ARM Cortex-A53
{{Short description|Microarchitecture implementing the ARMv8-A 64-bit instruction set designed by ARM Holdings}}
{{more citations needed|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox CPU
|name = ARM Cortex-A53
|pcode1 = Apollo
|image = Amazon Echo Dot (RS03QR) - motherboard - Mediatek MT8163V-0558.jpg
|image_size =
|caption = A picture of the Amazon Echo Dot (RS03QR) - motherboard
|produced-start = 2012
|produced-end =
|slowest = 400 MHz
|fastest = 2.30 GHz
|slow-unit =
|fast-unit =
|fsb-slowest = 100 MHz
|fsb-fastest = 118 MHz OC
|fsb-slow-unit =
|fsb-fast-unit =
|size-from =
|size-to =
|soldby =
|designfirm = ARM Holdings
|manuf1 =
|core1 =
|sock1 =
|pack1 =
|brand1 =
|arch = ARMv8-A
|cpuid =
|code =
|numcores = 1–8 per cluster
|l1cache = 8–64{{nbsp}}KiB
|l2cache = 128{{nbsp}}KiB{{nbsp}}–{{nbsp}}2{{nbsp}}MiB
|l3cache =
|application =
|predecessor = ARM Cortex-A7
|successor = ARM Cortex-A55
}}
The ARM Cortex-A53 is one of the first two central processing units implementing the ARMv8-A 64-bit instruction set designed by ARM Holdings' Cambridge design centre, along with the Cortex-A57. The Cortex-A53 is a 2-wide decode superscalar processor, capable of dual-issuing some instructions.{{cite web | url=http://www.arm.com/products/processors/cortex-a/cortex-a53-processor.php | title=Cortex-A53 Processor | publisher=ARM Holdings | access-date=2015-11-08}} It was announced October 30, 2012{{cite press release |url= https://www.arm.com/company/news/2012/10/arm-launches-cortex-a50-series-the-worlds-most-energy-efficient-64-bit-processors#:~:text=“ARM%27s%20Cortex%2DA50%20series%20processors,%2C%20Global%20Business%20Units%2C%20AMD. |title= ARM Launches Cortex-A50 Series, the World's Most Energy-Efficient 64-bit Processors |date= 2012-10-30 |publisher= ARM Holdings |access-date= 2023-05-15}} and is marketed by ARM as either a stand-alone, more energy-efficient alternative to the more powerful Cortex-A57 microarchitecture, or to be used alongside a more powerful microarchitecture in a big.LITTLE configuration. It is available as an IP core to licensees, like other ARM intellectual property and processor designs.
Overview
- 8-stage pipelined processor with 2-way superscalar, in-order execution pipeline
- DSP and NEON SIMD extensions are mandatory per core
- VFPv4 Floating Point Unit onboard (per core)
- Hardware virtualization support
- TrustZone security extensions
- 64-byte cache lines
- 10-entry L1 TLB, and 512-entry L2 TLB
- 4{{nbsp}}KiB conditional branch predictor, 256-entry indirect branch predictor
Utilization
The Cortex-A53 is the most widely used platform for mobile SoCs since 2014 to the present day {{As of?|date=July 2023}}, making it one of the longest-running ARM platform for mobile devices. It is currently featured in most entry-level and lower mid-range SoCs, while higher-end SoCs used the newer ARM Cortex-A55. The latest SoC still using the Cortex-A53 is the MediaTek Helio G50, which is an entry-level SoC designed for budget smartphones.
