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1996 Indian general election in Kerala

{{Short description|none}}

{{Infobox election

| election_name = 1996 Indian general election

| country = India

| type = parliamentary

| ongoing = no

| previous_election = 1991 Indian general election in Kerala

| previous_year = 1991

| next_election = 1998 Indian general election in Kerala

| next_year = 1998

| election_date = April–May 1996

| seats_for_election = 20 seats

| image1 = {{CSS image crop|Image=V.S.Achuthanandan.jpg|bSize=100|cWidth=100|cHeight=120|oLeft=0|oTop=0}}

| leader1 = V. S. Achuthanandan

| alliance1 = LDF

| leaders_seat1 = -

| image2 = {{CSS image crop|Image=AK Antony at Ponnani.jpg|bSize=100|cWidth=100|cHeight=120|oLeft=0|oTop=09}}

| leader2 = A. K. Antony

| alliance2 = UDF

| leaders_seat2 = -

| seats1 = 10

| seats2 = 10

| last_election1 = 4

| last_election2 = 16

| seat_change1 = {{increase}} 6

| seat_change2 = {{decrease}} 6

| party1 = Communist Party of India (Marxist)

| party2 = Indian National Congress

| percentage1 = 44.87%

| percentage2 = 45.75%

}}The 1996 Indian general election were held to elect 20 members to the eleventh Lok Sabha from Kerala.{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=General Election, 1996|url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/4123-general-election-1996-vol-i-ii/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190515060532/https://www.eci.gov.in/files/file/4123-general-election-1996-vol-i-ii/ |archive-date=2019-05-15 |access-date=|website=}} Both Indian National Congress (INC)-led United Democratic Front (UDF) and Left Democratic Front (LDF), led by Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) won 10 seats each.{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=PC: Kerala 1996|url=https://www.indiavotes.com/pc/info?state=28&eid=11|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508072713/https://www.indiavotes.com/pc/info?state=28&eid=11 |archive-date=2021-05-08 |access-date=|website=}} Turnout for the election was at 70.66%{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTIONS, 1996 TO THE 11th LOK SABHA|url=https://ceomadhyapradesh.nic.in/Links/Books/96_Vol_I.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180413154823/http://ceomadhyapradesh.nic.in:80/Links/Books/96_Vol_I.pdf |archive-date=2018-04-13 |access-date=|website=}}

Alliances and parties

{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=PC: Alliances Kerala 1996|url=https://www.indiavotes.com/alliance/partyWise/11/28|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508080318/https://www.indiavotes.com/alliance/partyWise/11/28 |archive-date=2021-05-08 |access-date=|website=}}

UDF is a Kerala legislative alliance formed by INC veteran K. Karunakaran. LDF comprises primarily of CPI(M) and the CPI, forming the Left Front in the national level. Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) contested in 18 seats.

= United Democratic Front =

class="wikitable"

! scope="col" style="width:4px;" |No.

! scope="col" style="width:200px;" |Party

! scope="col" style="width:80px;" |Election Symbol

! scope="col" style="width:60px;" |Seats Contested

style="height: 45px;"

| style="text-align:center; background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}};color:white" |1.

|Indian National Congress

| style="text-align:center;" |

| style="text-align:center;" |17

style="height: 45px;"

| style="text-align:center; background:{{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}};color:white" |2.

|Indian Union Muslim League

| style="text-align:center;" |47x47px

| style="text-align:center;" |2

style="height: 45px;"

| style="text-align:center; background:{{party color|Kerala Congress (Mani)}};color:white" |3.

|Kerala Congress (M)

| style="text-align:center;" |45x45px

| style="text-align:center;" |1

= Left Democratic Front =

class="wikitable"

! scope="col" style="width:4px;" |No.

