1784 in Canada

• Monarch – George III{{cite web |title=Kings and Queens of Canada |url=https://www.canada.ca/en/canadian-heritage/services/royal-family/kings-queens.html#e2 |website=aem |access-date=24 February 2021 |date=11 August 2017}}

• Governor of the Province of Quebec – Frederick Haldimand
• Governor of Nova Scotia – John Parr
• Commodore-Governor of Newfoundland – John Byron
• Governor of St. John's Island – Walter Patterson

• August 16 – In response to Loyalist demands, the Crown creates New Brunswick out of Nova Scotia. New Brunswick was then divided into eight counties.
• North West Company built up Grand portage as a general summer rendezvous for all companies and free traders, drawing furs from as far as Oregon and the Arctic Circle.
• David Thompson began his apprenticeship on Hudson Bay.
• James Cook's journal of his last voyage published in London.
• Ward Chipman the Elder, a Massachusetts lawyer, settled in New Brunswick, where he served as solicitor general until 1808.{{Cite web|url=http://globalgenealogy.com/links/canada-nb.htm|title=SEARCHABLE ONLINE DATA – New Brunswick, Canada / Canadian Genealogy & History Information|website=globalgenealogy.com|access-date=2017-07-01}}
• Butler's Rangers were disbanded in June 1784, and its veterans were given land grants in the Nassau District, now the Niagara region of Ontario, as a reward for their services to the British Crown.

• June 21 – Sir George Arthur, 1st Baronet, army officer and colonial administrator (d.1854)
• October 19 – John McLoughlin, physician, fur trader, and merchant (d.1857)

• January 28 – Henry Allen, evangelist, hymnist, and theologian (b.1748)
• December 13 – Dr. Samuel Johnson dies in London. (b.1709)

• Laurence Coughlan, Methodist preacher, Church of England clergyman, and local official

Ordinance "for securing the Liberty of the Subject" guarantees habeas corpus rights (with certain limitations) to persons charged with crimes"[...]An Ordinance," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266919 Nomb. 977] (May 13, 1784), pgs. 1-3. Accessed 8 February 2023

U.S. exporters to be assessed same duties, drawbacks and bounties on goods shipped to Britain as are on British American exports"At the Court at St. James's[....]" (April 16, 1784), The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266926 Nomb. 982] (June 17, 1784), pg. 2. Accessed 8 February 2023

Canada is "most prominent [in Empire as] a wide world of Wildernesses" poorly defended, bringing in little revenue and costing perhaps £600,000/yr.John Earl of Stair, "Address to, and Expostulation with, the Public" (1784), [https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.20670/37 pgs. 30-2] Accessed 3 February 2023

Canada and Nova Scotia will not reach their potential for export to West Indies while they lack population, capital and output of U.S.A.Richard Champion, Considerations on the Present Situation of Great Britain and the United States of America[....], [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=aeu.ark:/13960/t4dn4vq2d&view=1up&seq=147 pgs. 107-15] (frames 147-55). Accessed 20 February 2023

If it draws "an energy from the war" and encouragement of wheat "manufacturing," Canada will supply Newfoundland and West Indies with flourGeorge Chalmers, Opinions on Interesting Subjects of Public Law and Commercial Policy (1784), [https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.20663/87 pgs. 78-9] (PDF pgs. 87-8; see also [https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.20663/101 similar argument] for lumber production, and [https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.37844/47 counter argument] that Canada can't meet demand; also see [https://archive.org/details/winslowpapersad100raymuoft/page/193/mode/1up reasons] Nova Scotia and Canada can supply West Indies with all they want) Accessed 3 February 2023

Large grist mill available at Pointe-Lévy, with 2 water wheels, 4 pairs of stones, 1,000-bushel bins, plus 16,000-bushel granary being built"To Be Let" (March 1, 1784), The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266905 Nomb. 967] (March 4, 1784), pg. 3. Accessed 7 February 2023

Henry Rimphoff successfully sends timber raft up St. Lawrence River from St. Paul's Bay to Quebec City, "chiefly to encourage industry""At the Wharf of Mr. Charles Grant Lower-town[....]," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266927 Nomb. 983] (June 24, 1784), pg. 4. Accessed 8 February 2023

