2021 La Paz gubernatorial election
{{Short description|Bolivian election}}
{{good article}}
{{Use American English|date=August 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 2021 La Paz gubernatorial election
| country = Bolivia
| flag_image = Bandera de La Paz.svg
| type = Parliamentary
| vote_type = Popular
| ongoing = No
| previous_election = 2015 Bolivian regional elections
| previous_year = 2015
| election_date = {{Start date|2021|03|07|df=y}} (first round)
{{Start date|2021|04|11|df=y}} (second round)
| next_election = 2026 La Paz gubernatorial election
| next_year = 2026
| seats_for_election = Governor, all 45 seats in the Legislative Assembly{{efn|Five reserved seats appointed or elected by native indigenous authorities in accordance with usos y costumbres.}}
| majority_seats = 23
| opinion_polls = 2021 La Paz gubernatorial election#Opinion polling
| registered = 1,950,428{{efn|Reduced to 1,947,828 in second round.}}
| turnout = 88.37% ({{decrease}} 0.13 pp){{efn|Reduced to 83.23% in second round.}}
| 1blank = First round
| 2blank = Percentage
| 3blank = Runoff
| 4blank = Percentage
| image1 = Santos Quispe.jpg
| colour1 = FD0002
| candidate1 = Santos Quispe
| leader1 = Leopoldo Chui
| party1_name = no
| party1 = {{tooltip|2=Forward United People|APU|dotted=no}}
| alliance1_name = no
| alliance1 = {{tooltip|2=Jallalla La Paz|J.A.LLALLA.L.P.|dotted=no}}
| last_election1 = New party
| seats1 = 8
| 1data1 = 392,132
| 2data1 = 25.18%
| 3data1 = 831,816
| 4data1 = 55.23%
| image2 = Franklin Richar Flores Córdova (Official Photo, 2019) Chamber of Deputies of Bolivia.jpg
| colour2 = 143A83
| candidate2 = Franklin Flores
| leader2 = Evo Morales
| party2 = MAS-IPSP
| alliance2_name = no
| alliance2 = —
| last_election2 = 25 seats, 30.68%
| seats2 = 25
| 1data2 = 618,221
| 2data2 = 39.70%
| 3data2 = 674,220
| 4data2 = 44.77%
| image4 = Rafael Quispe en marzo de 2020.png
| colour4 = 00C9B0
| candidate4 = Rafael Quispe
| party4_name = no
| party4 = {{tooltip|2=Somos Pueblo|SP|dotted=no}}
| alliance4_name = no
| alliance4 = {{tooltip|2=For the Common Good – Somos Pueblo|PBCSP|dotted=no}}{{efn|name=fn1|Coalition between For the Common Good and Somos Pueblo, legally registered by the Social Democratic Movement and Suma Escoma.}}
| last_election4 = New alliance
| seats4 = 5
| 1data4 = 349,384
| 2data4 = 22.44%
| 3data4 = Eliminated
| image5 = Felix patzi.jpg
| colour5 = D08B62
| candidate5 = Félix Patzi
| party5_name = no
| party5 = {{tooltip|2=Third System Movement|MTS|dotted=no}}
| alliance5_name = no
| alliance5 = —
| last_election5 = New party
| seats5 = 1
| 1data5 = 67,948
| 2data5 = 4.36%
| 3data5 = Eliminated
| map = {{Switcher|200px|First round municipal results|200px|First round provincial results|200px|Second round municipal results|200px|Second round provincial results|default=4}}
| title = Governor
| before_election = Félix Patzi
| before_party = MTS
| posttitle = Governor after election
| after_election = Santos Quispe
| after_party = APU
}}
The 2021 La Paz gubernatorial election was held on Sunday, 7 March 2021, with a runoff taking place on 11 April 2021, involving separate contests for governor and all forty-five seats in the Departmental Legislative Assembly. Incumbent governor Félix Patzi unsuccessfully sought reelection to a second term, finishing in fourth place with 4.36 percent of the popular vote. The election was won by Jallalla La Paz's Santos Quispe, who attained 55.23 percent of the vote in the second round, defeating Franklin Flores of the Movement for Socialism. On the legislative ballot, the Movement for Socialism won sixteen of the twenty provincial circumscriptions and nine of the twenty party-list seats, retaining its twenty-five seat majority in the Legislative Assembly.
Originally scheduled to take place in early 2020, this and other subnational elections were delayed by over a year as a result of the country's 2019 political crisis and the ongoing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. The continued health crisis had a significant impact on the race, knocking out popular frontrunner Felipe Quispe and establishing a close contest between his son, Santos, and ruling party candidate Flores, trailed by Rafael Quispe, incumbent Patzi, and almost a dozen other candidates. Amid shifting demographics, this election was also noted for the fact that El Alto and the indigenous-majority provinces now held more electoral weight than the city of La Paz, a change reflected by the primarily indigenous identification of the candidates running.
Background and electoral system
In the 2015 gubernatorial election, former minister of education Félix Patzi of the Third System Movement (MTS), running in alliance with Sovereignty and Liberty (SOL.bo), successfully won the governorship in the first round by a margin of 50.09 percent of the popular vote to his closest competitor's 30.68 percent, dislodging the ruling Movement for Socialism (MAS-IPSP) from power. Despite its defeat in the governorship, the MAS retained its effective majority in the Departmental Legislative Assembly.{{Cite news |date=2014-12-22 |title=Félix Patzi es el candidato de SOL.BO a la Gobernación |language=es |work=ERBOL |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://anteriorportal.erbol.com.bo/noticia/politica/22122014/felix_patzi_sera_el_candidato_de_solbo_la_gobernacion |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220804222858/https://anteriorportal.erbol.com.bo/noticia/politica/22122014/felix_patzi_sera_el_candidato_de_solbo_la_gobernacion |archive-date=2022-08-04}}{{Cite news |date=2015-03-29 |title=Patzi gana la Gobernación y Revilla es reelecto en La Paz |language=es |work=Opinión |publication-place=Cochabamba |url=https://www.opinion.com.bo/articulo/escenario/patzi-gana-gobernaci-oacute-n-revilla-es-reelecto-paz/20150329221300517009.html |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220804223023/https://www.opinion.com.bo/articulo/escenario/patzi-gana-gobernaci-oacute-n-revilla-es-reelecto-paz/20150329221300517009.html |archive-date=2022-08-04}} As with other departmental, provincial, and municipal elected officials, Patzi and the Legislative Assembly's set term of office was due to expire in mid-2020, completing a five-year mandate started in 2015. However, due to the annulment of the 2019 general election results as an outcome of that year's political crisis, the terms of all subnational authorities were extended until after new national elections had taken place.{{Cite news |date=2015-05-31 |title=Gobernadores juran y Evo pide fin de la confrontación |language=es |trans-title=Governors are sworn in and Evo asks for end of confrontation |work=Opinión |publication-place=Cochabamba |url=https://www.opinion.com.bo/articulo/el-pais/%EF%BB%BF%EF%BB%BFgobernadores-juran-evo-pide-fin-confrontaci-oacute-n/20150531204400522616.html |url-status=live |access-date=2023-06-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230612220626/https://www.opinion.com.bo/articulo/el-pais/%EF%BB%BF%EF%BB%BFgobernadores-juran-evo-pide-fin-confrontaci-oacute-n/20150531204400522616.html |archive-date=2023-06-12}}{{Cite news |date=2020-01-20 |title=Bolivia: Áñez promulga ley de ampliación a su mandato |language=es |work=The San Diego Union-Tribune |agency=Associated Press |location=La Paz |url=https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/en-espanol/noticias/story/2020-01-20/bolivia-anez-promulga-ley-de-ampliacion-a-su-mandato |url-status=live |access-date=2022-07-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220409030605/https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/en-espanol/noticias/story/2020-01-20/bolivia-anez-promulga-ley-de-ampliacion-a-su-mandato |archive-date=2022-04-09}}
