Social Democratic Movement
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Short description|Political party in Bolivia}}
{{Infobox political party
| colorcode = {{party color|Social Democratic Movement}}
| name = Social Democratic Movement
| native_name = Movimiento Demócrata Social
| logo = Democrat Social Movement logo.png
| leader1_title = President
| leader1_name = Ruben Costas Aguilera
| foundation = {{Start date and age|df=yes|2013|12|15}}
| predecessor = Popular Consensus
| headquarters = Cochabamba
| ideology = Conservatism{{Citation |last=Raffa |first=Valentina |title="Una super madre al poder". Representation and positioning of a woman political leader in the Bolivian case of the ex-president Jeanine Añez |date=2021 |url=https://iris.unime.it/handle/11570/3215116 |access-date=2025-02-18 |publisher=ITA |isbn=978-88-944888-8-3 |quote=She’s leader of the conservative, right-wing populist, and neoliberist-oriented party “Movimiento democrata social”; she’s a Catholic and white lawyer com-ing from the upper middle class and she introduces herself as a woman aware of her gender identity and who has embodied some principles of feminism, joining them with nationalist and liberal positions. |last2=Cammarota |first2=Antonella}}
Right-wing populism
Neoliberalism
Ultranationalism{{Cite journal |last=Matamoros-Becerra |first=Javier |date=2024-12-01 |title=Economic Stances of Ultranationalist Parties in Western Europe |url=https://doaj.org/article/a853559200b64e029ec0b38817b2ec8f |journal=methaodos.revista de ciencias sociales |language=en |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=m241202a09–m241202a09 |doi=10.17502/mrcs.v12i2.814 |issn=2340-8413|doi-access=free }}
Regionalism{{Cite book |editor-first=Tom |editor-last=Lansford |title=Political Handbook of the World 2014 |page=156 |isbn=9781483386263}}
| position = Right-wing{{cite book |access-date=2024-03-16 |date=2017 |editor-first=Jennifer |editor-last=Cyr |pages=176–200 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |title=The Difficulties of Survival and Revival in a Hyper-Fluid Party System: Bolivia after 2005 |doi=10.1017/9781316995723.007 |isbn=978-1-107-18979-9 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/fates-of-political-parties/difficulties-of-survival-and-revival-in-a-hyperfluid-party-system/C9089C7423BAFB4BA3F4B4752FD2FFA6}}{{cite web |author1=European Parliamentary Research Service |title=Bolivia: political parties |url=http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/ATAG/2015/556977/EPRS_ATA(2015)556977_EN.pdf |publisher=European Parliamentary Research Service |accessdate=14 November 2019 |page=2 |date=April 2015}} to far-right{{cite book |access-date=2024-03-04 |last=Velásquez |date=2023-06-09 |first=Alejo Vargas |language=es |publisher=Universidad Nacional de Colombia |title=Las Relaciones de las Fuerzas Militares y de Policía en América Latina |isbn=978-958-505-311-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hXDFEAAAQBAJ&q=%22Movimiento+democrata+social%22%22ultraderecha%22}}{{cite book |access-date=2024-03-04 |last1=Souverein |last2=R |date=2020 |first1=Jan |first2=José Luis Exeni |language=es |publisher=Friedrich Ebert Stiftung |title=Nuevo mapa de actores en Bolivia: crisis, polarización e incertidumbre (2019-2020) |isbn=978-9917-30-007-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ju6UzgEACAAJ}}{{cite journal |access-date=2024-03-04 |last=Bringel |date=2020-01-01 |first=Breno |periodical=Fundación Rosa Luxemburgo |title=(2020) Bolsonaro y el fin del ciclo democrático en Brasil |url=https://www.academia.edu/97795938}}
| international = International Democracy Union{{Cite web|url=https://www.idu.org/members/|title = Members | International Democrat Union|date = February 2018}}
| affiliation1_title = Regional affiliation