Montreal merchant appeals to Continental Congress for compensation of expenditures on U.S. forces and losses from confiscations by Canada"On the report of a committee[...]to whom was referred a memorial of Mr. Francis Cazeau" (March 1784), [https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/service/ll/llscd/lljc026/lljc026.pdf Journals of the Continental Congress; Volume XXVI, 1784] pgs. 147-50 (PDF pgs. 153-6), Library of Congress. (See also similar report in this volume (pgs. 260-1) concerning Pierre du Calvet) Accessed 20 February 2023

Discharged from Butler's Rangers, Charles Anger entitled to "the portion of Land [in Quebec] allotted to each [Provincial Corps] private soldier""Anger, Charles; Discharge papers[....]" (June 24, 1784), [https://sites.google.com/site/niagarasettlers/upper-canada-land-petitions/petitions-a Land Petitions of the Niagara Settlers "A"] (See also request of [https://sites.google.com/site/niagarasettlers/upper-canada-land-petitions/petitions-b/petitions-boughner-to-bowman Adam Bowman] for medical treatment of war wound) Accessed 14 February 2023

Loyalists and disbanded troops wishing concessions of land are to muster for settlement from Pointe au Baudet to Cataraqui and at Chaleur Bay"Advertisements; Quebec, 25th February, 1784," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266905 Nomb. 967] (March 4, 1784), pg. 2. (See also [https://www.notlmuseum.ca/research/download/81/3/44 details] (PDF pgs. 18-19) of this process) Accessed 7 February 2023

Painting: Loyalists arrived at Johnstown (today's Cornwall, Ont.) on St. Lawrence RiverJames Peachey, [https://recherche-collection-search.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/home/record?app=fonandcol&IdNumber=2833909 "Encampment of the Loyalists at Johnston (sic), a New Settlement, on the Banks of the River St Laurence in Canada"] (June 6, 1784) Accessed 20 February 2023

Provincial corps officers who have returned to U.S.A. have had to give up their half-pay, but British government may revoke that rule"Aug. 14. The terms[....]," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266957 Nomb. 1009] (December 23, 1784), pg. 2. Accessed 9 February 2023

Henry Caldwell offers Loyalists about 180,000 acres mostly near Lake Champlain and on Chaudière River near Quebec "on the most reasonable terms""Advertisements; Whereas[....]" (December 24, 1783), The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266895 Nomb. 958] (January 1, 1784), pg. 2. Accessed 7 February 2023

For sale, "a Stout, healthy, young Panis Girl, about 22 years of age,[...]speaks French and English, and is perfectly honest and sober""To Be Sold[....]," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266932 Nomb. 986] (July 15, 1784), pg. 2. Accessed 8 February 2023

For sale, "a Likely healthy Negro Wench," 15 or 16, brought up in New York, has had smallpox and "understands all sorts of house work""To Be Sold by Private Sale[....]" (May 10, 1784), The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266918 Nomb. 977] (May 13, 1784), pg. 2. Accessed 7 February 2023

Black woman's remaining 7-8 years of indenture is for sale; seller assures any purchaser of her "honesty, sobriety and good temper""To Be Sold[....]," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266948 Nomb. 1000] (October 21, 1784), pg. 3. Accessed 9 February 2023

Offer of $14 for escaped "Negro-Man named Ishmael," about 36, missing some front teeth and knuckle of one finger, and passes as "a Free Negro""Fourteen Dollars Reward" (Montreal, March 1, 1784), The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266906 Nomb. 968] (March 11, 1784), pg. 3. Accessed 7 February 2023

"A Negro man named Tight" ran away August 12 and was seen crossing St. Lawrence with Snow (another enslaved Black man) about 1st of September"Ran Away" (September 7, 1784), The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266941 Nomb. 992] (September 9, 1784), pg. 2. Accessed 7 February 2023

$30 reward for capture of Kamouraska indented apprentice Thomas Costin ("18[,] looks sulky[,] very slovenly and dirty in his dress")"Ran Away from his Master[....]," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266949 Nomb. 1001] (October 28, 1784), pg. 3. Accessed 9 February 2023