The Supreme Electoral Tribunal (TSE) issued the call for subnational elections on 10 November 2020, scheduling them to be held on 7 March 2021. Individuals aged 18 by the election date or who had recently changed residency could register to vote between 3 and 17 December.{{Cite news |date=2020-11-10 |title=TSE convoca a elecciones subnacionales para el 7 de marzo |language=es |work=ERBOL |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://erbol.com.bo/el-%C3%A1nfora-1/tse-convoca-elecciones-subnacionales-para-el-7-de-marzo |url-status=live |access-date=2022-07-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220116073044/https://erbol.com.bo/el-%C3%A1nfora-1/tse-convoca-elecciones-subnacionales-para-el-7-de-marzo |archive-date=2022-01-16}} 28 December was set as the deadline for political organizations to register their candidacies.{{Cite news |last=Corz |first=Carlos |date=2020-12-14 |title=El TSE amplía hasta el 28 plazo para registro de candidatos a las subnacionales |language=es |work=La Razón |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.la-razon.com/nacional/2020/12/14/el-tse-amplia-hasta-el-28-plazo-para-registro-de-candidatos-a-las-subnacionales/ |url-status=live |access-date=2022-07-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201216153513/https://www.la-razon.com/nacional/2020/12/14/el-tse-amplia-hasta-el-28-plazo-para-registro-de-candidatos-a-las-subnacionales/ |archive-date=2020-12-16}} For all nine autonomous departments, the electoral system has been in continuous use since 2010, involving separate contests for governor as the executive authority and all seats in the legislative body, known as the Departmental Legislative Assembly. All governorships are elected by a simple majority in a two-round system, with the top two candidates moving to a runoff if none of the contending parties attains fifty percent of the vote. Additionally, a second round may be avoided if one candidate achieves a forty percent plurality with ten percent more votes than the next closest competitor.{{harvnb|Ascarrunz|2021|pp=263–264}}{{Cite news |date=2021-03-14 |title=A Franklin Flores le faltó décimas e irá a segunda vuelta con Santos Quispe |language=es |work=Opinión |agency=ERBOL |publication-place=Cochabamba |url=https://www.opinion.com.bo/articulo/pais/franklin-flores-falto-decimas-ira-segunda-vuelta-santos-quispe/20210314192320811654.html |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220804225025/https://www.opinion.com.bo/articulo/pais/franklin-flores-falto-decimas-ira-segunda-vuelta-santos-quispe/20210314192320811654.html |archive-date=2022-08-04}}
Twenty seats in the Legislative Assembly are elected in provincial single-member circumscriptions (assembly members by territory), while the other twenty are elected on an electoral list in a single department-wide party-list circumscription (assembly members by population), allocated proportionally using the D'Hondt method. The remaining five seats are reserved for the department's indigenous nations, appointed or elected by indigenous authorities in accordance with usos y costumbres.{{Cite news |last=Bustillos |first=Iván |date=2021-04-14 |title=Departamentos, los gobiernos complejos |language=es |work=La Razón |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.la-razon.com/politico/2021/04/14/departamentos-los-gobiernos-complejos/ |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509133329/https://www.la-razon.com/politico/2021/04/14/departamentos-los-gobiernos-complejos/ |archive-date=2021-05-09}}
Candidates and campaigns
= Jallalla La Paz =
In mid-November, Felipe Quispe, popularly known as "El Mallku", launched his gubernatorial candidacy.{{Cite news |date=2020-11-14 |title='El Mallku' quiere ser candidato a Gobernador de La Paz y busca una sigla para las subnacionales |language=es |work=Urgente.bo |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://urgente.bo/noticia/%E2%80%9Cel-mallku%E2%80%9D-quiere-ser-candidato-gobernador-de-la-paz-y-busca-una-sigla-para-las |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220824221731/https://urgente.bo/noticia/%E2%80%9Cel-mallku%E2%80%9D-quiere-ser-candidato-gobernador-de-la-paz-y-busca-una-sigla-para-las |archive-date=2022-08-24}} The former guerilla and trade union leader had previously contested 2015's gubernatorial race on behalf of the Movement for Sovereignty (MPS), which this time opted to run university professor Federico Zelada as its candidate.{{Cite news |date=2014-12-24 |title=MPS postula a 'El Mallku' a la gobernación de La Paz |language=es |work=UNITEL |publication-place=Santa Cruz de la Sierra |url=https://unitel.bo/noticias/mps-postula-a-el-mallku-a-la-gobernacion-de-la-paz_93593 |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220824221840/https://unitel.bo/noticias/mps-postula-a-el-mallku-a-la-gobernacion-de-la-paz_93593 |archive-date=2022-08-24}}{{Cite news |date=2021-02-07 |title=MPS acelera su campaña en provincias en carrera por la Gobernación y 86 alcaldías |language=es |work=ERBOL |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://erbol.com.bo/nacional/mps-acelera-su-campa%C3%B1a-en-provincias-en-carrera-por-la-gobernaci%C3%B3n-y-86-alcald%C3%ADas |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208012057/https://erbol.com.bo/nacional/mps-acelera-su-campa%C3%B1a-en-provincias-en-carrera-por-la-gobernaci%C3%B3n-y-86-alcald%C3%ADas |archive-date=2021-02-08}} Though Quispe was a member of his own front, Forward United People (APU)—led by his son, Santos Quispe—the party lacked legal registration, leading him to seek out an authorized organization willing to lend him its acronym.{{Cite news |last=Sánchez |first=César |date=2020-11-14 |title=El 'Mallku' anuncia su candidatura a la Gobernación de La Paz |language=es |work=Oxígeno |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://oxigeno.bo/pol%c3%adtica/45532 |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114225053/https://oxigeno.bo/pol%C3%ADtica/45532 |archive-date=2020-11-14}}{{Cite web |year=2021 |title=Biografía de Santos Quispe |url=https://www.waynamallku.com/santos-quispe-quispe |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220204020329/https://www.waynamallku.com/santos-quispe-quispe |archive-date=4 February 2022 |access-date=2022-02-03 |website=waynamallku.com |language=es |publication-place=La Paz}} In December, Santos Quispe sealed an alliance between APU and Jallalla La Paz of Leopoldo Chui, which agreed to nominate his father as its candidate.{{Cite news |last=Chuquimia |first=Leny |date=2021-02-21 |title=Ajeno a los medios y con El Mallku como gancho, Santos Quispe no presenta plan |language=es |work=Página Siete |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.paginasiete.bo/especial02/2021/2/21/ajeno-los-medios-con-el-mallku-como-gancho-santos-quispe-no-presenta-plan-285024.html |url-status=dead |access-date=2022-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220204130807/https://www.paginasiete.bo/especial02/2021/2/21/ajeno-los-medios-con-el-mallku-como-gancho-santos-quispe-no-presenta-plan-285024.html |archive-date=2022-02-04}}{{Cite news |date=2020-12-16 |title=El Mallku es candidato a gobernador de La Paz |language=es |work=Opinión |publication-place=Cochabamba |url=https://www.opinion.com.bo/articulo/escenario-politico1/mallku-es-candidato-gobernador-paz/20201216201438800161.html |url-status=live |access-date=2022-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220203074131/https://www.opinion.com.bo/articulo/escenario-politico1/mallku-es-candidato-gobernador-paz/20201216201438800161.html |archive-date=2022-02-03}}
Quispe quickly established himself as an early frontrunner in the opening weeks of the campaign, with Ciesmori's first opinion poll published in late January giving him a quarter of the popular vote, trailed by a multitude of opposing candidates.{{Cite news |last=Estremadoiro Flores |first=Ernesto |date=2021-01-24 |title=El fallecido 'Mallku' primero en la intención de voto en La Paz, el MAS en Cochabamba y Creemos en Santa Cruz |language=es |work=El Deber |publication-place=Santa Cruz de la Sierra |url=https://eldeber.com.bo/pais/el-fallecido-mallku-primero-en-la-intencion-de-voto-en-la-paz-el-mas-en-cochabamba-y-creemos-en-sant_217106 |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211025102054/https://eldeber.com.bo/pais/el-fallecido-mallku-primero-en-la-intencion-de-voto-en-la-paz-el-mas-en-cochabamba-y-creemos-en-sant_217106 |archive-date=2021-10-25}} By the time that poll was released, however, Quispe's prospects of attaining the governorship had been severely hampered, given that he was dead, having suffered from cardiac arrest a week prior.{{Cite news |last=Romano |first=Gabriel |date=2021-01-20 |title=Muere Felipe Quispe, el líder indígena que quiso ser presidente de Bolivia |language=es |work=Swissinfo |agency=EFE |location=La Paz |publication-place=Bern |url=https://www.swissinfo.ch/spa/bolivia-obituario_muere-felipe-quispe--el-l%C3%ADder-ind%C3%ADgena-que-quiso-ser-presidente-de-bolivia/46301588 |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220824232129/https://www.swissinfo.ch/spa/bolivia-obituario_muere-felipe-quispe--el-l%C3%ADder-ind%C3%ADgena-que-quiso-ser-presidente-de-bolivia/46301588 |archive-date=2022-08-24}} The Mallku's demise immediately put into question the electoral future of Jallalla, which was forced to seek an alternative candidate. Within a day of Quispe's death, his son, Santos, moved to "inherit" his father's candidacy, with APU's leadership announcing that it had selected him as the party's new nominee.