1991 Nobel Prizes
{{Short description|none}}
The 1991 Nobel Prizes were awarded by the Nobel Foundation, based in Sweden. Six categories were awarded: Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, Peace, and Economic Sciences.{{Cite web |title=All Nobel Prizes |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/lists/all-nobel-prizes/1999-1990/ |access-date=2024-12-11 |website=NobelPrize.org |language=en-US}}
Prizes
= Physics =
| class="wikitable"
|+ ! colspan="5" |Awardee(s) |
| 91x91px
(1932–2007) |{{flagdeco|France|1974}} French |"for discovering that methods developed for studying order phenomena in simple systems can be generalized to more complex forms of matter, in particular to liquid crystals and polymers" |{{cite web |title=The Nobel Prize in Physics 1991 |url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1991/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081102193215/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1991/index.html |archive-date=2 November 2008 |access-date=9 October 2008 |publisher=Nobel Foundation}} |
= Chemistry =
| class="wikitable"
! colspan="5" |Awardee(s) |
| File:Richard_R_Ernst.jpg
(1933–2021) |{{flagdeco|Switzerland}} Swiss |"for his contributions to the development of the methodology of high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy" |
= Physiology or Medicine =
| class="wikitable"
! colspan="5" |Awardee(s) |
| 75x75px
(b. 1944) | rowspan="2" |{{flag|Germany}} | rowspan="2" |"for their discoveries concerning the function of single ion channels in cells" |
| 85x85px
(b. 1942) |
= Literature =
{{Main page|1991 Nobel Prize in Literature}}
| class="wikitable"
! colspan="4" |Awardee(s) ! |
| 119x119px
(1923–2014) |{{flag|South Africa|1928}} |"who through her magnificent epic writing has – in the words of Alfred Nobel – been of very great benefit to humanity" |
= Peace =
| class="wikitable"
! colspan="5" |Awardee(s) |
| 109x109px
(born 1945) |{{Flag|Myanmar}} |"for her non-violent struggle for democracy and human rights." |
= Economic Sciences =
| class="wikitable"
! colspan="5" |Awardee(s) |
| 79x79px
(1910–2013) |{{flag|United Kingdom}} |"for his discovery and clarification of the significance of transaction costs and property rights for the institutional structure and functioning of the economy" |
== References ==
{{1991 Nobel Prize winners}}