Charles Nishonoit "of the Penobscot tribe was executed on the road side a little out of St. John's Suburbs" for murder of two travellers"Quebec, November 11," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266951 Nomb. 1003] (November 11, 1784), pg. 3. (See also [https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=YFjsv_pBGBYC&dat=17850118&printsec=frontpage further details](Page 2 of 2, right column on lefthand page) of Nishonoit's death, and [https://archive.org/details/winslowpapersad100raymuoft/page/310/mode/1up reason] (in footnote) for this unusual execution) Accessed 9 February 2023

Fundraising for treatment of Quebec City's "Sick Poor [who have been] recommended by the Clergy, Magistrates, or other respectable persons""The Public is informed[....]," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266906 Nomb. 968] (March 11, 1784), pg. 2. (See also (pg. 3) Quebec Theatre benefit for Hôtel Dieu infirmary) Accessed 7 February 2023

Practitioner to lecture on theory and practice of midwifery, as it will employ "elderly women" and is needed in Quebec's "infant settlements""Mr. Gill, late Army Surgeon[....]," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266955 Nomb. 1007] (December 9, 1784), pg. 3. Accessed 9 February 2023

Trois-Rivière servant with candle causes loss of entire house by fire (except money, plate and papers saved); 53rd Regiment thanked for saving town"Three-Rivers, February 13," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266903 Nomb. 965] (February 19, 1784), pg. 2. (See also [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266905 further details] (pg. 2), particularly "a Negroe man belonging to Mr. Malcolm Fraser") Accessed 7 February 2023

Shoe and boot maker from Edinburgh says "as he is a young beginner," he trusts he will be accepted by public, "particularly his country-men""Robert Urquhart[....]," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266934 Nomb. 988] (July 29, 1784), pg. 3. Accessed 8 February 2023

Attorney's household effects on auction, including chairs and sofa with curtains and slipcovers "to correspond;" various glassware; cabinetry"For Sale by Auction[....]," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266948 Nomb. 1000] (October 21, 1784), pg. 3 (right column). Accessed 9 February 2023

"Gentlemen of the Army" and Montreal merchants put on "most elegant and splendid Ball," with dancing 7pm-7am paused for supper at 1am"Montreal, 22d. January, 1784," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266901 Nomb. 963] (February 5, 1784), pg. 2. Accessed 7 February 2023

Pianofortes for sale by Mr. Glackemeyer, who also teaches that instrument and guitar, violin, flute and "Singing French and English""For Sale, Five elegant Piano Fortes[....]," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266927 Nomb. 983] (June 24, 1784), pg. 3. Accessed 8 February 2023

Poem: "Whence this unusual languor o'er my mind?/This chilling stupor that pervades each sense?/Pensive I sit, each active power confin'd[....]""Poets Corner; An Ode on Sickness, By a Young Lady," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266951 Nomb. 1003] (November 11, 1784), pg. 4. Accessed 9 February 2023

Frederick Haldimand agrees with Joseph Brant that "so fine a Country" as can be purchased on Grand River "is much to be desired""From General Haldimand to Sir John Johnson" (March 15, 1784), in [https://www.notlmuseum.ca/research/download/81/3/44 Records of Niagara(...)1784-1787] unpaginated (PDF pg. 7; see also (pgs. 11-12) Haldimand staffer's enlargement on subject). Accessed 9 February 2023

"The Indians will be greatly surprised[...]when they find that we want to purchase the whole Country" between three lower Great Lakes"Extract of a Letter from Colonel John Butler to Major Robert Matthews" (May 8, 1784), in [https://www.notlmuseum.ca/research/download/81/3/44 Records of Niagara(...)1784-1787] unpaginated (PDF pg. 13). Accessed 10 February 2023

"We have found a place for to setle" - John Deserontyon says Indigenous people have taken spot on Bay of Quinte and need livestock and seeds[https://heritage.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.lac_reel_c1478/967 Letter of John Deserontyon to Daniel Claus] (June 8, 1784), Library and Archives Canada. (See also [https://heritage.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.lac_reel_c1478/984 Deserontyon's note] requesting land charter to show settlers) Accessed 15 February 2023