{{Cite news |date=2021-01-21 |title=Perfilan a Santos Quispe como candidato sucesor de El Mallku |language=es |work=Página Siete |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.paginasiete.bo/nacional/2021/1/21/perfilan-santos-quispe-como-candidato-sucesor-de-el-mallku-281872.html |url-status=live |url-access=registration |access-date=2022-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220203063129/https://www.paginasiete.bo/nacional/2021/1/21/perfilan-santos-quispe-como-candidato-sucesor-de-el-mallku-281872.html |archive-date=2022-02-03}} Jallalla formally accepted the change on 2 February, following a meeting between representatives from all seventy-eight municipalities in which the organization had a presence.{{Cite news |date=2021-02-02 |title=El hijo de 'El Mallku' es proclamado como candidato para la gobernación de La Paz |language=es |work=Agencia de Noticias Fides |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.noticiasfides.com/nacional/politica/santos-quispe-reemplaza-a-34el-mallku-34-en-la-candidatura-para-la-gobernacion-de-la-paz-407997 |url-status=live |access-date=2022-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220204091149/https://www.noticiasfides.com/nacional/politica/santos-quispe-reemplaza-a-34el-mallku-34-en-la-candidatura-para-la-gobernacion-de-la-paz-407997 |archive-date=2022-02-04}}
= Movement for Socialism =
Within the Movement for Socialism, the candidate selection process operates under the framework of pluralism. Local party branches and affiliated social organizations are tasked with selecting pre-candidates, who are then evaluated by the party's leadership. The official nomination is a choice made solely by party leaders, together with allied social organizations.{{Cite news |last=Mamani Cayo |first=Yolanda |date=2020-11-28 |title=MAS suma seis precandidatos con miras a Alcaldía de La Paz |language=es |work=Página Siete |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.paginasiete.bo/nacional/mas-suma-seis-precandidatos-con-miras-a-alcaldia-de-la-paz-FGPS276366 |url-status=live |access-date=2022-07-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220726001212/https://www.paginasiete.bo/nacional/mas-suma-seis-precandidatos-con-miras-a-alcaldia-de-la-paz-FGPS276366 |archive-date=2022-07-26}} Just two prominent political leaders were presented as pre-candidates for the nomination. The first was Franklin Flores, a former member of the Chamber of Deputies, who was proclaimed by several agrarian workers' unions in his home province of Aroma, in addition to receiving the support of the Túpac Katari Peasant Federation.{{Cite news |date=2020-11-15 |title=En Ayo Ayo proponen al exdiputado Franklin Flores del MAS candidato a Gobernador de La Paz |language=es |work=ERBOL |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://erbol.com.bo/nacional/en-ayo-ayo-proponen-al-exdiputado-franklin-flores-del-mas-candidato-gobernador-de-la-paz |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201115213539/https://erbol.com.bo/nacional/en-ayo-ayo-proponen-al-exdiputado-franklin-flores-del-mas-candidato-gobernador-de-la-paz |archive-date=2020-11-15}} The second was Beimar Calep Mamani, the outgoing mayor of Palos Blancos, who enjoyed support from the Federation of Intercultural Communities of La Paz as well as various agrarian unions in the north of the department.
Early into the internal primary process, Flores established himself as the favorite to win the nomination, enjoying the support of party leader Evo Morales. The former president announced that Flores had been designated as the MAS's candidate on 14 December, a position officialized two weeks later. According to Morales, Flores' selection had been reached "almost by consensus",{{Cite news |date=2020-12-14 |title=Evo: Flores será candidato a la Gobernación de La Paz y Dockweiler a la alcaldía |language=es |work=Urgente.bo |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.urgente.bo/noticia/evo-flores-ser%C3%A1-candidato-la-gobernaci%C3%B3n-de-la-paz-y-dockweiler-la-alcald%C3%ADa |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201215000031/https://www.urgente.bo/noticia/evo-flores-ser%C3%A1-candidato-la-gobernaci%C3%B3n-de-la-paz-y-dockweiler-la-alcald%C3%ADa |archive-date=2020-12-15}}{{Cite news |date=2020-12-27 |title=MAS elige a Franklin Flores como candidato a la Gobernación de La Paz |language=es |work=Urgente.bo |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://urgente.bo/noticia/mas-elige-franklin-flores-como-candidato-la-gobernaci%C3%B3n-de-la-paz |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220804014031/https://urgente.bo/noticia/mas-elige-franklin-flores-como-candidato-la-gobernaci%C3%B3n-de-la-paz |archive-date=2022-08-04}} a point denied by Mamani and the Intercultural Federation, with the former contending that Morales had been misinformed into believing that Flores was the only candidate in the running.{{Cite news |date=2020-12-23 |title=MAS: Interculturales tienen su candidato a gobernador paceño y piden a Evo convocar para definir |language=es |work=ERBOL |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://erbol.com.bo/nacional/mas-interculturales-tienen-su-candidato-gobernador-pace%C3%B1o-y-piden-evo-convocar-para-definir |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220804035949/https://erbol.com.bo/nacional/mas-interculturales-tienen-su-candidato-gobernador-pace%C3%B1o-y-piden-evo-convocar-para-definir |archive-date=2022-08-04}}{{Cite news |date=2020-12-23 |title=Mamani: A Evo le han hecho creer que Flores es el único candidato a gobernador en La Paz |language=es |work=Agencia de Noticias Fides |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.noticiasfides.com/nacional/politica/mamani-a-evo-le-han-hecho-creer-que-flores-es-el-unico-candidato-a-gobernador-en-la-paz-407564 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription |access-date=2022-08-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210108102938/https://www.noticiasfides.com/nacional/politica/mamani-a-evo-le-han-hecho-creer-que-flores-es-el-unico-candidato-a-gobernador-en-la-paz-407564 |archive-date=2021-01-08}} The dispute led Página Siete to later describe Flores as having been "chosen by Evo", a point he denied, pointing out that over 2,000 local communities had backed him before he won Morales' endorsement.{{Cite news |date=2021-04-04 |title=El elegido por Evo y el heredero de El Mallku, en duelo final por la Gobernación paceña |language=es |work=Página Siete |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.paginasiete.bo/nacional/el-elegido-por-evo-y-el-heredero-de-el-mallku-en-duelo-final-por-la-gobernacion-pacena-MJPS289612 |url-status=live |url-access=registration |access-date=2022-08-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220804062857/https://www.paginasiete.bo/nacional/el-elegido-por-evo-y-el-heredero-de-el-mallku-en-duelo-final-por-la-gobernacion-pacena-MJPS289612 |archive-date=2022-08-04}}
= Somos Pueblo =
Of the major gubernatorial candidates, Rafael Quispe had been in the race the longest, having established himself as a contender years in advance. Quispe's gubernatorial aspirations stemmed as far back as 2014 when he unsuccessfully sought the National Unity Front's nomination to contest the 2015 gubernatorial election.{{Cite news |last=Charca Huasco |first=Jorge |date=2017-11-13 |title=Concejales y gente del ex-MSM serán parte del nuevo partido de Quispe |language=es |work=El Alteño |url=http://www.elalteno.com.bo/ciudad/20171113/concejales-y-gente-del-ex-msm-seran-parte-del-nuevo-partido-de-quispe |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220807011714/http://www.elalteno.com.bo/ciudad/20171113/concejales-y-gente-del-ex-msm-seran-parte-del-nuevo-partido-de-quispe |archive-date=2022-08-07}} Since then, the former deputy and former head of the Indigenous Development Fund had worked on structuring his own political organization, touring the department's rural areas with a view toward gaining support to seek the governorship.