Apollo asteroid

File:Neo orbit types.jpgs (NEOs)]]

The Apollo asteroids are a group of near-Earth asteroids named after 1862 Apollo, discovered by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth in the 1930s. They are Earth-crossing asteroids that have an orbital semi-major axis greater than that of the Earth (a > 1 AU) but perihelion distances less than the Earth's aphelion distance (q < 1.017 AU).

{{As of|2025|01}}, the number of known Apollo asteroids is 21,083, making the class the largest group of near-Earth objects (cf. the Aten, Amor and Atira asteroids), of which 1,742 are numbered (asteroids are not numbered until they have been observed at two or more oppositions), 81 are named, and 2,130 are identified as potentially hazardous asteroids.{{cite web |title=Small-Body Database Query |url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/sbdb_query.html#!#results |website=Solar System Dynamics – Jet Propulsion Laboratory |publisher=NASA – California Institute of Technology |access-date=2025-01-17}}{{cite web |title=List of Apollo Minor Planets |url=https://minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/Apollos.html |website=IAU Minor Planet Center |publisher=Center for Astrophysics |access-date=2025-01-17}}

The closer their semi-major axis is to Earth's, the less eccentricity is needed for the orbits to cross. The Chelyabinsk meteor, that exploded over the city of Chelyabinsk in the southern Urals region of Russia on February 15, 2013, injuring an estimated 1,500 people with flying glass from broken windows, was an Apollo-class asteroid.

List

The largest known Apollo asteroid is 1866 Sisyphus, with a diameter of about 8.5 km. Examples of known Apollo asteroids include:

Designation ! Year ! Discoverer/First observed ^(A) ! Ref
class="wikitable sortable"
{{mpl\|2024 PT\|5}}	align=center \| 2024	ATLAS-SAAO	{{MPC\|2024+PT5}}
{{mpl\|2019 SU\|3}}	align=center \| 2019	ATLAS-HKO	{{MPC\|2019+SU3}}
{{mpl\|2016 WF\|9}}	align=center \| 2016	NEOWISE	{{MPC\|2016+WF9}}
{{mpl\|(671294) 2014 JO\|25}}	align=center \| 2014	CSS	{{MPC\|2014+JO25}}
{{mpl\|2013 FW\|13}}	align=center \| 2013	CSS	{{MPC\|2013+FW13}}
{{mpl\|2013 RH\|74}}	align=center \| 2013	CSS	{{MPC\|2013+RH74}}
{{mpl\|2011 MD}}	align=center \| 2011	LINEAR	{{MPC\|2011+MD}}^(B)
{{mpl\|2011 EO\|40}}	align=center \| 2011	CSS–Mount Lemmon Survey	{{MPC\|2011+EO40}}
{{mpl\|2010 AL\|30}}	align=center \| 2010	LINEAR	{{MPC\|2010+AL30}}
{{mpl\|(529366) 2009 WM\|1}}	align=center \| 2009	CSS	{{MPC\|2009+WM1}}
{{mpl\|2009 DD\|45}}	align=center \| 2009	Siding Spring Observatory, Australia	{{MPC\|2009+DD45}}
{{mpl\|(386454) 2008 XM}}	align=center \| 2008	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|386454\|List}}
{{mpl\|2008 TC\|3}}	align=center \| 2008	CSS	{{MPC\|2008+TC3}}
{{mpl\|2008 FF\|5}}	align=center \| 2008	CSS–Mount Lemmon Survey	{{MPC\|2008+TC3}}
{{mpl\|2007 VK\|184}}	align=center \| 2007	CSS	{{MPC\|2007+VK184}}
{{mpl\|2007 TU\|24}}	align=center \| 2007	CSS	{{MPC\|2007+TU24}}
{{mpl\|2007 WD\|5}}	align=center \| 2007	CSS	{{MPC\|2007+WD5}}
{{mpl\|2007 OX}}	align=center \| 2007	CSS–Mount Lemmon Survey	{{MPC\|2007+OX}}
{{mpl\|(277810) 2006 FV\|35}}	align=center \| 2006	Spacewatch	{{LoMP\|277810\|List}}
{{mpl\|(394130) 2006 HY\|51}}	align=center \| 2006	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|394130\|List}}
{{mpl\|(292220) 2006 SU\|49}}	align=center \| 2006	Spacewatch	{{LoMP\|292220\|List}}
{{mpl\|(308635) 2005 YU\|55}}	align=center \| 2005	R. S. McMillan, Steward Observatory, Kitt Peak, USA	{{LoMP\|308635\|List}}
{{mpl\|2005 WY\|55}}	align=center \| 2005	Mount Lemmon Survey	{{MPC\|2005+WY55}}
{{mpl\|2005 HC\|4}}	align=center \| 2005	LONEOS	{{MPC\|2005+HC4}}
{{mpl\|(612901) 2004 XP\|14}}	align=center \| 2004	LINEAR	{{MPC\|2004+XP14}}
{{mpl\|(374158) 2004 UL}}	align=center \| 2004	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|374158\|List}}
{{mpl\|(357439) 2004 BL\|86}}	align=center \| 2004	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|357439\|List}}
{{mpl\|(444004) 2004 AS\|1}}	align=center \| 2004	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|444004\|List}}
{{mpl\|2003 RW\|11}}	align=center \| 2003	James Whitney Young	{{MPC\|2003+RW11}}
{{mpl\|2003 BV\|35}}	align=center \| 2003	James Whitney Young	{{MPC\|2003+BV35}}
{{mpl\|(89958) 2002 LY\|45}}	align=center \| 2002	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|89958\|List}}
{{mpl\|(179806) 2002 TD\|66}}	align=center \| 2002	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|179806\|List}}
54509 YORP	align=center \| 2000	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|54509\|List}}
162173 Ryugu	align=center \| 1999	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|162173\|List}}
{{mpl\|(137108) 1999 AN\|10}}	align=center \| 1999	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|137108\|List}}
