1924 Republican National Convention

For this convention the method of allocating delegates changed in order to reduce the overrepresentation of the South.{{cite web|url=http://www.thegreenpapers.com/Hx/NatDelegates2004.html|title=An historical analysis of the apportionment of delegate votes at the National Conventions of the two major parties|work=thegreenpapers.com}} This effort proved only partly successful as Southern delegates proved to be more overrepresented than they had been in 1916 or 1920, though they were not as overrepresented as they had been in 1912 and earlier.

There were 120 female delegates, 11% of the total.{{cite book| access-date = October 30, 2018 | url = https://archive.org/details/republicanwomenf0000rymp | url-access = registration |page=[https://archive.org/details/republicanwomenf0000rymp/page/27 27] | title= Republican Women: Feminism and Conservatism from Suffrage Through the Rise of the New Right | first = Catherine E. | last= Rymph | publisher = University of North Carolina Press | date= 2006}}{{efn|Women's participation in national GOP conventions declined after 1924 and did not reach 11% again until 1952.}} The Republican National Committee approved a rule providing for a national committeeman and a national committeewoman from each state.{{cite web|url= http://www.nfrw.org/women-milestones | publisher = National Federation of Republican Women | access-date = October 30, 2018 | title = Milestones: Women in the GOP}}{{cite web|last1=Suydam|first1=Henry|title=Wizard Evans Leads Drive on Anti-Klan Plank|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/57545851|publisher =Newspapers.com|work=Brooklyn Daily Eagle|access-date=March 18, 2018|date=June 11, 1924}}{{cite magazine|title=Ku Klux Klan: Kleveland Konvention|date=June 23, 1924|magazine=Time|volume=III|issue=25}}

The head of the Ku Klux Klan, Imperial Wizard Hiram Wesley Evans, was in the city for the convention but maintained a low public profile. Time featured Evans in a cover photograph{{cite magazine | url = https://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19240623,00.html | magazine = Time | title= Cover | date= June 23, 1924 | access-date = October 30, 2018}} in conjunction with an article about the organization's role in the Republican convention, dubbing it "the Kleveland Konvention."{{cite magazine |title=Ku Klux Klan: Kleveland Konvention |magazine=Time |url=https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,718540,00.html |access-date=22 May 2022 |date=23 June 1924}} As with the 1924 Democratic National Convention, some delegates supported adding a condemnation of the Ku Klux Klan by name into the party platform, but they lacked enough support to bring their proposed language to a vote.{{cite book | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=wkgrDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA68 | page= 68 | title = Minorities and Reconstructive Coalitions: The Catholic Question| first = Willie | last= Gin | publisher = Taylor & Francis | date= 2017| isbn= 9781351981859 }}

Image:Calvin Coolidge-by Garo-1923.jpg|President
Calvin Coolidge
of Massachusetts

Image:Portrait of Senator Hiram Johnson of California, 1926.jpeg|Senator
Hiram Johnson
of California
(Not Nominated)

Image:Robert La Follette Sr crop.jpg|Senator
Robert M. La Follette
of Wisconsin
(Not Nominated)

Coolidge faced a challenge from California Senator Hiram Johnson and Wisconsin Senator Robert M. La Follette in the 1924 Republican primaries. Coolidge fended off his progressive challengers with convincing wins in the Republican primaries, and was assured of the 1924 presidential nomination by the time the convention began.{{cite book |last1=Lower |first1=Richard Coke |date=1993 |publisher=Stanford University Press |pages=221–223 |title=A Bloc of One: The Political Career of Hiram W. Johnson |isbn=0-8047-2081-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BeaeAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA221 }} After his defeat in the primaries, La Follette ran a third party candidacy that attracted significant support.

Image:Nicholas Murray Butler ppmsca.03668.jpg|Columbia President
Nicholas Murray Butler
of New York

Image:President Hoover portrait (cropped).jpg|Secretary of Commerce
Herbert Hoover
of California

Image:Charles Evans Hughes 2.jpg|{{center|Secretary of State
Charles Evans Hughes
of New York}}

Image:Frank O Lowden portrait (1).jpg|Former Governor
Frank Orren Lowden
of Illinois

Image:Gifford Pinchot 3c03915u.jpg|Governor
Gifford Pinchot
of Pennsylvania

Image:JWWadsworth.jpg|Senator
James Wadsworth Jr.
of New York

Image:James Eli Watson.jpg|Senator
James E. Watson
of Indiana

Image:John Wingate Weeks, Bain bw photo portrait.jpg|Secretary of War
John W. Weeks
of Massachusetts

Presidential Balloting / 3rd Day of Convention (June 12, 1924)

File:1924RepublicanPresidentialNomination1stBallot.png|1st Presidential Ballot

Image:Chas G Dawes-H&E (cropped).jpg|Former Budget Director
Charles G. Dawes
of Illinois

Image:Frank O Lowden portrait (1).jpg|Former Governor
Frank Orren Lowden
of Illinois
(Rejected Nomination)

Image:BURTON, THEODORE E. HONORABLE LCCN2016861359 (3x4a).jpg|Representative
Theodore E. Burton
of Ohio
(Not Nominated)

Image:President Hoover portrait (cropped).jpg|Commerce Secretary
Herbert Hoover
of California
(Not Nominated)