| affiliation1 = Union of Latin American Parties{{Cite web|url=http://uplalatinoamerica.org/partidos-miembros/|title=Partidos Miembros|access-date=6 July 2020|archive-date=31 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331204506/http://uplalatinoamerica.org/partidos-miembros/|url-status=dead}}
Christian Democrat Organization of America
| colours = {{Color box|{{party color|Social Democrat Movement}}|border=darkgray}} {{Color box|#FFFFFF|border=darkgray}} {{Color box|#FFBF00|border=darkgray}} Green, white, yellow
| seats1_title = Chamber of Deputies
| seats1 = {{Composition bar|0|130|hex={{party color|Social Democrat Movement}}}}
| seats2_title = Senate
| seats2 = {{Composition bar|0|36|hex={{party color|Social Democrat Movement}}}}
| website = {{URL|http://democratas.bo/}}
| country = Bolivia
}}
The Social Democratic Movement ({{langx|es|Movimiento Demócrata Social}}; MDS),{{Cite news|url=http://www.lostiempos.com/diario/actualidad/nacional/20130828/tse-inscribe-al-movimiento-democratas_226225_488572.html |title=TSE inscribe al Movimiento Demócratas |newspaper=Los Tiempos |date=28 August 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203000645/http://www.lostiempos.com/diario/actualidad/nacional/20130828/tse-inscribe-al-movimiento-democratas_226225_488572.html |archive-date=3 December 2013 }} often shortened to just the Democrats ({{langx|es|Demócratas}}), is a far-right political party in Bolivia founded in 2013 for the movement for greater autonomy for the eastern departments of the Media Luna.
History
Ruben Costas, governor of Santa Cruz department, announced the party's formation in March 2013.{{Cite news | last = Candori | first = Iván | title = Costas da forma a un nuevo partido | work = La Razón | access-date = 24 November 2013 | date = 29 March 2013 | url = http://www.la-razon.com/nacional/Costas-da-forma-nuevo-partido_0_1805219492.html |language=es }} Twenty leaders gathered to launch the party in April 2013, including Costas, Beni governor Carmelo Lens and his predecessor Ernesto Suarez, Senator Bernard Gutierrez (PPB-Cochabamba), and Cochabamba council member Ninoska Lazarte. The launch was hosted by Savina Cuéllar, the former prefect of Chuquisaca Department, who as of April 2013, was under house arrest facing charges for the 24 May 2008, violence in Sucre.{{Cite news | title = Lanzan Movimiento Demócrata Social | work = Los Tiempos | location = Cochabamba, Bolivia | access-date = 24 November 2013 | date = 25 April 2013 | url = http://www.lostiempos.com/diario/actualidad/nacional/20130425/lanzan-movimiento-democrata-social_210650_452256.html | language = es | df = dmy-all | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131202231130/http://www.lostiempos.com/diario/actualidad/nacional/20130425/lanzan-movimiento-democrata-social_210650_452256.html | archive-date = 2 December 2013 | url-status = dead }}
After a failed petition to legally merge the registration of Costas' Truth and Social Democracy (VERDES) party, Renewing Freedom and Democracy (Libertad y Democracia Renovadora; Líder), and Popular Consensus in June, the Supreme Electoral Tribunal authorized Popular Consensus to rename itself the Social Democratic Movement in August 2013.{{Cite news|title=TSE inscribe al Movimiento Demócratas |work=Los Tiempos |location=Cochabamba, Bolivia |access-date=24 November 2013 |date=28 August 2013 |url=http://www.lostiempos.com/diario/actualidad/nacional/20130828/tse-inscribe-al-movimiento-democratas_226225_488572.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203000645/http://www.lostiempos.com/diario/actualidad/nacional/20130828/tse-inscribe-al-movimiento-democratas_226225_488572.html |archive-date=3 December 2013 |language=es }}
MDS participated in the 2014 election in alliance with the National Unity Front (UN), supporting the presidential candidacy of Samuel Doria Medina, electing 4 Deputies and one senator.