{{Cite news |last=Carballo |first=María |date=2018-07-27 |title=Quispe se aleja de UD y lidera un grupo que busca la Gobernación |language=es |work=Página Siete |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.paginasiete.bo/nacional/quispe-se-aleja-de-ud-y-lidera-un-grupo-que-busca-la-gobernacion-MKPS188598 |url-status=live |url-access=registration |access-date=2022-08-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220805180222/https://www.paginasiete.bo/nacional/quispe-se-aleja-de-ud-y-lidera-un-grupo-que-busca-la-gobernacion-MKPS188598 |archive-date=2022-08-05}} In late 2018, he joined Venceremos, a newly legally registered civic group led by El Alto Municipal Councillor Óscar Huanca. Reports at the time indicated that the group had selected Quispe as its gubernatorial candidate.{{Cite news |date=2018-10-20 |title=Venceremos postulará a Huanca como alcalde de El Alto y a Rafael Quispe como Gobernador de La Paz |language=es |work=Urgente.bo |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.urgente.bo/noticia/venceremos-postular%C3%A1-huanca-como-alcalde-de-el-alto-y-rafael-quispe-como-gobernador-de-la |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220813014521/https://www.urgente.bo/noticia/venceremos-postular%C3%A1-huanca-como-alcalde-de-el-alto-y-rafael-quispe-como-gobernador-de-la |archive-date=2022-08-13}} By 2019, however, Quispe appeared to have moved away from Huanca, having instead founded his own political organization, Somos Pueblo.{{Cite news |date=2022-03-22 |title='Fui candidata del Tata Rafael Quispe, no del Negro Arias', afirma concejala de La Paz |language=es |work=Público.bo |publication-place=Santa Cruz de la Sierra |url=https://publico.bo/politica/concejala-de-la-paz-fui-la-candidata-del-tata-rafael-quispe-no-del-negro-arias/ |url-status=live |access-date=2022-07-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220325172835/https://publico.bo/politica/concejala-de-la-paz-fui-la-candidata-del-tata-rafael-quispe-no-del-negro-arias/ |archive-date=2022-03-25 |quote=Nosotros construimos Somos Pueblo hace tres años{{nbsp}}...}} Venceremos, in turn, opted instead to nominate Juan Choque, Felipe Quispe's son-in-law, as its candidate.{{Cite news |date=2020-12-21 |title=Venceremos postula al 'yerno de El Mallku' para la gobernación de La Paz y a Encinas a la alcaldía |language=es |work=Agencia de Noticias Fides |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.noticiasfides.com/nacional/politica/venceremos-postula-al-34yerno-de-el-mallku-34-para-la-gobernacion-de-la-paz-y-a-encinas-a-la-alcaldia-407543 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription |access-date=2022-08-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120145853/https://www.noticiasfides.com/nacional/politica/venceremos-postula-al-34yerno-de-el-mallku-34-para-la-gobernacion-de-la-paz-y-a-encinas-a-la-alcaldia-407543 |archive-date=2021-01-20}}
Quispe formally launched his gubernatorial campaign in September 2019, signing an alliance between Somos Pueblo and the Social Democratic Movement (MDS) to form Somos Pueblo Demócrata, a coalition that also included New Social Option (NOS), a small local party.{{Cite news |last=Ariñez |first=Rubén |date=2019-09-30 |title=Quispe lanza su candidatura para la Gobernación de La Paz por el frente Pueblo |language=es |work=La Razón |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.la-razon.com/nacional/2019/09/30/quispe-lanza-su-candidatura-para-la-gobernacion-de-la-paz-por-el-frente-pueblo/ |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220813170547/https://www.la-razon.com/nacional/2019/09/30/quispe-lanza-su-candidatura-para-la-gobernacion-de-la-paz-por-el-frente-pueblo/ |archive-date=2022-08-13}} As a result of the year-long delay in holding subnational elections, Quispe shelved his plans, relaunching the campaign in early November 2020.{{Cite news |last=Melendres Galvis |first=Miguel Angel |date=2020-11-04 |title=Tata Quispe renuncia a su viceministerio e inaugura su Casa de Campaña para las subnacionales |language=es |work=El Deber |publication-place=Santa Cruz de la Sierra |url=https://eldeber.com.bo/pais/tata-quispe-renuncia-a-su-viceministerio-e-inaugura-su-casa-de-campana-para-las-subnacionales_207404 |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201121050401/https://eldeber.com.bo/pais/tata-quispe-renuncia-a-su-viceministerio-e-inaugura-su-casa-de-campana-para-las-subnacionales_207404 |archive-date=2020-11-21}} For this run, Quispe joined forces with Iván Arias to form For the Common Good – Somos Pueblo (PBCSP), an alliance between their two political organizations. As both fronts lacked legal registration, the MDS again sponsored the alliance, joined this time by Suma Escoma. Arias and Quispe jointly officialized their candidacies for mayor and governor, respectively, on 28 December.{{Cite news |date=2020-12-25 |title=El TSE habilita a Somos Pueblo que postula a Rafael Quispe para la Gobernación de La Paz |language=es |work=UNITEL |agency=Agencia Boliviana de Información |publication-place=Santa Cruz de la Sierra |url=https://unitel.bo/politica/el-tse-habilita-a-somos-pueblo-que-postula-a-rafael-quispe-para-la-gobernacion-de-la-paz_140651 |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624055448/https://unitel.bo/politica/el-tse-habilita-a-somos-pueblo-que-postula-a-rafael-quispe-para-la-gobernacion-de-la-paz_140651 |archive-date=2021-06-24}}{{Cite news |date=2020-12-28 |title=Quispe y Arias lanzan en conjunto sus candidaturas con Somos Pueblo |language=es |work=Los Tiempos |agency=ERBOL |publication-place=Cochabamba |url=https://www.lostiempos.com/actualidad/pais/20201228/quispe-arias-lanzan-conjunto-sus-candidaturas-somos-pueblo |url-status=live |access-date=2022-07-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228152505/https://www.lostiempos.com/actualidad/pais/20201228/quispe-arias-lanzan-conjunto-sus-candidaturas-somos-pueblo |archive-date=2020-12-28}}
= Third System Movement =
For incumbent governor Félix Patzi—whose party, the MTS, had attained legal registration since becoming governor—the question of whether he would seek reelection remained pendant until the final weeks preceding candidate registration.{{Cite news |date=2018-11-01 |title=TSE otorga personalidad jurídica al MTS que habilita a Patzi como candidato presidencial |language=es |work=Opinión |publication-place=Cochabamba |url=https://www.opinion.com.bo/articulo/el-pais/tse-otorga-personalidad-jur-iacute-dica-mts-habilita-patzi-como-candidato-presidencial/20181101080200631310.html |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220826001633/https://www.opinion.com.bo/articulo/el-pais/tse-otorga-personalidad-jur-iacute-dica-mts-habilita-patzi-como-candidato-presidencial/20181101080200631310.html |archive-date=2022-08-26}} Patzi's most recent electoral endeavor had been his 2019 bid for the presidency, in which he attained a meager 3.18 percent in his home department.{{Cite web |year=2019 |title=Publicación de Resultados Nacionales: Elecciones Generales 2019 |url=https://www.oep.org.bo/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Separata_Resultados_Nacionales_EG_2019.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200524142746/https://www.oep.org.bo/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Separata_Resultados_Nacionales_EG_2019.pdf |archive-date=2020-05-24 |access-date=2022-06-02 |website=www.oep.org.bo |publisher=Plurinational Electoral Organ |language=es |pages=9}} In addition, Patzi's poor handling of the COVID-19 pandemic left much to be desired, leaving him vulnerable in a future second-term bid.{{Cite news |date=2021-03-08 |title=Gobernadores Patzi y Oliva pierden en la reelección |language=es |work=El Deber |publication-place=Santa Cruz de la Sierra |url=https://eldeber.com.bo/pais/gobernadores-patzi-y-oliva-pierden-en-la-reeleccion_223463 |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210805172309/https://eldeber.com.bo/pais/gobernadores-patzi-y-oliva-pierden-en-la-reeleccion_223463 |archive-date=2021-08-05}} Given these concerns, on 5 December, the MTS held a party conference to define whether or not Patzi would seek reelection.{{Cite news |date=2020-11-17 |title=El MTS definirá el 5 de diciembre si Patzi va por la reelección en la Gobernación paceña |language=es |work=UNITEL |publication-place=Santa Cruz de la Sierra |url=https://unitel.bo/politica/el-mts-definira-el-5-de-diciembre-si-patzi-va-por-la-reeleccion-en-la-gobernacion-pacena_137532 |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210923023517/https://unitel.bo/politica/el-mts-definira-el-5-de-diciembre-si-patzi-va-por-la-reeleccion-en-la-gobernacion-pacena_137532 |archive-date=2021-09-23}} The meeting, attended by party partisans and allied social organizations, concluded that Patzi's reelection was "necessary" in order to continue the public works projects initiated during his first term.{{Cite news |date=2020-12-06 |title=Según el MTS, organizaciones sociales piden a Félix Patzi buscar la relección a Gobernador de La Paz |language=es |work=ERBOL |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://erbol.com.bo/nacional/seg%C3%BAn-el-mts-organizaciones-sociales-piden-f%C3%A9lix-patzi-buscar-la-relecci%C3%B3n-gobernador-de-la |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201220094210/https://erbol.com.bo/nacional/seg%C3%BAn-el-mts-organizaciones-sociales-piden-f%C3%A9lix-patzi-buscar-la-relecci%C3%B3n-gobernador-de-la |archive-date=2020-12-20}}