The ARM Cortex-A53 processor has been used in the LeMaker HiKey since 2015,{{cite web|url=http://www.lemaker.org/blog-news-22.html|title=HiKey attends the ET Show in Japan 2015|date=12 November 2015|website=LeMaker|language=en-US|access-date=2018-07-17|archive-date=2018-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718001607/http://www.lemaker.org/blog-news-22.html|url-status=dead}} the Raspberry Pi 3 since February 2016,{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/raspberry-pi-3-on-sale/|title=Raspberry Pi 3 on sale now at $35 - Raspberry Pi|last=Upton|first=Eben|date=29 February 2016|website=Raspberry Pi|language=en-GB|access-date=2016-02-29}} and the Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W since October 2021.{{cite web|url=https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/rpizero2/raspberry-pi-zero-2-w-product-brief.pdf|title=Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W Product Brief|date=28 October 2021|website=Raspberry Pi|language=en-GB|access-date=2021-10-28}}
The Cortex-A53 is also used in a number of Qualcomm, Samsung, and MediaTek SoCs.{{cite news|last1=Lal Shimpi|first1=Anand|title=Qualcomm Announces Snapdragon 410 based on 64-bit ARM Cortex A53|url=http://www.anandtech.com/show/7573/qualcomm-announces-snapdragon-410-based-on-64bit-arm-cortex-a53-and-adreno-306-gpu|access-date=9 March 2017|publisher=Anandtech|date=9 December 2013}}{{cite news|last1=Lal Shimpi|first1=Anand|title=Snapdragon 610 & 615: Qualcomm Continues down its 64-bit warpath with 4/8-core Cortex A53 designs|url=http://www.anandtech.com/show/7784/snapdragon-610-615-qualcomm-continues-down-its-64bit-warpath-with-48core-cortex-a53-designs|access-date=9 March 2017|publisher=Anandtech|date=24 February 2014}}{{cite web | url= https://www.qualcomm.com/products/snapdragon/processors/625 | title = Snapdragon 625 Mobile Platform | publisher = Qualcomm}} Semi-custom derivatives of the Cortex-A53 have been used in Qualcomm's Kryo 250 and Kryo 260 CPUs.{{cite web | url= https://www.qualcomm.com/products/qualcomm-snapdragon-632-mobile-platform | title = Snapdragon 632 Mobile Platform | publisher = Qualcomm}}{{cite web | url= https://www.qualcomm.com/products/qualcomm-snapdragon-660-mobile-platform | title = Snapdragon 660 Mobile Platform | publisher = Qualcomm}} The Starlink ground terminals utilize a quad-core Cortex-A53 SoC from STMicroelectronics as a main control unit.{{cite conference
| url = https://i.blackhat.com/USA-22/Wednesday/US-22-Wouters-Glitched-On-Earth.pdf
| title = Glitched on Earth by Humans: A Black-Box Security Evaluation of the SpaceX Starlink User Terminal
| last1 = Wouters
| first1 = Lennert
| author-link1 =
| date = 2022-08-10
| publisher = Black Hat USA 2022
}}
The processor is used in the ODROID-C2{{cite web|url=http://odroid.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=en:c2_hardware|title=en:c2_hardware [Odroid Wiki]|website=odroid.com|language=en|access-date=2017-03-26}} and in Roku streaming media players (in the high-end models from 2016 and in all models released between 2017 and 2019). Another notable Cortex-A53 application is the Pine A64/A64+ single-board computer.
These cores are used in a 24-core SoC, the Socionext SynQuacer SC2A11.
The processor is used in Amazon Fire tablets, including the Fire HD 8 and the Fire HD 10 (the latter also includes Cortex-A72 cores). It is also used in some Amazon Echo Show models such as the Echo Show 5, Echo Show 8, and Echo Show 5 (2nd Gen).{{cite web|url=https://www.amazon.com/Staging-Product-Not-Retail-Sale-dp-B08J8FFJ8H/dp/B08J8FFJ8H/|title = All New Echo Show 5 – Compact smart display with Alexa|website = Amazon}}
The processor is used in Fortinet's Fortigate 81F entry-level firewalls.
Automotive electronic control units utilize A53 cores for vehicle network processing and high-performance real-time computations.{{cite web | url= https://www.nxp.com/products/processors-and-microcontrollers/s32-automotive-platform/s32g-vehicle-network-processors:S32G-PROCESSORS | title = S32G Vehicle Network Processors | publisher = NXP}}
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- {{Official website|http://www.arm.com/products/processors/cortex-a/cortex-a53-processor.php}}
{{Application ARM-based chips}}