For the 2019 election, MDS and UN again joined to form the Bolivia Says No alliance, nominating Senator Óscar Ortiz as its presidential candidate. Within two weeks, the two parties split over internal disagreements, with MDS moving forward as the alliance's sole leader.{{Cite web |title=Demócratas y UN rompen la alianza; Evo se inscribe y el PDC lleva a Jaime Paz {{!}} EL DEBER |url=https://eldeber.com.bo/bolivia/democratas-y-un-rompen-la-alianza-evo-se-inscribe-y-el-pdc-lleva-a-jaime-paz_58001 |access-date=20 June 2022 |website=eldeber.com.bo |date=29 November 2018 |language=es}}
Party member and opposition Senator Jeanine Áñez became interim president of Bolivia in November 2019, following protests caused by alleged electoral fraud which led to the resignation of the government of Evo Morales. This move was contested by senators for the Movement for Socialism (MAS), Morales' party, who were majority in the assembly and were not in attendance, and thus stated that the vote for interim president took place without a quorum.{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/nov/12/evo-morales-arrives-mexico-bolivia-power-vacuum|title=Bolivia: Jeanine Añez claims presidency after ousting of Evo Morales|location=La Paz|first1=Jo|last1=Tuckman|first2=Dan|last2=Collyns|date=13 November 2019|work=The Guardian|access-date=13 November 2019|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}} However, the decision was upheld by the Plurinational Constitutional Court, which stated that it followed the succession mechanism stated in the Constitution of Bolivia.{{Cite web|url=https://www.eldeber.com.bo/156411_anez-asume-la-presidencia-de-bolivia-ante-vacancia-y-aplicando-la-sucesion-constitucional|title=Áñez asume la Presidencia de Bolivia ante vacancia y aplicando la sucesión constitucional|trans-title=Áñez assumes the Presidency of Bolivia due to vacancy and applying the constitutional succession|website=El Deber|date=12 November 2019 |language=es|access-date=13 November 2019}}{{Cite web|url=https://eldeber.com.bo/156414_tcp-avala-sucesion-constitucional-en-la-presidencia|title=TCP avala sucesión constitucional en la Presidencia|trans-title=TCP endorses constitutional succession in the Presidency|website=El Deber|date=12 November 2019 |language=es|access-date=13 November 2019}}
Nevertheless, MAS maintains that Áñez's assumption to the presidency amounted to a coup d'état and in 2021 she was arrested under various charges relating to her assumption to the presidency.
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Bolivian political parties}}
{{International Democrat Union}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:2013 establishments in Bolivia
Category:Conservative liberal parties
Category:Conservative parties in Bolivia
Category:Liberal parties in Bolivia
Category:Political parties established in 2013
History
Ruben Costas, governor of Santa Cruz department, announced the party's formation in March 2013.{{Cite news | last = Candori | first = Iván | title = Costas da forma a un nuevo partido | work = La Razón | access-date = 24 November 2013 | date = 29 March 2013 | url = http://www.la-razon.com/nacional/Costas-da-forma-nuevo-partido_0_1805219492.html |language=es }} Twenty leaders gathered to launch the party in April 2013, including Costas, Beni governor Carmelo Lens and his predecessor Ernesto Suarez, Senator Bernard Gutierrez (PPB-Cochabamba), and Cochabamba council member Ninoska Lazarte. The launch was hosted by Savina Cuéllar, the former prefect of Chuquisaca Department, who as of April 2013, was under house arrest facing charges for the 24 May 2008, violence in Sucre.{{Cite news | title = Lanzan Movimiento Demócrata Social | work = Los Tiempos | location = Cochabamba, Bolivia | access-date = 24 November 2013 | date = 25 April 2013 | url = http://www.lostiempos.com/diario/actualidad/nacional/20130425/lanzan-movimiento-democrata-social_210650_452256.html | language = es | df = dmy-all | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131202231130/http://www.lostiempos.com/diario/actualidad/nacional/20130425/lanzan-movimiento-democrata-social_210650_452256.html | archive-date = 2 December 2013 | url-status = dead }}