= Other political organizations =
This election was noted for the high degree of indigenous representation on the ballot, with a majority of gubernatorial candidates being of some indigenous descent. According to analyst Marcelo Arequipa, the prevalence of indigenous candidates reflected the shifting voting demographics in the department. For the first time, the Aymara city of El Alto and not the capital of La Paz enjoyed a majority of registered voters, making it, together with the provinces, the key to winning the election.{{Cite news |date=2020-12-29 |title=La presencia indígena se impone en la carrera electoral hacia la Gobernación de La Paz |language=es |work=Bolivia.com |agency=Agencia Boliviana de Información |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.bolivia.com/actualidad/politica/presencia-indigena-se-impone-en-carrera-electoral-hacia-gobernacion-de-la-paz-290014 |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201229220649/https://www.bolivia.com/actualidad/politica/presencia-indigena-se-impone-en-carrera-electoral-hacia-gobernacion-de-la-paz-290014 |archive-date=2020-12-29}}{{Cite news |last=Mamani Cayo |first=Yolanda |date=2021-02-04 |title=El Alto gana a La Paz en votantes y es clave para elegir gobernador |language=es |work=Página Siete |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.paginasiete.bo/nacional/el-alto-gana-a-la-paz-en-votantes-y-es-clave-para-elegir-gobernador-MJPS283348 |url-status=live |url-access=registration |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220826195843/https://www.paginasiete.bo/nacional/el-alto-gana-a-la-paz-en-votantes-y-es-clave-para-elegir-gobernador-MJPS283348 |archive-date=2022-08-26}} Apart from the top four contenders—all ethnic Aymara—indigenous candidates running with minor fronts included Beatriz Álvarez. A chola Aymara, Álvarez had served as a La Paz municipal councillor on behalf of Sovereignty and Liberty (SOL.bo), the party that nominated her to seek the governorship.{{Cite news |date=2021-01-19 |title=Sol.bo presentó a Beatriz Álvarez como candidata a la Gobernación de La Paz |language=es |work=Urgente.bo |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://urgente.bo/noticia/solbo-present%C3%B3-beatriz-%C3%A1lvarez-como-candidata-la-gobernaci%C3%B3n-de-la-paz |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220826220932/https://urgente.bo/noticia/solbo-present%C3%B3-beatriz-%C3%A1lvarez-como-candidata-la-gobernaci%C3%B3n-de-la-paz |archive-date=2022-08-26}} Of the fourteen candidates, only Álvarez and one other individual—Assemblywoman Claudia Bravo of the National Unity Front (UN)—were women.{{Cite news |date=2020-12-30 |title=La Paz: UN inscribió a Claudia Bravo como candidata a la gobernación |language=es |work=Página Siete |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.paginasiete.bo/nacional/2020/12/30/la-paz-un-inscribio-claudia-bravo-como-candidata-la-gobernacion-279644.html |url-status=dead |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127100726/https://www.paginasiete.bo/nacional/2020/12/30/la-paz-un-inscribio-claudia-bravo-como-candidata-la-gobernacion-279644.html |archive-date=2021-01-27}}
Other candidates included Franclin Gutiérrez, who was invited to run by the Front for Victory (FPV). The cocalero activist had led the Departmental Association of Coca Producers (ADEPCOCA) and was noted for having been arrested during the Morales administration, spending fifteen months in preventative detention on dubious charges that were dropped in 2019.{{Cite news |date=2020-11-30 |title=FPV invita a Franclin Gutiérrez para postular a gobernador de La Paz |language=es |work=ERBOL |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://erbol.com.bo/nacional/fpv-invita-franclin-guti%C3%A9rrez-para-postular-gobernador-de-la-paz |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127062727/https://erbol.com.bo/nacional/fpv-invita-franclin-guti%C3%A9rrez-para-postular-gobernador-de-la-paz |archive-date=2021-01-27}}{{Cite news |date=2020-12-14 |title=FPV proclama a Franclin Gutiérrez como candidato a gobernador de La Paz |language=es |work=Los Tiempos |publication-place=Cochabamba |url=https://www.lostiempos.com/actualidad/pais/20201214/fpv-proclama-franclin-gutierrez-como-candidato-gobernador-paz |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225004954/https://www.lostiempos.com/actualidad/pais/20201214/fpv-proclama-franclin-gutierrez-como-candidato-gobernador-paz |archive-date=2020-12-25}} On behalf of Civic Community — Autonomies (C-A), Samuel Sea was presented as a candidate for the governorship. In the 2020 elections, Sea had been a candidate for deputy in La Paz's circumscription 16 and was the alliance's coordinator in the provinces. As with Felipe Quispe, Sea's candidacy was cut short after he died from complications related to COVID-19.{{Cite news |date=2021-01-16 |title=Muere por covid el candidato a la gobernación de La Paz por CC Samuel Sea Ilimuri |language=es |work=Urgente.bo |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://urgente.bo/noticia/muere-por-covid-el-candidato-la-gobernaci%C3%B3n-de-la-paz-por-cc-samuel-sea-ilimuri |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220826222641/https://urgente.bo/noticia/muere-por-covid-el-candidato-la-gobernaci%C3%B3n-de-la-paz-por-cc-samuel-sea-ilimuri |archive-date=2022-08-26}} Sea was replaced on the ballot by Mateo Laura, who had previously governed La Paz as prefect—the precursor to governor—between 2002 and 2003.{{Cite news |last=Tedesqui Vargas |first=Luis Marcelo |date=2021-02-04 |title=Mateo Laura, exprefecto, es el nuevo candidato a la Gobernación de La Paz |language=es |work=El Deber |publication-place=Santa Cruz de la Sierra |url=https://eldeber.com.bo/pais/mateo-laura-exprefecto-es-el-nuevo-candidato-a-la-gobernacion-de-la-paz_218531 |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204132409/https://eldeber.com.bo/pais/mateo-laura-exprefecto-es-el-nuevo-candidato-a-la-gobernacion-de-la-paz_218531 |archive-date=2021-02-04}}
Opinion polling
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| width = 600
| height = 300
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! rowspan=2 | Date(s) ! rowspan=2 | Pollster ! rowspan=2 | Client ! style="width:60px" | S. Quispe ! style="width:60px" | Flores ! style="width:60px" | R. Quispe ! style="width:60px" | Patzi ! style="width:60px" | {{tooltip|2=Franclin Gutiérrez|Gutiérrez|dotted=no}} ! style="width:60px" | {{tooltip|2=Beatriz Álvarez|Álvarez|dotted=no}} ! style="width:60px" | {{tooltip|2=Claudia Bravo|Bravo|dotted=no}} ! style="width:60px" | {{tooltip|2=Juan Choque|Choque|dotted=no}} ! style="width:60px" | {{tooltip|2=Rufo Calle|Calle|dotted=no}} ! style="width:60px" | C-A{{efn|Ciesmori 2–4: Mateo Laura ! style="width:60px" | {{tooltip|2=Julio Tito|Tito|dotted=no}} ! style="width:60px" | {{tooltip|2=Orlando Quispe|O. Quispe|dotted=no}} ! style="width:60px" | {{tooltip|2=Federico Zelada|Zelada|dotted=no}} ! style="width:60px" | {{tooltip|2=Santiago Quenta|Quenta|dotted=no}} ! style="width:60px" rowspan=2 | None ! style="width:60px" rowspan=2 | Lead |
| style="background:#FD0002;" |
| style="background:{{party color|Movement for Socialism (Bolivia)}};" | | style="background:#00C9B0;" | | style="background:{{party color|Third System Movement}};" | | style="background-color:#05654A;" | | style="background:#FCDD09;" | | style="background:{{party color|National Unity Front}};" | | style="background-color:#E02D33;" | | style="background-color:{{party color|Christian Democratic Party (Bolivia)}};" | | style="background:{{party color|Civic Community}};" | | style="background-color:#00AA49;" | | style="background:#E02D33;" | | style="background-color:{{party color|Movement for Sovereignty}};" | | style="background:#7102B9;" | |
| 7 Mar{{efn|name=fn2|Exit poll.}}
| [https://www.oep.org.bo/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Informe_Boca_Urna_CIESMORI_EDRM_2021.pdf Cisemori] | UNITEL | style="background:#FC7476 | 27.1% | style="background:#ADD8E6;" | 37.3% | 22.1% | 5.4% | 1.3% | 1.9% | 0.9% | 1.0% | 0.5% | 0.5% | 0.4% | 0.8% | 0.5% | 0.3% | {{CNone|N/A}} | style="background:{{party color|Movement for Socialism (Bolivia)}}; color:#FFFFFF;" data-sort-value="10.2%" | 10.2% |
