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500 Days Program

{{Short description|1990 Soviet economic plan}}

{{For|the 2009 film|(500) Days of Summer}}

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{{One source|date=August 2022}}

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The 500 Days Program ({{langx|ru|программа "500 дней"}}) was a shock therapy program to overcome the economic crisis in the Soviet Union by means of a transition to a market economy. Intended to comprehensively change the Soviet Union in a span of two years, it was ultimately a factor leading to the Soviet Union's collapse.

History

The program was proposed by a group of economists including Stanislav Shatalin, Grigory Yavlinsky{{Cite book |last1=Marquis |first1=Christopher |url= |title=Mao and Markets: The Communist Roots of Chinese Enterprise |last2=Qiao |first2=Kunyuan |date=2022 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-26883-6 |location=New Haven |doi=10.2307/j.ctv3006z6k |jstor=j.ctv3006z6k |oclc=1348572572 |author-link=Christopher Marquis |s2cid=253067190}}{{Rp|page=199}} and Yevgeny Yasin. According to authors, the Soviet Union needed "to be built anew, nor reformed."{{Rp|page=199}} The 500 Days Program was proposed to implement a form of economic shock therapy which proposed to transform the Soviet Union comprehensively in less than two years.{{Rp|page=199}}

The program was further developed by a work group under the direction of Stanislav Shatalin (an economic advisor to Mikhail Gorbachev). Before beginning work on the project, Shatalin had been assured by Gorbachev that he was serious about radically reforming the Soviet economy.

Therefore, in August 1990, the group issued a 400-page report titled "Transition to the Market". It was based on the earlier "400 Days Project" prepared by Yavlinsky and became known colloquially as the "500 Days Program" as it intended to create the groundwork for a modern market economy in 500 days. The report called for creation of a competitive market economy, mass privatization, prices determined by the market, integration with the world economic system, a large transfer of power from the Union government to the Republics, and many other radical reforms.

The 500 Days Program immediately gained the complete support of Boris Yeltsin and a more skeptical support from Mikhail Gorbachev; soon after, Nikolai Ryzhkov, the Chairman of the Council of Ministers, openly repudiated it.

Ultimately, this shock therapy plan was a contributing factor to the collapse of the USSR.{{Rp|page=199}}

Authors

See also

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References

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= Works cited =

  • {{cite journal | author=James A. Dorn | title=From Plan to Market: The Post-Soviet Challenge | journal=The Cato Journal | year=1991 | volume= 11 | issue= 2 }}

Further reading

  • Shatalov, Sergei. (1991). [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/23550783_Privatization_in_the_Soviet_Union_the_beginnings_of_a_transition Privatization in the Soviet Union : the beginnings of a transition.]

External links

  • [https://allperestroika.ru/en/500-days-program-in-the-ussr.html 500 Days Program: History & Main points] {{in lang|en}}
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20080108164408/http://www.yabloko.ru/Publ/500/index.html "500 Days": links, chronology, personalia] {{in lang|ru}}

Category:Reform in the Soviet Union

Category:Economy of the Soviet Union

Category:1990 in the Soviet Union

Category:Grigory Yavlinsky