! scope="col" style="width:200px;" |Party

! scope="col" style="width:80px;" |Election Symbol

! scope="col" style="width:60px;" |Seats Contested

style="height: 45px;"

| style="text-align:center; background:{{party color|Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)}};color:white" |1.

|Communist Party of India (Marxist)

|File:CPI(M) election symbol - Hammer Sickle and Star.svg

| style="text-align:center;" |9

style="height: 4px;"

| style="text-align:center; background:{{party color|Communist_Party_of_India}};color:white" |2.

|Communist Party of India

|File:CPI symbol.svg

| style="text-align:center;" |4

style="text-align:center; background:{{party color|Independent (politician)}};color:black" |3.

|Independents

|

| style="text-align:center;" |3

style="text-align:center; background:{{party color|Janata Dal}};color:white" |4.

|Janata Dal

|

| style="text-align:center;" |2

style="text-align:center; background:{{party color|Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)}};color:white" |5.

|Revolutionary Socialist Party

|

| style="text-align:center;" |1

style="height: 4px;"

| style="text-align:center; background:{{party color|Kerala Congress}};color:black" |6.

|Kerala Congress

| style="text-align:center;" |

| style="text-align:center;" |1

= Bharatiya Janata Party =

class="wikitable"

! scope="col" style="width:4px;" |No.

! scope="col" style="width:200px;" |Party

! scope="col" style="width:80px;" |Election Symbol

! scope="col" style="width:60px;" |Seats Contested

style="height: 45px;"

| style="text-align:center; background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |1.

|Bharatiya Janata Party

| style="text-align:center;" |40x40px

| style="text-align:center;" |18

List of elected MPs

{{Cite web|last=Roy Mathew|date=|title=Indian Parliament Elections 1996: Kerala Winners|url=http://keralaassembly.org/lok/winners.php4?year=1996|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040430121330/http://www.keralaassembly.org:80/lok/winners.php4?year=1996 |archive-date=2004-04-30 |access-date=2020-09-15|website=keralaassembly.org}}

class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;"

!No.

!Constituency

!Name of Elected M.P.

!Party Affiliation

1

|Kasaragod

|T. Govindan

|CPI(M)

2

|Kannur

|Mullappally Ramachandran

|INC

3

|Vatakara

|O. Bharathan

|CPI(M)

4

|Kozhikode

|M. P. Veerendra Kumar

|JD

5

|Manjeri

|E. Ahamed

|IUML

6

|Ponnani

|G. M. Banatwala

|IUML

7

|Palakkad

|N. N. Krishnadas

|CPI(M)

8

|Ottapalam

|S. Ajaya Kumar

|CPI(M)

9

|Thrissur

|V. V. Raghavan

|CPI

10

|Mukundapuram

|P. C. Chacko

|INC

11

|Ernakulam

|Xavier Arackal

|IND

12

|Muvattupuzha

|P. C. Thomas

|KC(M)

13

|Kottayam

|Ramesh Chennithala

|INC

14

|Idukki

|A. C. Jose

|INC

15

|Alappuzha

|V. M. Sudheeran

|INC

16

|Mavelikkara

|P. J. Kurien

|INC

17

|Adoor

|Kodikunnil Suresh

|INC

18

|Kollam

|N. K. Premachandran

|RSP

19

|Chirayankil

|A. Sampath

|CPI(M)

20

|Thiruvananthapuram

|K. V. Surendranath

|CPI

Results

= Performance of political parties =

{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=PC: Party-wise performance for 1996 Kerala|url=https://www.indiavotes.com/pc/party_list/28/11|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508075804/https://www.indiavotes.com/pc/party_list/28/11 |archive-date=2021-05-08 |access-date=|website=}}{{Pie chart|caption=Vote Share by alliance|other=yes|value1=45.75|label1=UDF|color1={{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}|value2=44.87|label2=LDF|color2={{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}|value3=5.61|label3=BJP|color3={{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}}}

class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%;"

!No.

!Party

!Political Front

!Seats

!Votes

!%Votes

!±pp

1

|Indian National Congress

|UDF

|7

|54,67,132

|38.01%

|{{decrease}}0.76

2

|Communist Party of India (Marxist)

|LDF

|5

|30,44,369

|21.16%

|{{increase}}0.45

3

|Communist Party of India

|LDF

|2

|11,82,944

|8.22%

|{{increase}}0.10

4

|Bharatiya Janata Party

|none

|0

|8,07,607

|5.61%

|{{increase}}1.00

5

|Indian Union Muslim League

|UDF

|2

|7,45,070

|5.08%

|{{increase}}0.06

6

|Janata Dal

|LDF

|1

|6,33,104

|4.40%

|{{decrease}}0.11

7

|Kerala Congress (M)