Image:Hon. W.S. Kenyon LCCN2016821580 (cropped).jpg|Circuit Court Judge
William S. Kenyon
of Iowa

Image:James Eli Watson.jpg|Senator
James E. Watson
of Indiana

Image:Charles Curtis-portrait.jpg|Senate Majority Whip
Charles Curtis
of Kansas

Image:Arthur M. Hyde, 10th Secretary of Agriculture, March 1929 - March 1933. - Flickr - USDAgov.jpg|Governor
Arthur M. Hyde
of Missouri

Image:FrankTHinesCropped.jpg|Veterans Director
Frank T. Hines
of Utah

Image:William Purnell Jackson, photo portrait head and shoulders.jpg|Former Senator
William P. Jackson
of Maryland

As Calvin Coolidge had ascended to the presidency following the death of Warren G. Harding on August 2, 1923, he served the remainder of Harding's term without a vice president as the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution had not yet been passed. With Coolidge having locked up the presidential nomination, most attention was focused on the vice presidential nomination.

Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover of California and appellate judge William Kenyon of Iowa were seen as the front-runners for the nomination, as both were popular Western progressives who could provide balance to a ticket led by a conservative from Massachusetts. Coolidge's first choice was reported to be Idaho Senator William E. Borah, also a progressive Westerner, but Borah declined to be considered. Illinois Governor Frank O. Lowden, University of Michigan president Marion Leroy Burton, Ambassador Charles B. Warren of Michigan, Washington Senator Wesley Livsey Jones, college president John Lee Coulter of North Dakota, General James Harbord, and General Charles Dawes also had support as potential running mates.{{cite news|last1=Oulahan|first1=Richard V.|title=Kenyon Leads for Second Place on Convention Eve, New Move to "Draft" Lowden Fails; Hoover Strong; La Follette Starts Fight for a Radical Platform|url=https://partners.nytimes.com/library/politics/camp/240610convention-gop-ra.html|access-date=October 9, 2015|newspaper=The New York Times|date=June 10, 1924}} Despite saying that he would not accept the nomination, Lowden was nominated for Vice President on the second ballot over Dawes, Kenyon, and Ohio Representative Theodore E. Burton. However, Lowden declined, an action, that {{as of|2020|lc=y}}, has never been repeated, and is now considered unthinkable. The convention then held another ballot, with Coolidge favoring Hoover.{{cite news|title=Coolidge and Dawes Nominated; General Named for Second Place After Lowden, Chosen, Refuses it|url=https://partners.nytimes.com/library/politics/camp/240613convention-gop-ra.html|access-date=October 9, 2015|newspaper=The New York Times|date=June 13, 1924}} However, the delegates picked Dawes, partly as a reaction to the perceived dominance of Coolidge in running the convention.

Vice Presidential Balloting / 3rd Day of Convention (June 12, 1924)

File:1924RepublicanVicePresidentialNomination1stBallot.png|1st
Vice Presidential Ballot

File:1924RepublicanVicePresidentialNomination2ndBallotBefore.png|2nd
Vice Presidential Ballot
(Before Shifts)

File:1924RepublicanVicePresidentialNomination2ndBallotAfter.png|2nd
Vice Presidential Ballot
(After Shifts)

File:1924RepublicanVicePresidentialNomination3rdBallot.png|3rd
Vice Presidential Ballot

Each of the three days of the convention opened with a lengthy invocation by a different clergymen—one Methodist, one Jewish, one Catholic. Each was listed among the convention officers as an official chaplain.Official Report of the Proceedings of the Eighteenth Republican National Convention (1924), pp. 37

On June 10, the opening prayer was given by William F. Anderson, Methodist Episcopal bishop of Boston. Among other things, he called for "stricter observance of the law and the preservation of the Constitution of the United States", in other words, for more zealous enforcement of Prohibition.Official Report of the Proceedings of the Eighteenth Republican National Convention (1928), pp. 7–9

The next day's session was opened by Rev. Dr. Samuel Schulman, rabbi of Temple Beth-El in New York. Schulman spoke with appreciation for "the Republican Party's precious heritage of the championship of human rights"; he called for "every form of prejudice and misunderstanding" to be "driven forever out of our land". Speaking of Calvin Coolidge, he praised "the integrity, the wisdom, the fearlessness of our beloved President".Official Report of the Proceedings of the Eighteenth Republican National Convention, published by the Republican National Committee (1924), pp. 49–50

On June 12, the final day's invocation was given by Roman Catholic Bishop Joseph Schrembs of Cleveland. Schrembs characterized President Calvin Coolidge as "a chieftain whose record of faithful public service, and whose personality, untarnished and untainted by the pollution of political corruption, will fill the heart of America with the new hope of a second spring".Official Report of the Proceedings of the Eighteenth Republican National Convention, published by the Republican National Committee (1924), pp. 125–26

• History of the United States Republican Party
• List of Republican National Conventions
• United States presidential nominating convention
• 1924 Republican Party presidential primaries
• 1924 United States presidential election
• 1924 Democratic National Convention

{{Notelist}}

{{Reflist|30em}}

• [http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=29636 Republican Party platform of 1924] at The American Presidency Project

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Category:Republican National Conventions

1924 Republican National Convention

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