Haldimand's instructions for disbanding and settling British forces at Niagara, depending on War Office orders and any evacuation of forts"From General Haldimand to Lieut.-Colonel A.S. De Peyster" (March 29, 1784), in [https://www.notlmuseum.ca/research/download/81/3/44 Records of Niagara(...)1784-1787] unpaginated (PDF pgs. 9-11; see also (pg. 12) Lord Sydney's views on evacuation). Accessed 9 February 2023

Evacuating U.S. posts should be delayed while Loyalists are "insulted in the Grossest manner" trying to recover their lost property in U.S.A."From General Haldimand to Lord North; No. 33" (May 12, 1784), in [https://www.notlmuseum.ca/research/download/81/3/44 Records of Niagara(...)1784-1787] unpaginated (PDF pgs. 16-17; see also (pg. 25) Haldimand's view that government confirmation of non-evacuation policy will benefit Indigenous people). Accessed 10 February 2023

Mississauga chief Pokquan tells John Johnson they are ready to transfer their interlake lands, and welcomes Brant and Six Nations "brethren""Indian Council at Niagara" (May 22, 1784), in [https://www.notlmuseum.ca/research/download/81/3/44 Records of Niagara(...)1784-1787] unpaginated (PDF pgs. 19-20; see also (pg. 35) official notice of land transfer to Six Nations and (pg. 33) British policy to accommodate Indigenous peoples). Accessed 10 February 2023

"Affectionate people" - After 7-year absence, minister to Kanien’kéhà:ka preaches to, baptizes and marries them at their New York camp"From Reverend John Stuart to the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel" (July 17, 1784), in [https://www.notlmuseum.ca/research/download/81/3/44 Records of Niagara(...)1784-1787] unpaginated (PDF pgs. 32-3). Accessed 10 February 2023

John Dease takes over Indian Department at Niagara without supplies Indigenous people want ("Tea, Sugar, Barley Rice &c.") or good storage"From John Dease to Sir John Johnson" (August 21, 1784), in [https://www.notlmuseum.ca/research/download/81/3/45 Records of Niagara(...)1784-1789] unpaginated (PDF pgs. 3-4). Accessed 9 February 2023

Dease approves of Joseph Brant going to Fort Stanwix to sound out Americans, advising "that in proper time & place, the Hatchett wou'd be Buried""From John Dease to Sir John Johnson" (September 5, 1784), in [https://www.notlmuseum.ca/research/download/81/3/45 Records of Niagara(...)1784-1789] unpaginated (PDF pgs. 5-6; see also (pgs. 6-7) Dease's idea that other priorities (including troops to take possession of Upper Posts) will delay U.S. attention to "an Indian Treaty"). Accessed 9 February 2023

U.S. signs peace treaty with Kanien’kéhà:ka, Onondaga, Cayuga and Seneca that draws Six Nations' western boundary just east of Niagara River"Treaty with the Six Nations at Fort Stanwix" (October 22, 1784), in [https://www.notlmuseum.ca/research/download/81/3/45 Records of Niagara(...)1784-1789] unpaginated (PDF pgs. 9-10; see also (pgs. 8-9) report from Stanwix that U.S. commissioners dictated treaty terms and [https://data2.archives.ca/rcap/pdf/rcap-639.pdf U.S. speech] (pgs. 221-4) containing terms, and [https://heritage.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.lac_reel_c1478/980 translated notes] of "Iroquois chief" who was there). Accessed 9 February 2023

Map: Indigenous land ceded to U.S.A. in New York; detail showing 1784 Six Nations allotment[https://www.loc.gov/resource/g3701em.gct00002/?sp=47&r=0.037,0.236,0.653,0.288,0 New York detail] Indian Land Cessions in the United States (1899), Library of Congress. Accessed 20 February 2023

George Pownall says difficulty may arise for settlers from conflicts with Indigenous people and distance from markets (Note: "savages" used)"Extract of a Letter from George Pownall Esqr. Secretary to the Province of Quebec" (November 11, 1784), in [https://www.notlmuseum.ca/research/download/81/3/44 Records of Niagara(...)1784-1787] unpaginated (PDF pgs. 37-8). Accessed 10 February 2023