|UDF

|1

|3,56,168

|2.66%

|{{decrease}}0.04

8

|Revolutionary Socialist Party

|LDF

|1

|3,59,786

|2.50%

|{{increase}}0.09

9

|Indian Congress (Secular)

|LDF

|0

|3,32,622

|2.31%

|{{decrease}}0.39

10

|Kerala Congress

|LDF

|0

|3,20,539

|2.23%

|{{increase}}0.01

11

|Peoples Democratic Party

|none

|0

|64,950

|0.45%

|new

12

|Bahujan Samaj Party

|none

|0

|22,139

|0.15%

|{{decrease}}0.01

13

|Janata Party

|none

|0

|13,557

|0.01%

|{{decrease}}0.12

14

|All India Forward Bloc

|none

|0

|12,837

|0.09%

|new

15

|Shiv Sena

|none

|0

|5,609

|0.02%

|new

16

|Indian National League

|none

|0

|1,354

|0.01%

|new

17

|Nagaland Peoples Party

|none

|0

|1,066

|0.01%

|new

18

|Samata Party

|none

|0

|721

|0.01%

|new

colspan="3" |Independents

|1

|10,02,198

|6.97%

|{{decrease}}0.76

= By constituency =

{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=PC: Kerala 1996|url=https://www.indiavotes.com/pc/info?state=28&eid=11|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508072713/https://www.indiavotes.com/pc/info?state=28&eid=11 |archive-date=2021-05-08 |access-date=|website=}}

class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%;"

!No.

!Constituency

!UDF candidate

!Votes

!%

!Party

!LDF candidate

!Votes

!%

!Party

!BJP / Other candidates

!Votes

!%

!Party

!Winning alliance

!Margin

1

|Kasaragod

|I. Rama Rai

|2,97,267

|36.6%

|INC

| style="background:lightgreen;" |T. Govindan

|371,997

|45.8%

|CPI(M)

|P. K. Krishnadas

|97,577

|12.0%

|BJP

! style="background:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |LDF

|74,730

2

|Kannur

| style="background:lightgreen;"|Mullappally Ramachandran

|3,71,924

|48.0%

|INC

|Kadannappalli Ramachandran

|3,32,622

|42.9%

|IC(S)

|M. K. Saseeindran

|30,511

|3.9%

|BJP

! style="background:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |UDF

|39,302

3

|Vatakara

|K. P. Unnikrishnan

|3,35,950

|40.7%

|INC

| style="background:lightgreen;" |O. Bharathan

|4,15,895

|50.4%

|CPI(M)

|A. D. Nair

|49,971

|6.1%

|BJP

! style="background:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |LDF

|79,945

4

|Kozhikode

|K. Muraleedharan

|3,16,862

|41.8%

|INC

| style="background:lightgreen;" |M. P. Veerendra Kumar

|3,55,565

|46.9%

|JD

|K. P. Sreesan

|56,942

|7.5%

|BJP

! style="background:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |LDF

|38,703

5

|Manjeri

| style="background:lightgreen;" |E. Ahammed

|3,76,001

|47.3%

|IUML

|C. H. Ashiq

|3,21,030

|40.3%

|CPI(M)

|Cherukattu Vasudevan

|54,550

|6.9%

|BJP

! style="background:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |UDF

|54,971

6

|Ponnani

| style="background:lightgreen;" |G. M. Banatwalla

|3,54,808

|48.4%

|IUML

|Mokkath Rahmathulla

|2,75,513

|37.6%

|CPI

|K. Janachandran

|56,234

|7.7%

|BJP

! style="background:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |UDF

|79,295

7

|Palakkad

|V. S. Vijayaraghavan

|3,19,841

|43.3%

|INC

| style="background:lightgreen;" |N. N. Krishnadas

|3,43,264

|46.5%

|CPI(M)

|M. V. Sukumaran

|37,221

|5.0%

|BJP

! style="background:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |LDF

|23,423

8

|Ottapalam

|K. K. Vijayalakshmi

|3,00,958

|43.3%

|INC

| style="background:lightgreen;" |S. Ajayakumar

|3,24,022

|46.6%

|CPI(M)