101955 Bennu	align=center \| 1999	LINEAR (Bennu is the target of the OSIRIS-REx mission)	{{LoMP\|101955\|List}}
{{mpl\|1998 KY\|26}}	align=center \| 1998	Spacewatch	{{MPC\|1998+KY26}}
{{mpl\|(433953) 1997 XR\|2}}	align=center \| 1997	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|433953\|List}}
65803 Didymos	align=center \| 1996	Spacewatch	{{LoMP\|65803\|List}}
69230 Hermes	align=center \| 1937	Karl Reinmuth	{{LoMP\|69230\|List}}
{{mpl\|(53319) 1999 JM\|8}}	align=center \| 1999	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|53319\|List}}
{{mpl\|(52760) 1998 ML\|14}}	align=center \| 1998	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|52760\|List}}
{{mpl\|(35396) 1997 XF\|11}}	align=center \| 1997	Spacewatch	{{LoMP\|35396\|List}}
25143 Itokawa	align=center \| 1998	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|25143\|List}}
(136617) 1994 CC	align=center \| 1994	Spacewatch	{{LoMP\|136617\|List}}
{{mpl\|(175706) 1996 FG\|3}}	align=center \| 1996	R. H. McNaught, Siding Spring Observatory, Australia	{{LoMP\|175706\|List}}
6489 Golevka	align=center \| 1991	Eleanor F. Helin	{{LoMP\|6489\|List}}
4769 Castalia	align=center \| 1989	Eleanor F. Helin	{{LoMP\|4769\|List}}
4660 Nereus	align=center \| 1982	Eleanor F. Helin	{{LoMP\|4660\|List}}
4581 Asclepius	align=center \| 1989	Henry E. Holt, Norman G. Thomas	{{LoMP\|4581\|List}}
4486 Mithra	align=center \| 1987	Eric Elst, Vladimir Shkodrov	{{LoMP\|4486\|List}}
14827 Hypnos	align=center \| 1986	Carolyn S. Shoemaker, Eugene Merle Shoemaker	{{LoMP\|14827\|List}}
4197 Morpheus	align=center \| 1982	Eleanor F. Helin, Eugene Merle Shoemaker	{{LoMP\|4197\|List}}
4183 Cuno	align=center \| 1959	Cuno Hoffmeister	{{LoMP\|4183\|List}}
4179 Toutatis	align=center \| 1989	Christian Pollas	{{LoMP\|4179\|List}}
4015 Wilson–Harrington	align=center \| 1979	Eleanor F. Helin	{{LoMP\|4015\|List}}
3200 Phaethon	align=center \| 1983	Simon F. Green, John K.Davies / IRAS	{{LoMP\|3200\|List}}
2063 Bacchus	align=center \| 1977	Charles T. Kowal	{{LoMP\|2063\|List}}
1866 Sisyphus	align=center \| 1972	Paul Wild	{{LoMP\|1866\|List}}
1620 Geographos	align=center \| 1951	Albert George Wilson, Rudolph Minkowski	{{LoMP\|1620\|List}}
(29075) 1950 DA	align=center \| 1950	Carl A. Wirtanen	{{LoMP\|29075\|List}}
1566 Icarus	align=center \| 1949	Walter Baade	{{LoMP\|1566\|List}}
1685 Toro	align=center \| 1948	Carl A. Wirtanen	{{LoMP\|1685\|List}}
2101 Adonis	align=center \| 1936	Eugène Joseph Delporte	{{LoMP\|2101\|List}}
1862 Apollo	align=center \| 1932	Karl Reinmuth	{{LoMP\|1862\|List}}
colspan=4 style="font-size: 0.85em; font-weight: normal; text-align: left; padding: 6px;" \|^(A) Discoverer: : A discoverer is determined by the MPC when the object is numbered. For unnumbered bodies, the table gives the "first observer". : LINEAR: Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research : CSS : Catalina Sky Survey : Spacewatch, on Kitt Peak, near Tucson, Arizona{{citation \|url=http://spacewatch.lpl.arizona.edu/ \|title=The Spacewatch Project \|publisher=Arizona Board of Regents \|year=2010}} ^(B) Classification: : 2011 MD is classified as Amor, not Apollo asteroid by the MPC