Joseph Brant is travelling "to the New Settlement at the Grand River" with army engineer and promise of sawmill, grist mill, church and school"Extract from a Letter from General Haldimand to Lieut.-Colonel De Peyster" (November 1784), in [https://www.notlmuseum.ca/research/download/81/3/44 Records of Niagara(...)1784-1787] unpaginated (PDF pg. 38). Accessed 10 February 2023

"To weaken it as a British province" - James Monroe says Canada will suffer due to resources, geography and, mostly, aggressive U.S. trade[https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/01-07-02-0353 "To Thomas Jefferson from James Monroe"] (November 1, 1784), U.S. National Archives. Accessed 15 February 2023

House of Assembly, after consulting "principal Merchants and Men of Business" about trade, has passed bills to change system of government revenue"Thursday, 2nd December, 1784; To his Excellency John Parr[....]," [https://0-nsleg--edeposit-gov-ns-ca.legcat.gov.ns.ca/deposit/HofAJournals/1784.pdf Journal and Votes of the House of Assembly For the Province of Nova-Scotia] pgs. 89-90. (See also (on pg. 90) disagreement Assembly has with Nova Scotia Council amending money bills) Accessed 7 February 2023

Assembly asks governor to begin prosecution over all irregular public accounts, otherwise "Abuses of public Trust[...]cannot be put a Stop to""Monday 29th November, 1784; To his Excellency John Parr[....]," [https://0-nsleg--edeposit-gov-ns-ca.legcat.gov.ns.ca/deposit/HofAJournals/1784.pdf Journal and Votes of the House of Assembly For the Province of Nova-Scotia] pg. 85. (See, for example, accounts listed on pgs. 86-7) Accessed 7 February 2023

Assembly agrees to let freeholders observe its proceedings, members take notes on debates, and members' names and votes be recorded"Wednesday 3rd November, 1784," [https://0-nsleg--edeposit-gov-ns-ca.legcat.gov.ns.ca/deposit/HofAJournals/1784.pdf Journal and Votes of the House of Assembly For the Province of Nova-Scotia] pgs. 61-2. Accessed 7 February 2023

Louisbourg will have "proper persons to work the coal mines, which have long been[...]objects of the first consideration [and] of immense value""Aug. 18. A Governor[....]," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266958 Nomb. 1010] (December 30, 1784), pg. 1. Accessed 9 February 2023

Petition to Assembly from Halifax orphanage keeper asking payment for maintaining "Moor Children" since House of Commons stopped support[https://archives.novascotia.ca/assembly/archives/?ID=57 "Memorial of Samuel Albro, Keeper of the Orphan House, to the Assembly(....)] (November 5, 1784), Nova Scotia Archives. (See also [https://0-nsleg--edeposit-gov-ns-ca.legcat.gov.ns.ca/deposit/HofAJournals/1784.pdf Assembly resolution] (pg. 70) that when orphanage house and premises "are granted for the public Use," keeper will be paid) Accessed 6 February 2023

"Encreasing population, building and improvements[...]really amazing" - 9,000 in Shelburne, more in Carleton and Parrsboro, and "numerous towns begun""Quebec, March 4; Extract of a letter from Halifax dated 16 January, 1784," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266905 Nomb. 967] (March 4, 1784), pg. 2. (See also [https://archive.org/details/winslowpapersad100raymuoft/page/255/mode/1up Edward Winslow's observation] that energy of newcomers has excited "languid" earlier settlers) Accessed 7 February 2023

Benjamin Marston details Shelburne's development in housing and fisheries, and Nova Scotia's natural resources and Indigenous people[https://blackloyalist.com/cdc/documents/letters/settlement_description.htm "Marston Describes Shelburne"] (after June 1784), Black Loyalists: Our History, Our People. Accessed 16 February 2023

Gov. Parr makes grant of 98 warehouse lots on waterfront at Shelburne to scores of men for annual quitrent of 1 farthing per lot[https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.42650/5 "To all to whom these Presents shall come(....)"] (May 13, 1784). (See also [https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.42651/3 grant] of 50- and 200-acre lots rent-free for 10 years, and [https://preserve.lib.unb.ca/wayback/20141205161002/http://atlanticportal.hil.unb.ca/acva/loyalistwomen/en/documents/browse/view.php?id=37_05&mode=dpl grant] on Saint John River of 200 acres each to Sarah and Penelope Winslow) Accessed 3 February 2023