After a failed petition to legally merge the registration of Costas' Truth and Social Democracy (VERDES) party, Renewing Freedom and Democracy (Libertad y Democracia Renovadora; Líder), and Popular Consensus in June, the Supreme Electoral Tribunal authorized Popular Consensus to rename itself the Social Democratic Movement in August 2013.{{Cite news|title=TSE inscribe al Movimiento Demócratas |work=Los Tiempos |location=Cochabamba, Bolivia |access-date=24 November 2013 |date=28 August 2013 |url=http://www.lostiempos.com/diario/actualidad/nacional/20130828/tse-inscribe-al-movimiento-democratas_226225_488572.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203000645/http://www.lostiempos.com/diario/actualidad/nacional/20130828/tse-inscribe-al-movimiento-democratas_226225_488572.html |archive-date=3 December 2013 |language=es }}
MDS participated in the 2014 election in alliance with the National Unity Front (UN), supporting the presidential candidacy of Samuel Doria Medina, electing 4 Deputies and one senator.
For the 2019 election, MDS and UN again joined to form the Bolivia Says No alliance, nominating Senator Óscar Ortiz as its presidential candidate. Within two weeks, the two parties split over internal disagreements, with MDS moving forward as the alliance's sole leader.{{Cite web |title=Demócratas y UN rompen la alianza; Evo se inscribe y el PDC lleva a Jaime Paz {{!}} EL DEBER |url=https://eldeber.com.bo/bolivia/democratas-y-un-rompen-la-alianza-evo-se-inscribe-y-el-pdc-lleva-a-jaime-paz_58001 |access-date=20 June 2022 |website=eldeber.com.bo |date=29 November 2018 |language=es}}
Party member and opposition Senator Jeanine Áñez became interim president of Bolivia in November 2019, following protests caused by alleged electoral fraud which led to the resignation of the government of Evo Morales. This move was contested by senators for the Movement for Socialism (MAS), Morales' party, who were majority in the assembly and were not in attendance, and thus stated that the vote for interim president took place without a quorum.{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/nov/12/evo-morales-arrives-mexico-bolivia-power-vacuum|title=Bolivia: Jeanine Añez claims presidency after ousting of Evo Morales|location=La Paz|first1=Jo|last1=Tuckman|first2=Dan|last2=Collyns|date=13 November 2019|work=The Guardian|access-date=13 November 2019|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}} However, the decision was upheld by the Plurinational Constitutional Court, which stated that it followed the succession mechanism stated in the Constitution of Bolivia.{{Cite web|url=https://www.eldeber.com.bo/156411_anez-asume-la-presidencia-de-bolivia-ante-vacancia-y-aplicando-la-sucesion-constitucional|title=Áñez asume la Presidencia de Bolivia ante vacancia y aplicando la sucesión constitucional|trans-title=Áñez assumes the Presidency of Bolivia due to vacancy and applying the constitutional succession|website=El Deber|date=12 November 2019 |language=es|access-date=13 November 2019}}{{Cite web|url=https://eldeber.com.bo/156414_tcp-avala-sucesion-constitucional-en-la-presidencia|title=TCP avala sucesión constitucional en la Presidencia|trans-title=TCP endorses constitutional succession in the Presidency|website=El Deber|date=12 November 2019 |language=es|access-date=13 November 2019}}
Nevertheless, MAS maintains that Áñez's assumption to the presidency amounted to a coup d'état and in 2021 she was arrested under various charges relating to her assumption to the presidency.
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Bolivian political parties}}
{{International Democrat Union}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:2013 establishments in Bolivia
Category:Conservative liberal parties
Category:Conservative parties in Bolivia
Category:Liberal parties in Bolivia
Category:Political parties established in 2013