of 0.341 and a diameter of 14.36 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 11.0.
References
{{reflist|30em|refs=
|type = 2019-08-20 last obs.
|title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1680 Per Brahe (1942 CH)
|url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001680
|publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory
|accessdate = 5 November 2019}}
|title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1680) Per Brahe
|last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D.
|publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg
|page = 133
|date = 2007
|isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3
|doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1681 |chapter = (1680) per Brahe }}
|title = 1680 Per Brahe (1942 CH)
|work = Minor Planet Center
|url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1680
|accessdate = 5 November 2019}}
|title = MPC/MPO/MPS Archive
|work = Minor Planet Center
|url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html
|accessdate = 23 December 2016}}
|title = Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1680) Per Brahe
|last = Behrend |first = Raoul
|publisher = Geneva Observatory
|url = http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page4cou.html#001680
|accessdate = 23 December 2016}}
|title = Asteroid 1680 Per Brahe – Proper Elements
|publisher = AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site
|url = https://newton.spacedys.com/astdys/index.php?pc=1.1.6&n=1680
|access-date= 5 November 2019}}
|title = LCDB Data for (1680) Per Brahe
|publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)
|url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=1680%7CPer%20Brahe
|accessdate = 23 December 2016}}
|first1 = E. F. |last1 = Tedesco
|first2 = P. V. |last2 = Noah
|first3 = M. |last3 = Noah
|first4 = S. D. |last4 = Price
|date = October 2004
|title = IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0
|journal = NASA Planetary Data System
|volume = 12
|pages = IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0
|bibcode = 2004PDSS...12.....T}}
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = Fumihiko |last1 = Usui
|first2 = Daisuke |last2 = Kuroda
|first3 = Thomas G. |last3 = Müller
|first4 = Sunao |last4 = Hasegawa
|first5 = Masateru |last5 = Ishiguro
|first6 = Takafumi |last6 = Ootsubo
|first7 = Daisuke |last7 = Ishihara
|first8 = Hirokazu |last8 = Kataza
|first9 = Satoshi |last9 = Takita
|first10 = Shinki |last10 = Oyabu
|first11 = Munetaka |last11 = Ueno
|first12 = Hideo |last12 = Matsuhara
|first13 = Takashi |last13 = Onaka
|date = October 2011
|title = Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey
|journal = Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
|volume = 63
|issue = 5
|pages = 1117–1138
|bibcode = 2011PASJ...63.1117U
|doi = 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117
|doi-access= free
}} ([http://vizier.cfa.harvard.edu/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-source=J/PASJ/63/1117/acua_v1&Num=1680 online], [https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/43545172.pdf AcuA catalog p. 153])
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = A. |last1 = Mainzer
|first2 = T. |last2 = Grav
|first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero
|first4 = E. |last4 = Hand
|first5 = J. |last5 = Bauer
|first6 = D. |last6 = Tholen
|first7 = R. S. |last7 = McMillan
|first8 = T. |last8 = Spahr
|first9 = R. M. |last9 = Cutri
|first10 = E. |last10 = Wright
|first11 = J. |last11 = Watkins
|first12 = W. |last12 = Mo
|first13 = C. |last13 = Maleszewski
|date = November 2011
|title = NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results
|journal = The Astrophysical Journal
|volume = 741
|issue = 2
|page = 25
|bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...90M
|doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90
|arxiv = 1109.6407}}
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero
|first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer
|first3 = T. |last3 = Grav
|first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer
|first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri
|first6 = C. |last6 = Nugent
|first7 = M. S. |last7 = Cabrera
|date = November 2012
|title = Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids
|journal = The Astrophysical Journal Letters
|volume = 759
|issue = 1
|page = 5
|bibcode = 2012ApJ...759L...8M
|doi = 10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8
|arxiv = 1209.5794}}
|first1 = Robert D. |last1 = Stephens
|first2 = Brian D. |last2 = Warner
|date = April 2013
|title = Lightcurves for 110 Lydia and 1680 Per Brahe
|journal = The Minor Planet Bulletin
|volume = 40
|issue = 2
|pages = 93–94
|issn = 1052-8091
|bibcode = 2013MPBu...40...93S}}
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero
|first2 = T. |last2 = Grav
|first3 = A. K. |last3 = Mainzer
|first4 = C. R. |last4 = Nugent
|first5 = J. M. |last5 = Bauer
|first6 = R. |last6 = Stevenson
|first7 = S. |last7 = Sonnett
|date = August 2014
|title = Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos
|journal = The Astrophysical Journal
|volume = 791
|issue = 2
|page = 11
|bibcode = 2014ApJ...791..121M
|doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121
|arxiv = 1406.6645}}
}}
External links
- [http://www.minorplanetobserver.com/pdolc/A1680_2012.HTM Lightcurve plot of 1680 Per Brahe], Palmer Divide Observatory, B. D. Warner (2012)
- [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html |date=16 December 2017 }})
- [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
- [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
- [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center
- {{AstDys|1680}}
- {{JPL small body}}
{{Minor planets navigator |1679 Nevanlinna |number=1680 |1681 Steinmetz}}
{{Small Solar System bodies}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Per Brahe}}