Edward Winslow dismayed by distressed Nova Scotians, "vagrants from the streets of London" and "Blackies" begging him for provisions[https://archive.org/details/winslowpapersad100raymuoft/page/237/mode/1up Edward Winslow to his wife] (September 25, 1784), Winslow Papers; A.D. 1776-1826, pg. 233. Accessed 17 February 2023

Black Pioneers' petition for land asks they be granted "Articles Allowed by Government[...]the same as [for] the Rest of the Disbanded Soldiers"[https://archives.novascotia.ca/african-heritage/archives/?ID=19 "Petition on behalf of the Black Pioneers"] (August ?21, 1784), Nova Scotia Archives. Accessed 13 February 2023

More than 600 names listed as head of family in Muster Book of Free Blacks at Birchtown settlement[https://blackloyalist.com/cdc/documents/official/muster_book_free_blacks.htm Muster Book of Free Blacks] (1784), Black Loyalists: Our History, Our People. (See also [https://blackloyalist.com/cdc/documents/official/annapolis_muster.htm Annapolis Muster List 1784]) Accessed 17 February 2023

Surveyor Benjamin Marston notes disbanded soldiers are rioting in Shelburne against "Free negroes," driving them out and looking for him"Monday, [July] 26 [1784]," [https://blackloyalist.com/cdc/documents/diaries/marston_journal.htm Marston's Journal] Black Loyalists: Our History, Our People. Accessed 13 February 2023

"The word came with power to my heart" - Black Loyalist Boston King describes his religious conversion in Birchtown[https://blackloyalist.com/cdc/documents/diaries/king-memoirs.htm "Memoirs of Boston King"] (1796), Black Loyalists: Our History, Our People. Accessed 16 February 2023

John Wentworth ships to brother's Suriname estate 19 enslaved Blacks, describing men's skills, and women as likely "to increase their numbers"T. Watson Smith, "A wholesale baptism of slaves[....]," [https://archives.gnb.ca/exhibits/forthavoc/html/Slave-in-Canada.aspx?culture=en-CA The Slave in Canada] (1898), Provincial Archives of New Brunswick. Accessed 17 February 2023

"The business we are entering into" - Jamaican instructs his brother to set up in importing (and later perhaps fishing) in Shelburne[https://archives.novascotia.ca/white/archives/?ID=264 Letter of Nathaniel Whitworth to Charles Whitworth] (March 15, 1784), Nova Scotia Archives. (See also [https://archives.novascotia.ca/white/archives/?ID=308 "Preliminary Steps to be taken in order to quiet the Minds and Apprehensions of the Settlers in the Town and District of Shelburne"]) Accessed 16 February 2023

After Tea Party "you Said it would coust Newingland Dear, and I think It has old Ingland Two" - pre-war traders renew contact[https://archives.novascotia.ca/easson/archives/?ID=139&Page=200601313&Transcript=2 "Letter, Joseph Curtis, Roxbury, to John Easson"] (March 20, 1784), Nova Scotia Archives. (See also [https://archives.novascotia.ca/easson/archives/?ID=138 Katharine Curtis' letter] of reconciliation with Easson) Accessed 20 February 2023

"[Many] are leaving the bleak province of Nova Scotia for the great advantages in trade that are to be met with at Bermuda""London, August 10; By letters lately received[....]," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266953 Nomb. 1005] (November 25, 1784), pgs. 1-2. Accessed 9 February 2023

Hannah Winslow, widow of Edward Winslow Sr., grants power of attorney to Plymouth, Massachusetts lawyer to sell her property in that state[https://preserve.lib.unb.ca/wayback/20141205161005/http://atlanticportal.hil.unb.ca/acva/loyalistwomen/en/documents/browse/view.php?id=3_104&mode=dpl "Letter from Hannah Winslow to John Davis"] (July 6, 1784), Loyalist Women in New Brunswick, 1783-1827. (See also [https://preserve.lib.unb.ca/wayback/20141205162232/http://atlanticportal.hil.unb.ca/acva/loyalistwomen/en/documents/browse/view.php?id=4_04&mode=dpl similar letter] granting daughter Sarah power of attorney before Loyalist losses commission in Britain, and [https://preserve.lib.unb.ca/wayback/20141205161004/http://atlanticportal.hil.unb.ca/acva/loyalistwomen/en/documents/browse/view.php?id=3_100&mode=dpl Edward Winslow's letter] about his father's death) Accessed 3 February 2023

