2013 AZ60
{{Short description|Small Solar System body}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:{{mp|2013 AZ|60}}}}
{{use dmy dates|date=February 2018}}
{{Infobox planet
| minorplanet = yes
| background = #C2E0FF
| name = {{mp|2013 AZ|60}}
| discoverer = Mt. Lemmon Survey
| discovered = 10 January 2013
| mp_category = {{Ubl
| Oort cloud object
}}
| epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
| uncertainty = 1
| observation_arc = 5.20 yr
| semimajor = {{Convert|562|AU|Tm|abbr=on}} (a)
| perihelion = {{Convert|7.920|AU|Tm|abbr=on}} (q)
| aphelion = {{Convert|1116.9|AU|Tm|abbr=on|lk=on}} (Q)
| eccentricity = 0.98592 (e)
| inclination = 16.532° (i)
| asc_node = 349.20° (Ω)
| arg_peri = 158.42° (ω)
| period = 13339 yr
| mean_anomaly = 0.07458° (M)
| jupiter_moid = {{Convert|2.58|AU|Gm|abbr=on}}
| saturn_moid = {{Convert|1.20|AU|Gm|abbr=on}}
| mean_motion = 0.000050074°/day (n)
| satellites = 0
| dimensions = {{Ubl
}}
| magnitude = 19.8
| sidereal_day = {{Val|9.39|0.22|u=h}}
}}
{{mp|2013 AZ|60}} is a small Solar System body (extended centaur) from the scattered disk or inner Oort cloud. {{mp|2013 AZ|60}} has the 8th-largest semi-major axis of a minor planet not detected outgassing like a comet ({{mpl|2013 BL|76}}, {{mpl|2005 VX|3}} and {{mpl|2012 DR|30}} have a larger semi-major axis).
{{mp|2013 AZ|60}} came to perihelion in November 2014 at a distance of 7.9 AU from the Sun (inside of the orbit of Saturn). With an absolute magnitude (H) of 10.2, {{mp|2013 AZ|60}} has an estimated diameter of 40 km. Comet Hale–Bopp, which is roughly the same size, was not discovered until it was 7.2 AU from the Sun and had started outgassing CO. {{mp|2013 AZ|60}} may be discovered to be cometary as it comes to perihelion. It comes to opposition at the start of April.
After leaving the planetary region of the Solar System, {{mp|2013 AZ|60}} will have a barycentric aphelion of 827 AU with an orbital period of 8500 years. In a 10 million year integration of the orbit, one of the 3-sigma clones is ejected from the Solar System.
| class=wikitable style="text-align:center; font-size:11px; float:right; margin:2px" | ||
| bgcolor= style="font-size: smaller;"
| colspan="8" style="text-align:center;"|Orbital evolution | ||
| Epoch | Barycentric Aphelion (Q) (AU) | Orbital period yr |
|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 1261 | 16000 |
| 2050 | 827 | 8500 |
Physical characteristics and orbit
A 2016 study found {{mp|2013 AZ|60}} to have a comet-like albedo of 2.9% (darker than any other known ejected centaur) and a color typical of D-type asteroids. It is unknown if it is a so-called "super comet" or an extinct comet, considering its large distance from the Sun. It was also determined that {{mp|2013 AZ|60}} has a diameter of {{Val|62.3|5.3}} kilometers, larger than initially believed. A light curve analysis found it to have a rotation period of {{Val|9.39|0.22}} hours, typical of asteroids its size. No significant satellites were detected.
It was also found that {{mp|2013 AZ|60}} is on an extremely unstable orbit, with a ~64% chance of being ejected from the Solar system in 1 million years, and a ~25% chance of being ejected in the next 500,000 years, as well as a 4.2% chance of its orbit venturing into the neighborhood of Earth.
Comparison
File:Distant object orbits + Planet Nine.png, and other very distant objects along with the predicted orbit of Planet Nine. The three sednoids (pink) along with the red-colored extreme trans-Neptunian object (eTNO) orbits are suspected to be aligned with the hypothetical Planet Nine while the blue-colored eTNO orbits are anti-aligned. The highly elongated orbits colored brown include centaurs and damocloids with large aphelion distances over 200 AU.]]
{{clear}}
See also
- 90377 Sedna (relatively large and also distant body)
- List of hyperbolic comets
- Pluto
- {{mpl|2012 VP|113}}
- List of Solar System objects by greatest aphelion
;Have very large aphelion:
- {{mpl|2012 DR|30}} (14–2049 AU)
- {{mpl|2005 VX|3}} (4–2049 AU)
- {{mpl|2013 BL|76}} (8–1920 AU)
References
{{reflist
| colwidth = 25em
| refs =
|type=last observation: 2016-01-08; arc: 2.99 yr
|title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2013 AZ60)
|publisher=Jet Propulsion Laboratory
|url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2013AZ60
|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20170212032928/http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2013AZ60
|archivedate=12 February 2017
|url-status=live
|accessdate=25 March 2016
}}
|title = 2013 AZ60
|publisher = Seicchi Yoshida's Home Page
|url = http://www.aerith.net/comet/catalog/2013AZ60/2013AZ60.html
|accessdate = 2013-07-13
|archive-date = 22 October 2013
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131022205824/http://www.aerith.net/comet/catalog/2013AZ60/2013AZ60.html
|url-status = dead
}}
{{cite web
| title = 2013 AZ60 Orbit
| publisher = IAU minor planet center
| url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2013+AZ60
| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20160215052643/http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2013+AZ60 |archivedate=2016-02-15 |url-status=live
| accessdate = 2018-02-03
}}
|title=JPL Small-Body Database Search Engine: Asteroids and a > 100 (AU)
|publisher=JPL Solar System Dynamics
|url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb_query.cgi?obj_group=all;obj_kind=ast;obj_numbered=all;OBJ_field=0;ORB_field=0;c1_group=ORB;c1_item=Bh;c1_op=%3E;c1_value=100;table_format=HTML;max_rows=100;format_option=comp;c_fields=AcBhBgBjBiBnBsCkCqAi;.cgifields=format_option;.cgifields=ast_orbit_class;.cgifields=table_format;.cgifields=obj_kind;.cgifields=obj_group;.cgifields=obj_numbered;.cgifields=com_orbit_class&query=1&c_sort=BhD
|accessdate=2013-10-13}}
|title=Absolute Magnitude (H)
|publisher=NASA/JPL
|url=http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/glossary/h.html
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010302182040/http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/glossary/h.html
|url-status=dead
|archive-date=2001-03-02
|accessdate=2013-10-13}}
|author = Marc W. Buie
|title = Orbit Fit and Astrometric record for 13AZ60
|publisher = SwRI{{Snd}} Space Science Department
|url = http://www.boulder.swri.edu/~buie/kbo/astrom/13AZ60.html
|accessdate= 2017-02-15
|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20160327184916/http://www.boulder.swri.edu/~buie/kbo/astrom/13AZ60.html
|archivedate= 2016-03-27
|url-status = live}}
}}
External links
- [http://www.aerith.net/comet/catalog/2013AZ60/2013AZ60.html 2013 AZ60] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022205824/http://www.aerith.net/comet/catalog/2013AZ60/2013AZ60.html |date=22 October 2013 }} (Seiichi Yoshida)
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20180203194507/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2013AZ60 JPL Webcite archive of Epoch 2016-Jan-13 with aphelion (Q) of 1450AU]
- {{JPL small body|id=3623980}}
{{Small Solar System bodies}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:2013 AZ60}}
Category:Trans-Neptunian objects