1854 in Canada

Events from the year 1854 in Canada.

Incumbents

Monarch — Victoria{{cite web |title=Queen Victoria {{!}} The Canadian Encyclopedia |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/victoria# |website=www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca |access-date=5 December 2022}}

January 27 – The Great Western Railway opens, linking Toronto, Hamilton and Windsor.
June 6 – The Canadian–American Reciprocity Treaty is signed.
October 27 – A Great Western Railway passenger train collides with the tail end of gravel train at Baptiste Creek, Canada West. At least 52 people are killed.
Establishment of the African Baptist Association of Nova Scotia.
St. Joseph's Academy for Young Ladies, later to be known as St. Joseph's College School, was founded by the Sisters of St. Joseph of Toronto.
Sale of the Clergy Reserves in Canada West marking the end of any form of established religion in Canada.

April 13 – William Henry Drummond, poet (died 1907){{Cite DCB |title=Drummond, William Henry |first=Mary Jane |last=Edwards |volume=13 |url=https://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/drummond_william_henry_13E.html |access-date=2022-11-23}}
May 21 – Edward Gawler Prior, mining engineer, politician and Premier of British Columbia (died 1920)
June 8 – Douglas Colin Cameron, politician and Lieutenant-Governor of Manitoba (died 1921)
June 26 – Robert Borden, lawyer, politician and 8th Prime Minister of Canada (died 1937)
August 29 – Arthur Peters, politician and Premier of Prince Edward Island (died 1908)
September 1 – James Alexander Lougheed, businessman and politician (died 1925)