ASML Holding

{{Short description|Dutch manufacturer of semiconductor production equipment}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}

{{Infobox company

| name = ASML Holding N.V.

| logo = ASML Holding N.V. logo.svg{{!}}class=skin-invert-image

| logo_upright = 0.9

| image = ASML headquarters Veldhoven.jpg

| image_upright = 1.15

| image_caption = Corporate headquarters in Veldhoven

| type = Public

| traded_as = {{Unbulleted list|{{EuronextAmsterdam|ASML|NL0010273215|XAMS}}|AEX component|{{NASDAQ|ASML}}|Nasdaq-100 component|{{OTC Pink|ASMLF}}}}

| key_people = {{ubl|Christophe Fouquet (CEO)|Nils Andersen (chairman of the supervisory board)}}

| industry = Semiconductor industry

| products = Photolithography systems for the semiconductor industry

| revenue = {{increase}} {{€|28.26 billion|link=yes}} (2024)

| operating_income = {{decrease}} {{€|9.023 billion}} (2024)

| net_income = {{decrease}} {{€|7.572 billion}} (2024)

| assets = {{increase}} {{€|48.59 billion}} (2024)

| equity = {{increase}} {{€|18.48 billion}} (2024)

| num_employees = 43,395 (2024){{cite web |title=ASML 2024 Annual Report (Form 20-F) |url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/937966/000093796625000009/asml-20241231.htm |date=5 March 2025 |publisher=US Securities and Exchange Commission |archive-date=6 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250306063001/https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/937966/000093796625000009/asml-20241231.htm |url-status=live }}

| founded = {{Unbulleted list | {{Start date and age|1984}} (joint venture) | {{Start date and age|1988}} (independent company)}}

| hq_location = Veldhoven, Netherlands

| website = {{URL|https://www.asml.com/|asml.com}}

| footnotes =

}}

ASML Holding N.V. (commonly shortened to ASML, originally standing for Advanced Semiconductor Materials Lithography) is a Dutch multinational corporation that specializes in the development and manufacturing of photolithography machines which are used to produce integrated circuits. {{As of |2023}} it is the largest supplier for the semiconductor industry and the sole supplier in the world of extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) photolithography machines that are required to manufacture the most advanced chips. {{As of|November 2024}}, ASML was the fourth most valuable company in Europe, and the second most valued European tech company, with a market capitalization of about US$264 billion.{{cite news |date=9 April 2023 |title=Largest tech companies by market cap |url=https://companiesmarketcap.com/tech/largest-tech-companies-by-market-cap/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221109094425/https://companiesmarketcap.com/tech/largest-tech-companies-by-market-cap/ |archive-date=9 November 2022 |access-date=9 April 2023 |work=CompaniesMarketcap.com}}{{cite news |last1=O'Grady |first1=Carmel |last2=Kenyon |first2=Matthew |date=21 February 2023 |title=How ASML became Europe's most valuable tech firm |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-64514573 |work=BBC News}}

ASML was founded in 1984 as a joint venture between the Dutch technology companies Philips and ASM International. It became a fully independent corporation in 1995. ASML's corporate headquarters is in Veldhoven, Netherlands and is the location for research, development, manufacturing and assembly. ASML employs more than 42,000 people from 143 nationalities and relies on a network of nearly 5,000 tier 1 suppliers.{{cite web |date=15 February 2023 |title=2022 Combined Annual Report - ASML |url=https://www.asml.com/en/investors/annual-report/2022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409083301/https://www.asml.com/en/investors/annual-report/2022 |archive-date=9 April 2023 |access-date=9 April 2023 |website=ASML}} ASML has a worldwide customer base and over 60 service points in 16 countries. It has offices in the Netherlands, the United States, Belgium, France, Germany, Ireland, Israel, Italy, the United Kingdom, China, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Singapore, and Taiwan.

The company is listed on both the AEX and Nasdaq stock exchanges, as ASML. It is also a component of the Euro Stoxx 50{{cite web |title=ASML HOLDING - Euronext exchange Live quotes |url=https://live.euronext.com/product/equities/NL0010273215-XAMS/quotes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409065356/https://live.euronext.com/product/equities/NL0010273215-XAMS/quotes |archive-date=9 April 2023 |access-date=9 April 2023 |website=Euronext}} and Nasdaq-100.{{cite web |title=Quotes For Nasdaq-100 Index |url=https://www.nasdaq.com/market-activity/quotes/nasdaq-ndx-index |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211225174244/https://www.nasdaq.com/market-activity/quotes/nasdaq-ndx-index |archive-date=25 December 2021 |access-date=9 April 2023 |website=Nasdaq}}

Products

File:Lens from ASML.jpg

ASML produces the photolithography machines used in the production of integrated circuits, called "scanners". In these machines, patterns are optically imaged onto a silicon wafer that is covered with a film of light-sensitive material (photoresist). This procedure is repeated dozens of times on a single wafer. The photoresist is then further processed to create the actual electronic circuits on the silicon. The optical imaging that ASML's machines deal with is used in the fabrication of nearly all integrated circuits and, as of 2011, ASML had 67 percent of the worldwide sales of lithography machines.[http://www.asml.com/asml/show.do?ctx=40715&rid=40723 ASML: Sustainability - performance and targets] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180814001835/https://www.asml.com/asml/show.do?ctx=40715&rid=40723 |date=14 August 2018 }}. ASML.com (2011)

