3800 Karayusuf

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}}

{{Infobox planet

| minorplanet = yes

| name = 3800 Karayusuf

| background = #FA8072

| image =

| image_size =

| caption =

| discovery_ref =

| discoverer = E. F. Helin

| discovery_site = Palomar Obs.

| discovered = 4 January 1984

| mpc_name = (3800) Karayusuf

| alt_names = 1984 AB{{·}}{{mp|1975 XL|4}}

| pronounced =

| named_after = Alford Karayusuf
{{small|(discoverer's friend)}}

| mp_category = Mars-crosser

| orbit_ref =

| epoch = 23 March 2018 (JD 2458200.5)

| uncertainty = 0

| observation_arc = 42.47 yr (15,513 d)

| aphelion = 1.6974 AU

| perihelion = 1.4584 AU

| semimajor = 1.5779 AU

| eccentricity = 0.0757

| period = 1.98 yr (724 d)

| mean_anomaly = 349.96°

| mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.4973|sup=ms}} / day

| inclination = 14.847°

| asc_node = 95.451°

| arg_peri = 115.76°

| mean_diameter = {{val|2.51|0.25|u=km}}

| rotation = {{val|2.2319|0.0001|u=h}}{{efn|name=lightcurve-plot-Warner}}

| albedo = {{val|0.281}}

| spectral_type = {{nowrap|SMASS {{=}} S{{·}}S}}
L {{small|(SDSS-MOC)}}

| abs_magnitude = {{val|14.81|0.94}}
15.00
15.40

}}

3800 Karayusuf, provisional designation {{mp|1984 AB}}, is a Mars-crossing asteroid and suspected binary system from inside the asteroid belt, approximately {{convert|2.5|km|mi|abbr=off|sigfig=2|sp=us}} in diameter. It was discovered on 4 January 1984, by American astronomer Eleanor Helin at the Palomar Observatory in California. The S/L-type asteroid has a short rotation period of 2.2 hours. It was named after Syrian physician Alford Karayusuf, a friend of the discoverer.

Orbit and classification

Karayusuf is a Mars-crossing asteroid, a dynamically unstable group between the main-belt and the near-Earth populations, crossing the orbit of Mars at 1.66 AU. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 1.46–1.70 AU once every 2 years (724 days; semi-major axis of 1.58 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.08 and an inclination of 15° with respect to the ecliptic. On 11 June 1938, Karayusuf passed {{convert|0.0151|AU|km mi|abbr=on|lk=on}} from Mars.

The body's observation arc begins with its first observations as {{mp|1975 XL|4}} at Crimea–Nauchnij in December 1975, almost 12 years prior to its official discovery observation at Palomar.

Naming

This minor planet was named after Syrian physician Alford Karayusuf, a supporter of the Near-earth asteroid research projects at JPL and a leader of the World Space Foundation's program of Solar System exploration. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 2 November 1990 ({{small|M.P.C. 17221}}). The main-belt asteroid 5255 Johnsophie, also discovered by Helin, was named after Alford Karayusuf's children, John and Sophie (also see the asteroid's {{MoMP|5255|citation}}).

Physical characteristics

In the SMASS classification, Karayusuf is a common, stony S-type asteroid. The asteroid has also been characterized as an L-type asteroid by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and Pan-STARRS{{'}} photometric survey.

= Rotation period =

In March 2008, a rotational lightcurve of Karayusuf was obtained from photometric observations by Brian Warner at his Palmer Divide Observatory in Colorado. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of {{val|2.2319|0.0001}} hours with a rather small brightness amplitude of 0.15 magnitude ({{small|U=3}}).{{efn|name=lightcurve-plot-Warner}} The body's rotation is close to the threshold-period of that of a fast rotator, which would fly apart if they were not composed of a solid, monolithic structure.

Follow-up observations by Warner in 2010, 2014 and 2018 gave similar results.{{efn|name=lcdb-Warner-2018}} The asteroid was also observed by Brian Skiff (2.225 h) and William Ryan (2.23 h) in 2018.{{efn|name=lcdb-Skiff-and-Ryan}}

= Binary candidate =

During Brian Warner's photometric observations, two possible mutual eclipsing/occultation events were observed, indicating that Karayusuf is a binary asteroid with a satellite in its orbit. The data, however, was insufficient to calculate a rotation period. In 2010 and in 2014, when observing conditions had a nearly identical phase angle, no evidence of an orbiting minor-planet moon was found. The results of the 2018-observation have not yet been published.{{efn|name=lcdb-Warner-2018}}

= Diameter and albedo =

According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Karayusuf measures 2.51 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.281, while other NEOWISE observations gave a diameter of 1.624 kilometers with a not very plausible albedo of 0.657. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for a stony asteroid of 0.20 and calculates a diameter of 2.97 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 15.0.

Notes

{{notelist|refs=

{{efn|name=lightcurve-plot-Warner|1=Lightcurve plots of (3800) Karayusuf from [http://www.minorplanetobserver.com/pdolc/A3800_2008.HTM 2008] and [http://www.minorplanetobserver.com/pdolc/A3800_2010.HTM 2010], by B. D. Warner at the Palmer Divide Observatory.}}

{{efn|name=lcdb-Skiff-and-Ryan|1=Photometric observation of (3800) Karayusuf by Brian Skiff and Bill Ryan. Quality code of 3-/2. Summary figures at the [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=3800%7CKarayusuf LCDB].}}

{{efn|name=lcdb-Warner-2018|1=Warner (2018) web: rotation period {{val|2.2328|0.0004}} hours with a brightness amplitude of {{val|0.18|0.01}} mag. Quality code is 3. Summary figures for (3800) Karayusuf at the [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=3800%7CKarayusuf LCDB].}}

}}

References

{{reflist|30em|refs=

{{cite web

|type = 2018-05-24 last obs.

|title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 3800 Karayusuf (1984 AB)

|url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2003800

|publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory

|access-date = 24 September 2018}}

{{cite web

|title = 3800 Karayusuf (1984 AB)

|work = Minor Planet Center

|url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=3800

|access-date = 24 September 2018}}

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|access-date = 24 September 2018}}

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|access-date = 24 September 2018}}

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}}