| 7 Mar{{efn|name=fn2}}
| [https://www.oep.org.bo/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Resultados_Boca_Urna_Focaliza_EDRM_2021.xlsx Focaliza] | style="background:#FC7476 | 24.9% | style="background:#ADD8E6;" | 37.7% | 20.5% | 3.4% | 0.8% | 1.9% | 0.6% | 1.1% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.8% | 1.5% | 0.2% | 0.3% | 5.6%{{efn|Blank/None: 2% | style="background:{{party color|Movement for Socialism (Bolivia)}}; color:#FFFFFF;" data-sort-value="12.8%" | 12.8% |
| 25 Feb
| [https://www.oep.org.bo/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Informe-3ra-Medicion-CIESMORI-EDRM-2021.pdf Ciesmori] | UNITEL | style="background:#FC7476 | 17.0% | style="background:#ADD8E6;" | 23.3% | 16.7% | 4.7% | 1.6% | 0.9% | 0.5% | 0.5% | 0.6% | 0.8% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 33.1%{{efn|Blank/None: 6.2% | style="background:{{party color|Movement for Socialism (Bolivia)}}; color:#FFFFFF;" data-sort-value="6.3%" | 6.3% |
| 21 Feb
| [https://www.oep.org.bo/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Anexo3_Resultados_Focaliza_1.xlsx Focaliza] | style="background:#FC7476 | 17.4% | style="background:#ADD8E6;" | 21.2% | 16.5% | 10.2% | 2.7% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.4% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 30.4%{{efn|Blank/None: 9.5% | style="background:{{party color|Movement for Socialism (Bolivia)}}; color:#FFFFFF;" data-sort-value="3.8%" | 3.8% |
| 11 Feb
| [https://www.oep.org.bo/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Informe-2da-Medicion-EDRM-2021.pdf Ciesmori] | UNITEL | style="background:#FC7476 | 18.4% | style="background:#ADD8E6;" | 21.3% | 14.9% | 9.3% | 2.7% | 0.9% | 0.6% | 0.5% | {{CNone|N/A}} | 1.9% | 0.2% | 0.6% | 0.2% | 0.0% | 28.3%{{efn|Blank/None: 8.5% | style="background:{{party color|Movement for Socialism (Bolivia)}}; color:#FFFFFF;" data-sort-value="2.9%" | 2.9% |
| 24 Jan
| [https://www.oep.org.bo/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Informe-1ra-Medicion-EDRM-2021.pdf Ciesmori] | UNITEL | style="background:#FC7476 | 25.0%{{efn|Felipe Quispe.}} | style="background:#ADD8E6;" | 15.1% | 10.8% | 10.1% | 3.7% | 1.6% | 0.8% | 0.6% | {{CNone|N/A}} | 1.7% | {{CNone|N/A}} | 0.3% | {{CNone|N/A}} | 0.3% | 30.0%{{efn|Blank/None: 7.1% | style="background:#FD0002; color:#FFFFFF;" data-sort-value="9.9%" | 9.9% |
Results
= Gubernatorial =
The death of Felipe Quispe significantly shifted the competitive nature of the campaign. Speaking to Página Siete, Rafael Quispe predicted that the Mallku's departure would serve to aid the candidates in second and third place; that is, Flores and himself. "The MAS supporters who were going to vote for the Mallku will return to the MAS, and the people who were going to vote for the Mallku because he was against the MAS will return to Rafael", Quispe stated.{{Cite news |last=Romero |first=Daniela |date=2021-02-07 |title=Tata Quispe: 'Yo llego a la clase media y a los indios, es mi fortaleza' |language=es |work=Página Siete |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.paginasiete.bo/especial02/2021/2/7/tata-quispe-yo-llego-la-clase-media-los-indios-es-mi-fortaleza-283643.html |url-status=dead |access-date=2022-08-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228090234/https://www.paginasiete.bo/especial02/2021/2/7/tata-quispe-yo-llego-la-clase-media-los-indios-es-mi-fortaleza-283643.html |archive-date=2021-02-28 |quote=La gente del MAS que iba a votar por el Mallku va a volver al MAS y la gente que iba a votar por Mallku porque era contrario al MAS, va a volver a Rafael porque es opositor al MAS.}} By 11 February, Ciesmori's second opinion poll found that the "posthumous vote" had not significantly carried over to Santos Quispe, who moved down to second place, putting Flores in the lead.{{Cite news |last=Lizárraga |first=Paulo |date=2021-02-11 |title=Encuesta: Voto póstumo no ayuda a Santos; Franklin Flores sube al primer lugar |language=es |work=Página Siete |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.paginasiete.bo/nacional/encuesta-voto-postumo-no-ayuda-a-santos-franklin-flores-sube-al-primer-lugar-IJPS284149 |url-status=live |url-access=registration |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220826172855/https://www.paginasiete.bo/nacional/encuesta-voto-postumo-no-ayuda-a-santos-franklin-flores-sube-al-primer-lugar-IJPS284149 |archive-date=2022-08-26}} Flores maintained his slight edger over the opposition candidates for the remainder of the race, though not by a high enough percentage to circumvent a runoff, even when calculating the results without taking the undecided and null vote into account.{{Cite news |date=2021-02-26 |title=Encuesta: Franklin Flores sube en La Paz y el segundo lugar está casi empatado |language=es |work=UNITEL |publication-place=Santa Cruz de la Sierra |url=https://unitel.bo/asi-decidimos-2021/encuesta-franklin-flores-sube-en-la-paz-y-el-segundo-lugar-esta-casi-empatado_144076 |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220820060218/https://unitel.bo/asi-decidimos-2021/encuesta-franklin-flores-sube-en-la-paz-y-el-segundo-lugar-esta-casi-empatado_144076 |archive-date=2022-08-20}}
By election night, however, exit polling conducted by Ciesmori and Focaliza indicated a surge in MAS support, granting Flores nearly forty percent of the vote with an over ten-point lead above his closest competitor.{{Cite news |date=2021-03-07 |title=Franklin Flores gana en primera vuelta la Gobernación de La Paz, pero habría balotaje |language=es |work=El País |publication-place=Tarija |url=https://elpais.bo/nacional/20210307_franklin-flores-gana-en-primera-vuelta-la-gobernacion-de-la-paz-pero-habria-balotaje.html |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421171957/https://elpais.bo/nacional/20210307_franklin-flores-gana-en-primera-vuelta-la-gobernacion-de-la-paz-pero-habria-balotaje.html |archive-date=2021-04-21}} The margin was substantial enough for Red UNO to call the race for Flores, believing that with the remaining votes, he would be able to avoid a second round.{{Cite news |date=2021-03-08 |title=Conteo rápido: Franklin Flores sería el nuevo Gobernador de La Paz |language=es |work=Red UNO |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.reduno.com.bo/noticias/conteo-rapido-franklin-flores-seria-el-nuevo-gobernador-de-la-paz--202138151334 |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220126224153/https://www.reduno.com.bo/noticias/conteo-rapido-franklin-flores-seria-el-nuevo-gobernador-de-la-paz--202138151334 |archive-date=2022-01-26}} With that, Flores himself declared victory, as did Morales. For his part, Santos Quispe decried fraud, alleging irregularities in the vote counting process, for which his supporters installed vigils outside the Departmental Electoral Tribunal (TED)'s facilities.{{Cite news |date=2021-03-07 |title=Flores se declara ganador y dice que trabajará con 'hechos y no con palabras' |language=es |work=Página Siete |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.paginasiete.bo/nacional/flores-se-declara-ganador-y-dice-que-trabajara-con-hechos-y-no-con-palabras-MJPS286684 |url-status=live |url-access=registration |access-date=2022-08-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220820165342/https://www.paginasiete.bo/nacional/flores-se-declara-ganador-y-dice-que-trabajara-con-hechos-y-no-con-palabras-MJPS286684 |archive-date=2022-08-20}}{{Cite news |date=2021-03-10 |title=Santos Quispe teme fraude en el cómputo en La Paz y mantiene vigilia en el TED |language=es |work=Los Tiempos |agency=Agencia de Noticias Fides |publication-place=Cochabamba |url=https://www.lostiempos.com/actualidad/pais/20210310/santos-quispe-teme-fraude-computo-paz-mantiene-vigilia-ted |url-status=live |access-date=2022-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210315231642/https://www.lostiempos.com/actualidad/pais/20210310/santos-quispe-teme-fraude-computo-paz-mantiene-vigilia-ted |archive-date=15 March 2021}} In the ensuing days, the ongoing vote count narrowed the race, placing Flores' victory in uncertainty. A week after the election, the TED released its final tabulation, giving Flores 39.7 percent of the first round vote, leaving him just three-tenths of a percent shy of winning the governorship outright and setting off a runoff in the department.{{Cite news |date=2021-03-14 |title=A Franklin Flores le faltó décimas e irá a segunda vuelta con Santos Quispe |language=es |work=ERBOL |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://erbol.com.bo/nacional/franklin-flores-le-falt%C3%B3-d%C3%A9cimas-e-ir%C3%A1-segunda-vuelta-con-santos-quispe |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220818034015/https://erbol.com.bo/nacional/franklin-flores-le-falt%C3%B3-d%C3%A9cimas-e-ir%C3%A1-segunda-vuelta-con-santos-quispe |archive-date=2022-08-18}}
