2023 AV

{{Short description|Asteroid}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2023}}

{{Infobox planet

| minorplanet = yes

| name = 2023 AV

| background = #FFC2E0

| image =

| image_size =

| caption =

| discovery_ref =

| discoverer = Catalina Sky Survey

| discovery_site = Catalina Stn.

| discovered = 13 January 2023

| mpc_name = 2023 AV

| alt_names =

| mp_category = {{nowrap|NEO{{·}}Apollo}}

| orbit_ref =

| epoch = 25 February 2023 (JD 2460000.5)
(Post-flyby orbit)

| uncertainty = 7

| observation_arc = 17.9 hr

| earliest_precovery_date =

| aphelion = 1.583 AU

| perihelion = 0.683 AU

| time_periastron = 3 November 2022 @ 0.54AU

| semimajor = 1.133 AU

| eccentricity = 0.3972

| period = 1.21 yr (440.5 days)

| mean_anomaly = 84.426°

| mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.8173456|sup=ms}} / day

| inclination = 10.649°

| asc_node = 112.023°

| arg_peri = 265.681°

| moid = {{Convert|0.000146|AU|km LD|abbr=on}}

| mean_diameter = 2-5 meters (CNEOS)

| rotation =

| albedo =

| spectral_type =

| magnitude =

| abs_magnitude = {{val|30.587|0.365}}{{·}}30.66

}}

2023 AV is a near-Earth object that passed {{cvt|15551 ± 400|km|mi}} from the centerpoint of Earth around 12 January 2023 20:09 ± 00:05 UT. Since Earth has a radius of about {{cvt|6400|km|mi}}, it passed about {{cvt|9200|km|mi}} from the surface of Earth. The asteroid is about 2–5 meters in diameter. The asteroid came to perihelion (closest approach to the Sun) on 3 November 2022 and approached Earth from the direction of the Sun. It was first imaged by the Catalina Sky Survey on 13 January 2023 04:56, nine hours after closest approach. It was confirmed via the Near-Earth Object Confirmation Page and publicly announced by the Minor Planet Center 42.5 hours after closest approach or about 34 hours after the first image. An impact by this object would have been similar to {{mpl|2008 TC|3}}.

{{anchor|CA}}

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size: 0.9em;" |+2023 AV Closest Earth Approach on 2023-Jan-12 20:09 UT ! Date & time of closest approach ! Earth distance (AU) ! Sun distance (AU) ! Velocity wrt Earth (km/s) ! Velocity wrt Sun (km/s) ! Uncertainty region (3-sigma) ! Reference
2023-01-12 20:09 ± 00:05	{{Convert|0.000104|AU|km LD|abbr=unit|lk=on|sigfig=4}}	{{Convert|0.983|AU|e6km LD|abbr=unit}}	15.0	30.9	± 400 km	[https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272023+AV%27&START_TIME=%272023-01-12%2020:09%27&STOP_TIME=%272023-01-13%27&STEP_SIZE=%271%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%2719,20,22,39%27 Horizons]

The 2023 Earth approach lifted the orbit and increased the orbital period from 314 days to 440 days. This changed it from an Aten asteroid to an Apollo asteroid.

class=wikitable style="font-size: 0.9em;" |+Orbital Elements
valign=top ! Parameter ! Epoch ! Period (p) ! Aphelion (Q) ! Perihelion (q) ! Semi-major axis (a) ! Eccentricity (e) ! Inclination (i)
valign=top ! Units ! ! (days) !colspan=3|AU ! !(°)
align=center ! Pre-flyby | 2022-Oct-25 | 314.2	1.265	0.544	0.904	0.3983	12.34°
align=center ! Post-flyby | 2023-Feb-25 | 440.5	1.583	0.683	1.133	0.3972	10.65°