In long letter to his wife, Edward Winslow expresses his love for her and relates story of three condemned men's reprieve at last minute[https://preserve.lib.unb.ca/wayback/20141205162202/http://atlanticportal.hil.unb.ca/acva/loyalistwomen/en/documents/browse/view.php?id=24_04&mode=dpl "Letter from Edward Winslow to Mary Winslow"] (September 10-12, 1784), Loyalist Women in New Brunswick, 1783-1827. (See also [https://preserve.lib.unb.ca/wayback/20141205162213/http://atlanticportal.hil.unb.ca/acva/loyalistwomen/en/documents/browse/view.php?id=24_05&mode=dpl another letter] with much about servants) Accessed 3 February 2023

Edward Winslow notes arriving London women "expose to view such[...]parts as nature seems to intend that every modest woman should conceal"[https://archive.org/details/winslowpapersad100raymuoft/page/230/mode/1up "Edward Winslow to His Wife"] (September 20, 1784), Winslow Papers; A.D. 1776-1826, pg. 226. Accessed 17 February 2023

New Brunswick to be set up for subjects from "revolted Colonies" and disbanded soldiers, as Halifax too far for them to use its courts[https://www.solon.org/Constitutions/Canada/English/PreConfederation/oic_17840618.html "Order-in-Council Establishing New Brunswick"] (June 18, 1784), Canadian Constitutional Documents. (See also [https://archive.org/details/winslowpapersad100raymuoft/page/195/mode/1up elaboration] on difficulty of getting to Halifax, and also political reasons N.B. not created sooner in letters [https://archive.org/details/winslowpapersad100raymuoft/page/171/mode/1up here] and [https://archive.org/details/winslowpapersad100raymuoft/page/174/mode/1up here] and [https://www.solon.org/Constitutions/Canada/English/PreConfederation/instr_17840816.html 96 instructions] to N.B. Gov. Thomas Carleton) Accessed 2 February 2023

Lord Sydney praised for not assigning civil service jobs to friends, "except those of the Governor and Lieutenant-Governor""The establishment of the infant province of New-Brunswick[....]," The Quebec Gazette, [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4266949 Nomb. 1001] (October 28, 1784), pg. 2. Accessed 9 February 2023

Loyalists to be "victualled" at 2/3 rations (1/3 for kids under 10) in 1784-5, and half that in 1785-6; disbanded soldiers to get full rations"Commissary-General's Office, Fort Howe" (September 15, 1784), [https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=QhmGFXoqNHAC&dat=17840923&printsec=frontpage The Royal St. John's Gazette, and Nova-Scotia Intelligencer, Vol. I, Numb. XLI] (September 23, 1784), Page 3 of 23. (See also adjacent call for small craft owners to ship 2,000 barrels of provisions from Ft. Howe, and [https://archive.org/details/winslowpapersad100raymuoft/page/245/mode/1up report] of official overseeing distribution) Accessed 2 February 2023

Robert Lawson and 10 other Black Loyalists petition for land promised but not received, fearing "Greatest Distress" to their large families[https://preserve.lib.unb.ca/wayback/20141205160820/http://atlanticportal.hil.unb.ca/acva/blackloyalists/en/petitions/browse/view.php?id=Lawson_Robert_1785_01&mode=dpl "The Petition of Robert Lawson"] (February 21, 1784), Black Loyalists in New Brunswick, University of New Brunswick Libraries. Accessed 6 February 2023

"Smart, active Negro Boy," about 15, for sale; "title indisputable""To Be Sold[....]," [https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=QhmGFXoqNHAC&dat=17840715&printsec=frontpage The Royal St. John's Gazette, and Nova-Scotia Intelligencer, Vol. I, Numb. XXXI] (July 15, 1784), Page 2 of 4. Accessed 2 February 2023