With the second round underway, both Flores and Quispe went about shoring up their bases of support in the department, with Flores seeking to solidify the MAS vote in the provinces while Quispe campaigned in the capital.{{Cite news |last=Aramayo |first=Viviana |date=2021-04-05 |title=Franklin Flores busca últimos votos en provincias y Santos Quispe en la zona Sur |language=es |work=La Octava |url=https://laoctavabo.com/2021/04/05/franklin-flores-busca-ultimos-votos-en-provincias-y-santos-quispe-en-la-zona-sur/ |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220820172843/https://laoctavabo.com/2021/04/05/franklin-flores-busca-ultimos-votos-en-provincias-y-santos-quispe-en-la-zona-sur/ |archive-date=2022-08-20}} Both contenders also sought out alliances with other parties, with Flores attaining the support of the Bolivian National Action Party (PAN-BOL) and, more importantly, the MTS of outgoing governor Félix Patzi.{{Cite news |date=2021-03-16 |title=Jallalla La Paz y el MAS buscan nuevas alianzas para la segunda vuelta por la Gobernación paceña |language=es |work=UNITEL |publication-place=Santa Cruz de la Sierra |url=https://unitel.bo/asi-decidimos-2021/jallalla-la-paz-y-el-mas-buscan-nuevas-alianzas-para-la-segunda-vuelta-por-la-gobernacion-pacena_145183 |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210316175630/https://unitel.bo/asi-decidimos-2021/jallalla-la-paz-y-el-mas-buscan-nuevas-alianzas-para-la-segunda-vuelta-por-la-gobernacion-pacena_145183 |archive-date=2021-03-16}}{{Cite news |date=2021-03-29 |title=MTS y PAN-Bol deciden apoyar al MAS en el balotaje por el menosprecio de Santos Quispe |language=es |work=Agencia de Noticias Fides |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.noticiasfides.com/nacional/politica/mts-y-pan-bol-deciden-apoyar-a-franklin-flores-porque-fueron-menospreciados-por-santos-quispe-408919 |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210423041858/https://www.noticiasfides.com/nacional/politica/mts-y-pan-bol-deciden-apoyar-a-franklin-flores-porque-fueron-menospreciados-por-santos-quispe-408919 |archive-date=2021-04-23}} According to analysts, Flores' main obstacle in reaching the governorship was surviving the vote in the city of La Paz, the only municipality that had not been won by either of the top two contenders, having lent its support to Rafael Quispe.{{Cite news |date=2021-04-05 |title=Segunda vuelta: ¿Cuáles son los escenarios posibles en las cuatro gobernaciones en juego? |language=es |work=Correo del Sur |publication-place=Sucre |url=https://correodelsur.com/local/20210405_segunda-vuelta-cuales-son-los-escenarios-posibles-en-las-cuatro-gobernaciones-en-juego.html |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210621164014/https://correodelsur.com/local/20210405_segunda-vuelta-cuales-son-los-escenarios-posibles-en-las-cuatro-gobernaciones-en-juego.html |archive-date=2021-06-21}}{{Cite news |last=Quiroga |first=José Luis |date=2021-04-07 |title=Entre contradicciones y soberbia |language=es |work=Agencia Boliviana de Información |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://abi.bo/index.php/categoria-columnistas/4332-entre-contradicciones-y-soberbia |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220820173235/https://abi.bo/index.php/categoria-columnistas/4332-entre-contradicciones-y-soberbia |archive-date=2022-08-20}} For his part, Quispe expressed his dissatisfaction with both candidates, considering them "the same" and announcing his intent to vote null. His party, Somos Pueblo, similarly refused to endorse either the MAS or JALLALLA, encouraging supporters to make their own choice.{{Cite news |last=Condori |first=Edwin |date=2021-04-06 |title=Rafael Quispe votará nulo porque cree que Santos Quispe y Franklin Flores 'son lo mismo' |language=es |work=La Razón |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.la-razon.com/nacional/2021/04/06/rafael-quispe-votara-nulo-porque-cree-que-santos-quispe-y-franklin-flores-son-lo-mismo/ |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428194306/https://www.la-razon.com/nacional/2021/04/06/rafael-quispe-votara-nulo-porque-cree-que-santos-quispe-y-franklin-flores-son-lo-mismo/ |archive-date=2021-04-28}} For columnist José Luis Quiroga, Flores' chances of winning relied on whether voters in the capital switched their support to Santos Quispe—which was not a given—or opted instead to sit out the runoff.
Ultimately, a majority of voters in the second round broke for Quispe, who defeated Flores by a margin of 55.23 percent to Flores' 44.77.{{Cite news |date=2021-04-26 |title=La Paz completa el cómputo en segunda vuelta: Santos Quispe vence en la gobernación y el MAS en la Asamblea |language=es |work=El Deber |publication-place=Santa Cruz de la Sierra |url=https://eldeber.com.bo/la-paz/la-paz-completa-el-computo-en-segunda-vuelta-santos-quispe-vence-en-la-gobernacion-y-el-mas-en-la-as_229474 |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210426131253/https://eldeber.com.bo/la-paz/la-paz-completa-el-computo-en-segunda-vuelta-santos-quispe-vence-en-la-gobernacion-y-el-mas-en-la-as_229474 |archive-date=2021-04-26}} Though voting was repeated on 25 April at four polling centers in El Alto and La Paz, the results, constituting 00.04 percent of the total vote, did not sway the election.{{Cite news |last=Chuquimia |first=Marco Antonio |date=2021-04-14 |title=Segunda vuelta: La Paz repetirá elecciones en cuatro mesas el 25 de abril |language=es |work=El Deber |publication-place=Santa Cruz de la Sierra |url=https://eldeber.com.bo/pais/segunda-vuelta-la-paz-repetira-elecciones-en-cuatro-mesas-el-25-de-abril_228096 |url-status=live |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220820172424/https://eldeber.com.bo/pais/segunda-vuelta-la-paz-repetira-elecciones-en-cuatro-mesas-el-25-de-abril_228096 |archive-date=2022-08-20}}
{{Election results
|cand1=Santos Quispe|party1=Jallalla La Paz|votes1=392132|votes1_2=831816|color1=#FD0002
|cand2=Franklin Flores|party2=Movement for Socialism|votes2=618221|votes2_2=674220
|cand3=Rafael Quispe|party3=For the Common Good – Somos Pueblo|Somos Pueblo{{efn|name=fn1}}|votes3=349384|color3=#00C9B0
|cand4=Félix Patzi|party4=Third System Movement|votes4=67948
|cand5=Franclin Gutiérrez|party5=Front for Victory|votes5=23517|color5=#05654A
|cand6=Beatriz Álvarez|party6=Sovereignty and Liberty|votes6=22626|color6=#FCDD09
|cand7=Claudia Bravo|party7=National Unity Front|votes7=21331
|cand8=Juan Choque|party8=Venceremos|votes8=16314|color8=#E02D33
|cand9=Rufo Calle|party9=Christian Democratic Party|votes9=11033
|cand10=Mateo Laura|party10=Civic Community – Autonomies|votes10=8578
|cand11=Julio Tito|party11=Patriotic Social Alliance|votes11=7944
|cand12=Orlando Quispe|party12=Bolivian National Action Party|votes12=6886
|cand13=Federico Zelada|party13=Movement for Sovereignty|votes13=6269
|cand14=Santiago Quenta|party14=For my La Paz – United Invincible{{efn|name=xlpui|Coalition between Libre 21 and the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement.}}|votes14=5025|color14=#7102B9
|invalid=166378|invalid2=115092
|electorate=1950428|electorate2=1947828
|source=Plurinational Electoral Organ {{!}} Electoral Atlas{{Cite web |title=Elecciones Gobernadores 2021 {{!}} Atlas Electoral |url=https://atlaselectoral.oep.org.bo/#/sub_proceso/111/36/3 |access-date=2022-06-05 |website=atlaselectoral.oep.org.bo |publisher=Plurinational Electoral Organ |language=es |publication-place=La Paz}}{{Cite web |title=Elecciones Gobernadores 2021 (Segunda Vuelta) {{!}} Atlas Electoral |url=https://atlaselectoral.oep.org.bo/#/sub_proceso/122/36/3 |access-date=2022-06-05 |website=atlaselectoral.oep.org.bo |publisher=Plurinational Electoral Organ |language=es |publication-place=La Paz}}
}}
= Legislative Assembly =
File:La Paz Legislative Assembly election results 2021.svg{{Multiple image
| total_width = 280
| image1 = La Paz Departmental Assembly Election Results 2021 (Uninominal).svg
| image2 = La Paz Departmental Assembly Election Results 2021 (Plurinominal).svg
| footer = Legislative results by single-member district (left) and party-list (right).