References

{{reflist|refs =

{{cite web

|title = Near-Earth Object Groups

|publisher = JPL – NASA

|url = http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/neo/groups.html

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20020202160655/http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/neo/groups.html

|url-status = dead

|archive-date = 2 February 2002

|access-date= 11 November 2016}}

{{cite web

|last = Weisstein |first=Eric

|title = Apollo Asteroid

|publisher = Wolfram Research

|url = http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/astronomy/ApolloAsteroid.html

|access-date = 27 February 2013}}

{{cite web

|first = Matt |last=Cantor

|title = Scientists figure out Russia meteor's origin

|work = USA Today

|date = 26 February 2013

|url = https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2013/02/26/meteor-russia-apollo-space/1948673/

|access-date = 11 November 2016}}

{{cite web

|author = Jacob Aron

|title = Russian meteor traced to Apollo asteroid family

|work = New Scientist

|date = 26 February 2013

|url = https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn23213-russian-meteor-traced-to-apollo-asteroid-family/

|access-date = 11 November 2016}}

}}

External links

[http://www.minorplanetcenter.org/iau/lists/Apollos.html List of Apollo minor planets]

Apollo

Designation ! Year ! Discoverer/First observed ^(A) ! Ref
class="wikitable sortable"
{{mpl\|2024 PT\|5}}	align=center \| 2024	ATLAS-SAAO	{{MPC\|2024+PT5}}
{{mpl\|2019 SU\|3}}	align=center \| 2019	ATLAS-HKO	{{MPC\|2019+SU3}}
{{mpl\|2016 WF\|9}}	align=center \| 2016	NEOWISE	{{MPC\|2016+WF9}}
{{mpl\|(671294) 2014 JO\|25}}	align=center \| 2014	CSS	{{MPC\|2014+JO25}}
{{mpl\|2013 FW\|13}}	align=center \| 2013	CSS	{{MPC\|2013+FW13}}
{{mpl\|2013 RH\|74}}	align=center \| 2013	CSS	{{MPC\|2013+RH74}}
{{mpl\|2011 MD}}	align=center \| 2011	LINEAR	{{MPC\|2011+MD}}^(B)
{{mpl\|2011 EO\|40}}	align=center \| 2011	CSS–Mount Lemmon Survey	{{MPC\|2011+EO40}}
{{mpl\|2010 AL\|30}}	align=center \| 2010	LINEAR	{{MPC\|2010+AL30}}
{{mpl\|(529366) 2009 WM\|1}}	align=center \| 2009	CSS	{{MPC\|2009+WM1}}
{{mpl\|2009 DD\|45}}	align=center \| 2009	Siding Spring Observatory, Australia	{{MPC\|2009+DD45}}
{{mpl\|(386454) 2008 XM}}	align=center \| 2008	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|386454\|List}}
{{mpl\|2008 TC\|3}}	align=center \| 2008	CSS	{{MPC\|2008+TC3}}
{{mpl\|2008 FF\|5}}	align=center \| 2008	CSS–Mount Lemmon Survey	{{MPC\|2008+TC3}}
{{mpl\|2007 VK\|184}}	align=center \| 2007	CSS	{{MPC\|2007+VK184}}
{{mpl\|2007 TU\|24}}	align=center \| 2007	CSS	{{MPC\|2007+TU24}}
{{mpl\|2007 WD\|5}}	align=center \| 2007	CSS	{{MPC\|2007+WD5}}
{{mpl\|2007 OX}}	align=center \| 2007	CSS–Mount Lemmon Survey	{{MPC\|2007+OX}}
{{mpl\|(277810) 2006 FV\|35}}	align=center \| 2006	Spacewatch	{{LoMP\|277810\|List}}
{{mpl\|(394130) 2006 HY\|51}}	align=center \| 2006	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|394130\|List}}
{{mpl\|(292220) 2006 SU\|49}}	align=center \| 2006	Spacewatch	{{LoMP\|292220\|List}}
{{mpl\|(308635) 2005 YU\|55}}	align=center \| 2005	R. S. McMillan, Steward Observatory, Kitt Peak, USA	{{LoMP\|308635\|List}}
{{mpl\|2005 WY\|55}}	align=center \| 2005	Mount Lemmon Survey	{{MPC\|2005+WY55}}
{{mpl\|2005 HC\|4}}	align=center \| 2005	LONEOS	{{MPC\|2005+HC4}}
{{mpl\|(612901) 2004 XP\|14}}	align=center \| 2004	LINEAR	{{MPC\|2004+XP14}}
{{mpl\|(374158) 2004 UL}}	align=center \| 2004	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|374158\|List}}
{{mpl\|(357439) 2004 BL\|86}}	align=center \| 2004	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|357439\|List}}
{{mpl\|(444004) 2004 AS\|1}}	align=center \| 2004	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|444004\|List}}
{{mpl\|2003 RW\|11}}	align=center \| 2003	James Whitney Young	{{MPC\|2003+RW11}}