Fort Howe officer seeks "slave" cooper; "speaks English like the West India negroes [and] very talkative;" is from St. Augustine via New York"Five Guineas Reward" (July 13, 1784), [https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=QhmGFXoqNHAC&dat=17840715&printsec=frontpage The Royal St. John's Gazette, and Nova-Scotia Intelligencer, Vol. I, Numb. XXXI] (July 15, 1784), Page 3 of 4. Accessed 2 February 2023

Nova Scotia Lieutenant Governor Edmund Fanning notes beginning of commerce between Saint John River settlements and West Indies[https://archive.org/details/winslowpapersad100raymuoft/page/201/mode/1up "Lieut. Col. Fanning to Ward Chipman"] (April 27, 1784), Winslow Papers; A.D. 1776-1826, pg. 197. Accessed 17 February 2023

Settler on "Le Tete Island" praises ice-free and timber-rich Passamaquoddy Bay[https://archive.org/details/winslowpapersad100raymuoft/page/200/mode/1up "Dr. William Paine to Edward Winslow"] (April 26, 1784), Winslow Papers; A.D. 1776-1826, pg. 196. (See also [https://archive.org/details/winslowpapersad100raymuoft/page/205/mode/1up similar report] from St. Andrews, N.B.) Accessed 17 February 2023

New in Carleton are New York watchmaker, Brooklyn tavernkeeper serving some of his old customers, and surgeon with 7 years' army experienceVarious ads, [https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=QhmGFXoqNHAC&dat=17840129&printsec=frontpage The Royal St. John's Gazette, and Nova-Scotia Intelligencer, Vol. I, Numb. VII] (January 29, 1784), Page 3 of 4. Accessed 2 February 2023

School opened "to teach Youth[...]gauging geometry, trigonometry, navigation, mensuration, surveying, dialing, &c." plus morals and behaviour"John Sinnott[....]" (June 30, 1784), [https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=QhmGFXoqNHAC&dat=17840708&printsec=frontpage The Royal St. John's Gazette, and Nova-Scotia Intelligencer, Vol. I, Numb. XXX] (July 8, 1784), Page 1 of 3. Accessed 2 February 2023

Anonymous author seeks 1,000 subscribers for 3-volume "History of the Settlement of his Majesty's Exiled Loyalists," and prints its introduction"Proposals[....]," [https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=QhmGFXoqNHAC&dat=17840923&printsec=frontpage The Royal St. John's Gazette, and Nova-Scotia Intelligencer, Vol. I, Numb. XLI] (September 23, 1784), Page 1 of 4. Accessed 2 February 2023

Shelburne resident encouraged to come to Charlottetown, where land is "good & easy" to farm and cod fishery "will encrease & rise mens weages"[https://www.islandregister.com/letters/petermcmahon1784.html Letter of Peter McMahon to Charles Cready] (November 24, 1784), Nova Scotia Archives. (See also that [https://blackloyalist.com/cdc/documents/letters/settlement_description.htm Shelburne residents] don't know much about cod fishing) Accessed 17 February 2023

John MacDonald goes over reasons his charges settling on St. John's Island should be more aware of his sacrifices and good advice for them[https://preserve.lib.unb.ca/wayback/20141205155521/http://atlanticportal.hil.unb.ca/acva/macdonald/en/letters/browse/view.php?id=2664_08&mode=dpl "Letter from John MacDonald to Helen MacDonald"] (March 6, 1784), pgs. 3-6, The MacDonald Family Letters, 1779-1801, University of New Brunswick Libraries. Accessed 6 February 2023

MacDonald tells his sister Helen that royal council is impatient with St. John's Island government almost as much as he is with her "Childishness"[https://preserve.lib.unb.ca/wayback/20141205155521/http://atlanticportal.hil.unb.ca/acva/macdonald/en/letters/browse/view.php?id=2664_10&mode=dpl "Letter from John MacDonald to Helen MacDonald"] (September 17, 1784), The MacDonald Family Letters, 1779-1801, University of New Brunswick Libraries. Accessed 6 February 2023

Author experiences (on December 12, 1784) "Nehethawa" moon called "Pou-arch-e-kin-e-shish [or] the wind blowing the brush from the pine tree"Edward Umfreville, The Present State of Hudson's Bay, (1790), [http://peel.library.ualberta.ca/bibliography/50/202.html pgs. 191, 145] Accessed 6 February 2023

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