}}
{{Election results
|firstround=Party-list seats|secondround=Single-member seats
|party1=Movement for Socialism|votes1=420265|seats1=9|votes1_2=500145|seats1_2=16|totseats1=25
|party2=Jallalla La Paz|votes2=258733|seats2=6|votes2_2=284501|seats2_2=2|totseats2=8|color2=#FD0002
|party3=For the Common Good – Somos Pueblo|Somos Pueblo{{efn|name=fn1}}|votes3=222170|seats3=5|votes3_2=250750|totseats3=5|color3=#00C9B0
|party4=Third System Movement|votes4=34745|votes4_2=55800|seats4_2=1|totseats4=1
|party5=Sovereignty and Liberty|votes5=27650|votes5_2=25858|seats5_2=1|totseats5=1|color5=#FCDD09
|party6=Venceremos|votes6=20380|votes6_2=26385|color6=#E02D33
|party7=National Unity Front|votes7=17558|votes7_2=11560
|party8=Civic Community – Autonomies|votes8=12262|votes8_2=26154
|party9=Front for Victory|votes9=11945|votes9_2=10714|color9=#05654A
|party10=Patriotic Social Alliance|votes10=11192|votes10_2=15371
|party11=Movement for Sovereignty|votes11=9314|votes11_2=17076
|party12=Christian Democratic Party|votes12=6326|votes12_2=139
|party13=Bolivian National Action Party|votes13=5512|votes13_2=6674
|party14=For my La Paz – United Invincible{{efn|name=xlpui}}|votes14=6402|votes14_2=3917|color14=#7102B9
|row15=Indigenous seats|totseats15=5
|invalid=657015|invalid2=487988
|electorate=1950428|electorate2=1950428
|source=Plurinational Electoral Organ {{!}} Electoral Atlas{{Cite web |title=Elecciones de Asambleístas por Territorio 2021 {{!}} Atlas Electoral |url=https://atlaselectoral.oep.org.bo/#/sub_proceso/113/36/3 |access-date=2022-06-05 |website=atlaselectoral.oep.org.bo |publisher=Plurinational Electoral Organ |language=es |publication-place=La Paz}}{{Cite web |title=Elecciones de Asambleístas por Población 2021 {{!}} Atlas Electoral |url=https://atlaselectoral.oep.org.bo/#/subproceso/112/36/3 |access-date=2022-06-05 |website=atlaselectoral.oep.org.bo |publisher=Plurinational Electoral Organ |language=es |publication-place=La Paz}}
}}
Aftermath
Quispe was formally accredited as governor-elect by the TED on 28 April, and within hours of receiving his credentials, broke his pact with Jallalla, announcing his intent to solidify APU as a political force.{{Cite news |last=Luna |first=Pedro |date=2021-04-28 |title=Quispe rompe con Jallalla y lanza APU; Chui le conmina a cumplir el acuerdo político |language=es |work=La Razón |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.la-razon.com/nacional/2021/04/28/quispe-rompe-con-jallalla-y-lanza-apu-chui-le-conmina-a-cumplir-el-acuerdo-politico/ |url-status=live |access-date=2022-02-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515231454/https://www.la-razon.com/nacional/2021/04/28/quispe-rompe-con-jallalla-y-lanza-apu-chui-le-conmina-a-cumplir-el-acuerdo-politico/ |archive-date=2021-05-15}}{{Cite news |date=2021-04-28 |title=Santos Quispe rompe alianza con Jallalla La Paz |language=es |work=Los Tiempos |agency=ERBOL |publication-place=Cochabamba |url=https://www.lostiempos.com/actualidad/pais/20210428/santos-quispe-rompe-alianza-jallalla-paz |url-status=live |access-date=2022-02-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220118204833/https://www.lostiempos.com/actualidad/pais/20210428/santos-quispe-rompe-alianza-jallalla-paz |archive-date=2022-01-18}} Quispe's actions led Chui to denounce him as a "traitor," and the governor was formally expelled from Jallalla on 10 May, seven days after his formal inauguration.{{Cite news |date=2021-05-10 |title=Expulsan a Santos Quispe de Jallalla por 'traidor', anuncian acciones legales y revocatorio |language=es |work=Agencia de Noticias Fides |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.noticiasfides.com/nacional/politica/expulsan-a-santos-quispe-de-jallalla-por-34traidor-34-anuncian-acciones-legales-y-revocatorio-409633 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription |access-date=2022-02-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220204094859/https://www.noticiasfides.com/nacional/politica/expulsan-a-santos-quispe-de-jallalla-por-34traidor-34-anuncian-acciones-legales-y-revocatorio-409633 |archive-date=2022-02-04}} The dispute precipitated a fraught tenure for Quispe, whose term was marked by a series of controversies, kicking off within his first few months in office.{{Cite news |last=Segales |first=Erika |date=2021-05-27 |title=En un mes, el gobernador Quispe estuvo envuelto en 7 polémicas |language=es |trans-title=In one month, Governor Quispe was involved in 7 scandals |work=Página Siete |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.paginasiete.bo/nacional/2021/5/27/en-un-mes-el-gobernador-quispe-estuvo-envuelto-en-polemicas-296300.html |url-status=live |url-access=subscription |access-date=2022-02-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220204100601/https://www.paginasiete.bo/nacional/2021/5/27/en-un-mes-el-gobernador-quispe-estuvo-envuelto-en-polemicas-296300.html |archive-date=4 February 2022}} By mid-2023, mounting scandals, including an arrest for public intoxication and an investigation into rape allegations,{{Cite news |date=2022-02-03 |title=Detención domiciliaria, arraigo y fianza de Bs 70 mil para el gobernador Santos Quispe |language=es |trans-title=House arrest, travel ban, and bail of Bs{{nbsp}}70,000 for Governor Santos Quispe |work=Correo del Sur |publication-place=Sucre |url=https://correodelsur.com/seguridad/20220203_detencion-domiciliaria-arraigo-y-fianza-de-bs-70-mil-para-el-gobernador-santos-quispe.html |url-status=live |access-date=2022-02-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220204045820/https://correodelsur.com/seguridad/20220203_detencion-domiciliaria-arraigo-y-fianza-de-bs-70-mil-para-el-gobernador-santos-quispe.html |archive-date=4 February 2022}}{{Cite news |last=Góngora |first=Boris |date=2023-05-15 |title=Fiscalía cita para este jueves al gobernador Santos Quispe por el delito de violación |language=es |trans-title=Prosecutor's Office summons Governor Santos Quispe for this Thursday for the crime of rape |work=La Razón |publication-place=La Paz |url=https://www.la-razon.com/nacional/2023/05/15/fiscalia-cita-para-este-jueves-al-gobernador-santos-quispe-por-el-delito-de-violacion/ |url-status=live |access-date=2023-06-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230612215730/https://www.la-razon.com/nacional/2023/05/15/fiscalia-cita-para-este-jueves-al-gobernador-santos-quispe-por-el-delito-de-violacion/ |archive-date=2023-06-12}} among others, had caused the governor's public approval to plummet,{{Cite news |date=2021-10-21 |title=Cruceños y la Llajta aprueban el trabajo de sus gobernadores, según encuesta |language=es |trans-title=Cruceños and the Llajta approve of the work of their governors, according to poll |work=Opinión |publication-place=Cochabamba |url=https://www.opinion.com.bo/articulo/pais/santa-cruz-cochabamba-aprueban-trabajo-gobernadores-quispe-convence-paz-encuesta/20211021214505840042.html |url-status=live |access-date=2023-06-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221007020552/https://www.opinion.com.bo/articulo/pais/santa-cruz-cochabamba-aprueban-trabajo-gobernadores-quispe-convence-paz-encuesta/20211021214505840042.html |archive-date=2022-10-07}} with multiple fronts actively soliciting a recall referendum again him.{{Cite news |date=2023-03-21 |title=Wayna Mallku no tiene miedo al revocatorio |language=es |trans-title=Wayna Mallku doesn't fear recall |work=El Alteño |publication-place=El Alto |url=http://www.elalteno.com.bo/ciudad/20230321/wayna-mallku-no-tiene-miedo-al-revocatorio |url-status=live |access-date=2023-06-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230321224808/http://www.elalteno.com.bo/ciudad/20230321/wayna-mallku-no-tiene-miedo-al-revocatorio |archive-date=2023-03-21}}
References
= Notes =
{{Notelist|30em}}
= Footnotes =
{{Reflist}}
= Bibliography =
{{Refbegin|50em|indent=yes}}
- {{Cite journal |last=Ascarrunz |first=Julio |url=https://reformaspoliticas.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/10.-Revista-Elecciones-21_Julio-Ascarrunz.pdf |title=Elecciones Subnacionales Bolivia 2021: Resultados en Clave de Representación Política |publisher=Oficina Nacional de Procesos Electorales |year=2021 |volume=20 |location=Lima |pages=261–271 |language=es |doi=10.53557/Elecciones.2021.v20n21 |issn=1994-5272 |doi-access=free |issue=21 |journal=Revista Elecciones}}
- {{Cite book|ref={{harvid|Souverein|Exeni Rodríguez|2022}} |author=Fundación Friedrich Ebert |url=https://library.fes.de/pdf-files/bueros/bolivien/18807.pdf |title=(Re)configuración del Campo Político en Bolivia: Balance y Horizontes del Ciclo Electoral 2020–2021 |publisher=Plural Editores |year=2022 |isbn=978-9917-605-32-4 |editor-last=Souverein |editor-first=Jan |edition=1st |location=La Paz |language=es |editor-last2=Exeni Rodríguez |editor-first2=José Luis}}
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