{{mpl\|2003 BV\|35}}	align=center \| 2003	James Whitney Young	{{MPC\|2003+BV35}}
{{mpl\|(89958) 2002 LY\|45}}	align=center \| 2002	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|89958\|List}}
{{mpl\|(179806) 2002 TD\|66}}	align=center \| 2002	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|179806\|List}}
54509 YORP	align=center \| 2000	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|54509\|List}}
162173 Ryugu	align=center \| 1999	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|162173\|List}}
{{mpl\|(137108) 1999 AN\|10}}	align=center \| 1999	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|137108\|List}}
101955 Bennu	align=center \| 1999	LINEAR (Bennu is the target of the OSIRIS-REx mission)	{{LoMP\|101955\|List}}
{{mpl\|1998 KY\|26}}	align=center \| 1998	Spacewatch	{{MPC\|1998+KY26}}
{{mpl\|(433953) 1997 XR\|2}}	align=center \| 1997	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|433953\|List}}
65803 Didymos	align=center \| 1996	Spacewatch	{{LoMP\|65803\|List}}
69230 Hermes	align=center \| 1937	Karl Reinmuth	{{LoMP\|69230\|List}}
{{mpl\|(53319) 1999 JM\|8}}	align=center \| 1999	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|53319\|List}}
{{mpl\|(52760) 1998 ML\|14}}	align=center \| 1998	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|52760\|List}}
{{mpl\|(35396) 1997 XF\|11}}	align=center \| 1997	Spacewatch	{{LoMP\|35396\|List}}
25143 Itokawa	align=center \| 1998	LINEAR	{{LoMP\|25143\|List}}
(136617) 1994 CC	align=center \| 1994	Spacewatch	{{LoMP\|136617\|List}}
{{mpl\|(175706) 1996 FG\|3}}	align=center \| 1996	R. H. McNaught, Siding Spring Observatory, Australia	{{LoMP\|175706\|List}}
6489 Golevka	align=center \| 1991	Eleanor F. Helin	{{LoMP\|6489\|List}}
4769 Castalia	align=center \| 1989	Eleanor F. Helin	{{LoMP\|4769\|List}}
4660 Nereus	align=center \| 1982	Eleanor F. Helin	{{LoMP\|4660\|List}}
4581 Asclepius	align=center \| 1989	Henry E. Holt, Norman G. Thomas	{{LoMP\|4581\|List}}
4486 Mithra	align=center \| 1987	Eric Elst, Vladimir Shkodrov	{{LoMP\|4486\|List}}
14827 Hypnos	align=center \| 1986	Carolyn S. Shoemaker, Eugene Merle Shoemaker	{{LoMP\|14827\|List}}
4197 Morpheus	align=center \| 1982	Eleanor F. Helin, Eugene Merle Shoemaker	{{LoMP\|4197\|List}}
4183 Cuno	align=center \| 1959	Cuno Hoffmeister	{{LoMP\|4183\|List}}
4179 Toutatis	align=center \| 1989	Christian Pollas	{{LoMP\|4179\|List}}
4015 Wilson–Harrington	align=center \| 1979	Eleanor F. Helin	{{LoMP\|4015\|List}}
3200 Phaethon	align=center \| 1983	Simon F. Green, John K.Davies / IRAS	{{LoMP\|3200\|List}}
2063 Bacchus	align=center \| 1977	Charles T. Kowal	{{LoMP\|2063\|List}}
1866 Sisyphus	align=center \| 1972	Paul Wild	{{LoMP\|1866\|List}}
1620 Geographos	align=center \| 1951	Albert George Wilson, Rudolph Minkowski	{{LoMP\|1620\|List}}
(29075) 1950 DA	align=center \| 1950	Carl A. Wirtanen	{{LoMP\|29075\|List}}
1566 Icarus	align=center \| 1949	Walter Baade	{{LoMP\|1566\|List}}
1685 Toro	align=center \| 1948	Carl A. Wirtanen	{{LoMP\|1685\|List}}
2101 Adonis	align=center \| 1936	Eugène Joseph Delporte	{{LoMP\|2101\|List}}
1862 Apollo	align=center \| 1932	Karl Reinmuth	{{LoMP\|1862\|List}}
colspan=4 style="font-size: 0.85em; font-weight: normal; text-align: left; padding: 6px;" \|^(A) Discoverer: : A discoverer is determined by the MPC when the object is numbered. For unnumbered bodies, the table gives the "first observer". : LINEAR: Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research : CSS : Catalina Sky Survey : Spacewatch, on Kitt Peak, near Tucson, Arizona{{citation \|url=http://spacewatch.lpl.arizona.edu/ \|title=The Spacewatch Project \|publisher=Arizona Board of Regents \|year=2010}} ^(B) Classification: : 2011 MD is classified as Amor, not Apollo asteroid by the MPC

Apollo asteroid

List

See also

References

External links