1768 in literature

• March – John Wilkes, returning from exile in France, is elected to the Parliament of Great Britain.
• May 10 – John Wilkes is imprisoned for attacking King George III of Great Britain in print.
• July 28 – Thomas Gray succeeds Lawrence Brockett as Regis Professor of History at the University of Cambridge.[http://www.thomasgray.org.uk/materials/table.shtml The Thomas Gray Archive: Chronology]
• December 12 – Walter Butler, 16th Earl of Ormonde, father of Lady Eleanor Butler, inherits Kilkenny Castle in Ireland. This brings about the first meeting of the Ladies of Llangollen.{{cite book|title=A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the British Empire|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KCZBAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA374|year=1869|publisher=Henry Colburn|pages=374}}
• unknown dates
• John Murray (publisher) is established in London.
• The Theatre Royal, Bath (Old Orchard Street Theatre) and Theatre Royal, Norwich assume these titles on being granted Royal Patents, making them officially England's only legal provincial theaters.{{Cite web |url=http://www.theatreroyal.org.uk/history/ |title=History |publisher=Theatre Royal |location=Bath |accessdate=2011-02-13}}{{Cite web |title=Theatre Royal – Tate Wilkinson as Manager |url=http://www.yorkguides.co.uk/theatre-royal-history/tatewilkinsonasmanager.html |work=York Guides |accessdate=2011-02-25 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120226000718/https://www.yorkguides.co.uk/theatre-royal-history/tatewilkinsonasmanager.html |archivedate=2012-02-26}}
• The Leeds Library is founded, becoming the oldest surviving subscription library of its type in Britain.{{Cite journal |title=The Community Library: A Chapter in English Social History |first=Paul |last=Kaufman |journal=Transactions of the American Philosophical Society |volume=57 |year=1967 |issue=7 |pages=1–67 |doi=10.2307/1006043 |jstor=1006043}}

• John Cleland – The Woman of Honour (attributed)
• Alexander Dow (translated) – Tales Translated from the Persian of Inatulla of Delhi
• Voltaire – La Princesse de Babylone
• José Francisco de Isla – Historia del famoso predicador fray Gerundio de Campazas, alias Zotes (second part)
• Anonymous – Fumoto no iro ({{langx|ja|麓の色|Sex in the Foothills}})

• Christopher Smart – Parables of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ (verse)

• Isaac Bickerstaffe
• Lionel and Clarissa
• The Hypocrite
• The Padlock
• Alexander Dow – Zingis
• Samuel Foote – The Devil on Two Sticks
• Oliver Goldsmith – The Good-Natur'd Man
• John Hoole – Cyrus
• Hugh Kelly – False Delicacy
• Arthur Murphy – Zenobia
• Michel-Jean Sedaine – La gageure imprévue
• Heinrich Wilhelm von Gerstenberg – Ugolino
• Horace Walpole – The Mysterious Mother (published)
• William Shakespeare, ed. Edward Capell – Mr. William Shakespeare His Comedies, Histories and Tragedies

{{main article|1768 in poetry}}

• Isaac Hawking Browne – Poems
• Thomas Gray – Poems
• Richard Jago – Labour and Genius
• Edward Jerningham – Amabella
• Mary Wortley Montagu – Poetical Works
• Henry James Pye – Elegies
• Alexander Ross – The Fortunate Shepherdess
• Christopher Smart – The Parables of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ
• William Wilkie – Fables

• Abraham Booth – The Reign of Grace
• James Boswell – An Account of Corsica
• William Gilpin – An Essay upon Prints, containing remarks upon the principles of picturesque beauty
• Oliver Goldsmith – The Present State of the British Empire in Europe, America, Africa, and Asia
• Richard Gough – Anecdotes of British Topography
• Joseph Priestley – An Essay on the First Principles of Government
• Tobias Smollett – The Present State of all Nations
• Laurence Sterne – A Sentimental Journey through France and Italy
• Gilbert Stuart – An Historical Dissertation Concerning the Antiquity of the English Constitution
• Emanuel Swedenborg – Deliciae Sapientiae de Amore Conjugiali
• Abraham Tucker (as Edward Search) – The Light of Nature Pursued
• Horace Walpole – Historic Doubts on the Life and Reign of King Richard III
• Arthur Young – A Six Weeks' Tour Through the Southern Counties of England and Wales

• March 22 – Melesina Trench, Irish-born writer and socialite (died 1827)
• September 4 – François-René de Chateaubriand, French writer and diplomat (died 1848
• November 18 – Zacharias Werner, German religious poet (died 1823)
• November 21 – Friedrich Schleiermacher, German theologian (died 1834)

• March 1 – Hermann Samuel Reimarus, German philosopher (born 1694)
• March 18 – Laurence Sterne, Irish-born novelist and cleric (born 1713)
• April 9 – Sarah Fielding, English novelist and children's author (born 1710)
• May 30 – Eggert Ólafsson, Icelandic writer and linguist (drowned, born 1726)
• July 4 – Willem van Haren, Dutch poet (born 1710)
• August 20 – Joseph Spence, English memoirist and professor of poetry (born 1699)
• November 25 – Alexander Russell, Scottish physician and naturalist (born c. 1715)
• December 20 – Carlo Innocenzio Maria Frugoni, Italian poet (born 1692)

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