AEC Matador
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}
{{Infobox weapon
| name = AEC Matador
| image = AEC Matador, H102602 pic3.JPG
| image_size = 300
| alt =
| caption = AEC Matador, H102602
| type =
| origin = United Kingdom
| is_vehicle = y
| is_UK = y
| service =
| used_by =
| wars =
| designer =
| design_date =
| manufacturer = AEC
| unit_cost =
| production_date = 1938-1945, 1953-1958
| number = 10,411
| variants = {{ubl|Tractor, 4x4, heavy anti-aircraft|Tractor, 4x4, medium artillery|Truck, 4x4, 5 ton, flat platform|Truck, 4x4, 5 ton, GS cargo|Truck, 4x4, 5 ton, mobile air traffic control|Truck, 4x4, 5 ton, signals}}
| spec_label =
| mass = {{ubl|Unladen {{cvt|7.15|long ton|t}}|Fully loaded {{cvt|10.85|long ton|t}}}}
| length = {{ubl|{{cvt|20|ft|9|in|m|2}}|{{cvt|12|ft|7|in|m|2}} wheelbase}}
| part_length =
| width = {{cvt|7|ft|10|in|m|2}}
| height = {{cvt|10|ft|2|in|m|2}}
| crew =
| passengers =
| engine = {{ubl|AEC A173 diesel|{{cvt|463|cuin|L|2}} six-cylinder|{{cvt|95|bhp|kW}}|AEC A187 diesel|{{cvt|463|cuin|L|2}} six-cylinder|{{cvt|105|bhp|kW}}|AEC A193 petrol|{{cvt|452|cuin|L|2}} six-cylinder|{{cvt|92|bhp|kW}}}}
| engine_power =
| pw_ratio =
| payload_capacity =
| drive = 4x4
| transmission = 4F1R
| suspension = {{ubl|Front & rear live axles on semi-elliptical multi-leaf springs}}
| clearance =
| fuel_capacity =
| vehicle_range =
| speed = {{cvt|36|mph|km/h}}
| steering =
| ref = The AEC military vehiclesWare, Pat. The AEC military vehicles. Yalding, Kent: Kelsey Media, 2021. p 37.
}}
The AEC Matador was a heavy 4×4 truck and medium artillery tractor built by the Associated Equipment Company for British and Commonwealth forces during World War II. AEC had already built a 4×2 lorry, also known as the Matador (all AEC lorries received 'M' names) in 1931.{{Cite book
|title=The AEC Story – From the Regent to the Monarch
|first=Brian |last=Thackray
|year=2012
|publisher=Amberley Publishing |location=
|isbn= 9781445603902
|chapter=17 The Matador Types 645 and 646
|pages=173–178
}}
Description
The Matador was distinctive with its flat fronted cab with gently curved roof, wheels at the corners and a flat load carrying area covered by a canvas or tarpaulin tilt. As an artillery tractor, rather than a cargo vehicle, the wooden sides were fixed in place without folding down, but did have a narrow crew door on each side.{{efn-lr|The Scammell Pioneer had a similar arrangement.}} Two transverse bench seats were provided for the gun crew, reached through the side doors, at the 1st side bay on the left and the 2nd on the right.
The cab was framed in ash and clad in steel. It was equipped with a winch (7-ton load in its case) like all artillery tractors. The O853 provided the basis for the 'Dorchester' armoured command vehicle.
AEC also produced a larger 6×6 vehicle, model O854, based on components from both the AEC Marshal 6x4 and the 4×4 Matador. These were produced in both petrol and diesel and were also referred to as Matadors.{{citation needed|date=May 2021}} The O854 provided the basis for the O857.
A small number of Petrol-engined 4x4 Matadors were also built. These were given the model number 853.{{citation needed|date=May 2021}}
Service
File:AECMatadoratWarandPeace.JPG
Over 9,600 Matadors were built,{{Cite book |last=Ward |first=Rod |title=AEC Album Part One: to 1945 |publisher=Zeteo Publishing |year=2017 |pages=24 |oclc=1014414977}} some going to the Royal Air Force (RAF).
For the British Army, it fulfilled a role between field artillery tractors (FATs) such as the Morris C8 Quad, which towed smaller guns such as the 25-pounder gun-howitzer, and the Scammell Pioneer, used for towing the 7.2-inch howitzer. It was commonly used to tow the 5.5-inch medium gun and the QF 3.7-inch AA gun. The Matador was found to be a generally useful vehicle and was adapted for other roles, including carrying a 25-pounder gun.[https://web.archive.org/web/20200413120615/http://archive.commercialmotor.com/article/19th-july-2012/32/strategic-defence-review Strategic defence review] Commercial Motor 19 July 2012 page 43[https://archive.today/20130902171915/http://www.busmuseum.org.uk/webnews/webnews024-025.htm The West Country Historic Omnibus and Transport Trust]
File:The Royal Air Force during the Second World War CH13151.jpg, 1944]]
The RAF used Matadors in the flat bed form for load carrying. The 6-wheeler Matador Type A with refuelling pumps and equipment by Zwicky Ltd, was used as a refuelling tanker, capable of carrying {{convert|2500|impgal}} of fuel and also for towing ashore Short Sunderland flying boats at their stations.
Six armoured flamethrowers, the 'Heavy Cockatrice' on the 6×6 chassis, were used by the RAF for airfield defence.
In 1942/43, for the North African campaign, some Matadors mounted the 6-pounder anti-tank gun to give the AEC Mk1 Gun Carrier "Deacon".
The Canadian Army used the Matador during World War II.
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= Post-war =
File:1970 Bradford City Transport AEC Matador tow truck NKY805H (9923043973).jpg
Post-war, the Matador was found in civilian use as a recovery truck, a showman's vehicle, and general contractor use. It was also useful for forestry work because of its good off-road performance. When used as a bus fleet recovery truck, many were fitted with lifting jibs for suspended towing and re-bodied with semi-enclosed bodies, often based on bodywork from scrapped buses.
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See also
- Bedford QLD - 3 ton general service truck four wheel drive, 4WD, introduced 1941.
- Austin K2/Y
- Canadian Military Pattern Field Artillery Tractor
References
{{Notelist-lr}}
{{reflist|refs=
}}
- Steve Richards, AEC Matador: Taking The Rough With The Smooth, Japonica Press, 2009, {{ISBN|978-1-904686-24-8}}.
External links
{{Commons category}}
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20140202174914/http://www.aecmilitant.co.uk/ AEC Militant and Matador owners]
- [http://www.aecsociety.co.uk/ The AEC Society] was founded in 1983 for the preservation and documentation of the products of AEC Ltd.
- [https://truck-encyclopedia.com/ww2/uk/aec-matador.php AEC Matador (1938)], Truck Encyclopedia, Military Trucks & Cars Section
{{AEC range}}
{{WWIIBritishSoftVeh}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:Military trucks of the United Kingdom
Category:World War II vehicles of the United Kingdom