ASML's earlier competition consisted of Ultratech, Canon and Nikon, MKS Instruments, Lam Research and Cadence Design Systems.{{cite web |title=Deal roils DFM status quo |date=28 December 2006 |url=https://www.eetimes.com/deal-roils-dfm-status-quo-2/}} In 2006, AMSL's acquisition of BRION, a Design For Manufacturability supplier, briefly put it in competition with the major EDA vendors who had similar products - Cadence Design Systems, Synopsys, and Mentor Graphics.

=Immersion lithography=

Since immersion lithography was first proposed by Burn-Jeng Lin in the 1970s,{{cite web |title=Burn Lin: The 2023 SPIE Mozi Award |url=https://spie.org/news/burn-lin-the-2023-spie-mozi-award |access-date=6 May 2023 |website=spie.org |archive-date=6 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230506030822/https://spie.org/news/burn-lin-the-2023-spie-mozi-award |url-status=live }} ASML cooperated with TSMC. In 2004, TSMC began commercial production of 90 nanometer semiconductor nodes using ASML immersion lithography.{{cite web |date=2019 |title=90 nm Technology |url=https://www.tsmc.com/english/dedicatedFoundry/technology/90nm.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626001544/https://www.tsmc.com/english/dedicatedFoundry/technology/90nm.htm |archive-date=26 June 2019 |access-date=30 June 2019 |publisher=TSMC}} As of 2011, their high-end TWINSCAN NXT:1950i system was used for producing features down to 32 nanometres at up to 200 wafers per hour,[http://www.asml.com/asml/show.do?lang=EN&ctx=5869&rid=44387 ASML Enhances NXT:1950i to Meet Challenging Imaging and Overlay Requirements and Provide a Cost Effective Platform for 22nm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405221440/http://www.asml.com/asml/show.do?lang=EN&ctx=5869&rid=44387 |date=5 April 2012 }}. Press release, 12 July 2011. using a water immersion lens and an argon fluoride laser that produces light at a wavelength of 193 nm. {{As of| 2011}}, an average lithography machine cost {{€|27 million|link=yes}}.[http://www.asml.com/asml/show.do?lang=EN&ctx=5869&rid=44696 Third quarter 2011 results] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405221459/http://www.asml.com/asml/show.do?lang=EN&ctx=5869&rid=44696 |date=5 April 2012 }}. ASML press release.

=DUV lithography=

Deep ultraviolet lithography (DUV) devices from ASML use light that penetrates{{Clarify|reason=What does this mean here?|date=May 2025}} the UV spectrum to print the tiny features that form the microchip's structure.{{cite web |title=ASML EUV lithography systems |url=https://www.asml.com/en/products/euv-lithography-systems |access-date=4 July 2023 |website=www.asml.com }}

=EUV lithography=

Extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUV) is a critical technology used to create the smallest and most complex chip designs. ASML holds a near-monopoly in the EUV market. The company's machines are capable of etching patterns as small as 8 nanometers, 1/10000 the width of a human hair.{{cite news |last=Nover |first=Scott |url=https://sherwood.news/business/asml-machines-ai-secret-weapon-advanced-semiconductor-materials-lithography |title=The most powerful company in tech is a niche Dutch business you've never heard of |work=Sherwood News |date=2024-08-20 |accessdate=2024-08-21 }}

EUV machines produce light in the 13.5 nm wavelength range by focusing a high-energy laser on microscopic droplets of molten tin to produce a plasma, which then emits EUV light. The light is bounced off Zeiss mirrors onto the surface of a silicon wafer to form the designs for the chip.{{cite web |last=Patel |first=Nilay |date=31 January 2023 |title=The global battle over chip manufacturing and why the US is trying to stop China from buying machines from the Netherlands |url=https://www.theverge.com/23578430/chip-war-chris-miller-asml-intel-apple-samsung-us-china-decoder |access-date=30 March 2023 |website=The Verge |archive-date=31 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331001816/https://www.theverge.com/23578430/chip-war-chris-miller-asml-intel-apple-samsung-us-china-decoder |url-status=live }}

In 2009, the IMEC research center in Belgium produced the world's first functional 22 nm CMOS Static random-access memory memory cells with a prototype EUV lithography machine.[http://www2.imec.be/be_en/press/imec-news/archive-2009/imec-22nm-sram-cells-with-euv.html IMEC presents functional 22 nm SRAM cells fabricated using EUV technology] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100601181534/http://www2.imec.be/be_en/press/imec-news/archive-2009/imec-22nm-sram-cells-with-euv.html |date=1 June 2010 }}. IMEC press release, 22 April 2009. After decades of development, ASML shipped the first production EUV machine in either 2011 or 2013.{{cite web |title=ASML EUV lithography systems |url=https://www.asml.com/en/products/euv-lithography-systems |access-date=30 March 2023 |website=ASML |archive-date=31 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331000315/https://www.asml.com/en/products/euv-lithography-systems |url-status=live }}