|K. V. Kumaran

|49,296

|7.1%

|BJP

! style="background:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |LDF

|23,064

9

|Thrissur

|K. Karunakaran

|3,07,002

|43.3%

|INC

| style="background:lightgreen;" |V. V. Raghavan

|3,08,482

|43.6%

|CPI

|Rema Reghunandan

|41,139

|5.8%

|BJP

! style="background:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |LDF

|1,480

10

|Mukundapuram

| style="background:lightgreen;" |P. C.Chacko

|3,49,801

|46.7%

|INC

|V. Viswanatha Menon

|3,25,044

|43.4%

|CPI(M)

|Narayana Iyer

|35,227

|4.7%

|BJP

! style="background:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |UDF

|24,757

11

|Ernakulam

|K. V. Thomas

|3,05,094

|41.8%

|INC

| style="background:lightgreen;" |Xavier Arrakkal

|3,35,479

|46.0%

|IND

|O. M. Mathew

|46,559

|6.4%

|BJP

! style="background:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |LDF

|30,385

12

|Muvattupuzha

| style="background:lightgreen;" |P. C. Thomas

|3,82,319

|53.1%

|KC(M)

|Baby Kurien

|2,60,423

|36.2%

|IND

|Narayanan Namboothiri

|50,738

|7.7%

|BJP

! style="background:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |UDF

|1,21,896

13

|Kottayam

| style="background:lightgreen;" |Ramesh Chennithala

|3,30,447

|45.9%

|INC

|Jayalakshmi

|2,77,539

|39.6%

|JD

|A. K. Achary

|29,319

|4.2%

|IND

! style="background:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |LDF

|67,048

14

|Idukki

| style="background:lightgreen;" |A. C. Jose

|3,50,679

|48.0%

|INC

|K. Francis George

|3,20,539

|43.9%

|KEC

|D. Ashok Kumar

|32,107

|4.4%

|BJP

! style="background:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |UDF

|30,140

15

|Alappuzha

| style="background:lightgreen;" |V. M. Sudheeran

|3,69,539

|48.7%

|INC

|T. J. Anjalose

|3,43,590

|45.3%

|CPI(M)

|Nedumuthara Unnikrishnan

|17,990

|2.4%

|BJP

! style="background:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |UDF

|25,949

16

|Mavelikkara

| style="background:lightgreen;" |P. J. Kurien

|2,90,524

|45.9%

|INC

|M. R.

Gopalakrishnan

|2,69,448

|42.5%

|CPI(M)

|K. K. R. Kumar

|45,325

|7.2%

|BJP

! style="background:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |UDF

|21,076

17

|Adoor

| style="background:lightgreen;" |Kodikkunnil Suresh

|3,51,872

|51.6%

|INC

|P. K. Raghavan

|2,86,327

|42.0%

|CPI

|Kainakari Janardhanan

|21,609

|3.2%

|BJP

! style="background:{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |UDF

|65,545

18

|Kollam

|S. Krishnakumar

|2,81,416

|38.1%

|INC

| style="background:lightgreen;" |N. K. Premachandran

|3,59,786

|48.7%

|RSP

|Nina Rajan Pillai

|57,917

|7.8%

|IND

! style="background:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |LDF

|78,370

19

|Chirayinkil

|Thalekkunnil Basheer

|2,81,996

|40.5%

|INC

| style="background:lightgreen;" |A. Sampath

|3,30,079

|47.4%

|CPI(M)

|R. Radhakrishnan Unnithan

|30,348

|4.4%

|BJP

! style="background:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |LDF

|48,083

20

|Trivandrum

|A. Charles

|2,91,820

|40.5%

|INC

| style="background:lightgreen;" |K. V. Surendranath

|3,12,622

|43.4%

|CPI

|K. Raman Pillai

|74,904

|10.4%

|BJP

! style="background:{{party color|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}}" |LDF

|20,802

See also

References

{{reflist}}{{Kerala elections}}

Category:1996 elections in India

Category:Elections in Kerala