{{As of |2022}}, ASML has shipped around 140 EUV systems. ASML's best-selling EUV product has been the TWINSCAN NXE:3600D, which costs up to $200 million.{{cite web |last=Tarasov |first=Katie |title=ASML is the only company making the $200 million machines needed to print every advanced microchip. Here's an inside look |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2022/03/23/inside-asml-the-company-advanced-chipmakers-use-for-euv-lithography.html |access-date=30 March 2023 |website=CNBC |date=23 March 2022 |archive-date=14 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221114161226/https://www.cnbc.com/2022/03/23/inside-asml-the-company-advanced-chipmakers-use-for-euv-lithography.html |url-status=live }} The machine weighs 180 tons and needs three Boeing 747s to transport.

ASML is working on the next generation of EUV systems, with the first shipments for R&D shipped to Intel in December 2023, and TSMC in late 2024.{{Cite web |date=2024-01-25 |title=5 things you should know about High NA in EUV |url=https://www.asml.com/en/news/stories/2024/5-things-high-na-euv |access-date=2025-01-15 |website=ASML |language=en}}{{Cite news |last=Trueman |first=Charlotte |date=2024-11-01 |title=TSMC to receive first High NA EUV lithography machine from ASML in Q4 |url=https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/tsmc-to-receive-first-high-na-euv-lithography-machine-from-asml-in-q4/ |access-date=2025-01-15 |work=Data Center Dynamics |language=en}} The platform is designated High-NA as it increases the numerical aperture (NA) from 0.33 to 0.55; each system costs approximately $370 million.

ASML's EUV machines have experienced a significant surge in demand in recent years, driven by modern electronics' increasing complexity and performance requirements. This has translated into steady revenue growth for the company, reaching $30 billion in 2023, up from $13 billion five years earlier.

History

ASM Lithography was founded in 1984 as a joint venture between the Dutch companies ASM and Philips. The company became an independent publicly-traded entity in 1988 and was renamed ASML,{{cite web |date=20 February 2014 |title=ASML: About ASML |url=https://www.asml.com/en/company/about-asml/history |access-date=27 December 2022 |archive-date=28 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100728054310/http://www.asml.com/asml/show.do?ctx=32894#_15 |url-status=live }} which is its official name and not an abbreviation.{{cite web |title=About ASML: Questions and Answers |url=http://www.asml.com/asml/show.do?ctx=32894#33198 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100728054310/http://www.asml.com/asml/show.do?ctx=32894 |archive-date=28 July 2010 |access-date=3 August 2010 |publisher=ASML Holding}}

In 1991, ASML released the lithography system PAS 5500, which became an extremely successful platform for the company.{{cite web |last=Cuofano |first=Gennaro |date=11 October 2022 |title=How Does ASML Make Money? The ASML Business Model In A Nutshell |url=https://fourweekmba.com/asml-business-model/ |access-date=30 March 2023 |website=FourWeekMBA |archive-date=31 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331000316/https://fourweekmba.com/asml-business-model/ |url-status=live }} The PAS 5500 was first used by Micron Technology, one of the world's largest producers of computer memory and storage, and ASML's largest customer at that time.{{cite web |title=Three decades of PAS 5500 |url=https://www.asml.com/en/news/stories/2021/three-decades-of-pas-5500 |access-date=30 March 2023 |website=ASML |date=7 May 2021 |archive-date=31 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331000317/https://www.asml.com/en/news/stories/2021/three-decades-of-pas-5500 |url-status=live }} The success of the PAS 5500 line propelled ASML into strong competition with Canon and Nikon, who were the leaders of the lithography market at the time.

In 1997, ASML began studying a shift to using extreme ultraviolet and in 1999 joined a consortium, including Intel and two other U.S. chipmakers, in order to exploit fundamental research conducted by the US Department of Energy. Because the Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) it operates under is funded by the US government, licensing must be approved by Congress. It collaborated with the Belgian IMEC and Sematech and turned to Carl Zeiss in Germany for its mirrors.{{cite news |last=Clark |first=Don |date=4 July 2021 |title=The Tech Cold War's 'Most Complicated Machine' That's Out of China's Reach |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/04/technology/tech-cold-war-chips.html |access-date=9 November 2022 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=16 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116222847/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/04/technology/tech-cold-war-chips.html |url-status=live }}

In 2000, ASML acquired the Silicon Valley Group (SVG),{{Cite web |last=Marc |first=Hijink |author-link=Marc Hijink |date=2024-04-09 |title=FOCUS – THE ASML WAY - Focus - The ASML Way / De Wereld van ASML |url=https://focus-dewereldvanasml.nl/ |access-date=2025-03-28 |language=nl-NL}} a US lithography equipment manufacturer also licensed for EUV research results, in a bid to supply 193 nm scanners to Intel Corp.{{cite web |url=http://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1182430 |title=ASML drops SVG-developed 193-nm scanner to focus on Twinscan platform {{pipe}} EE Times |access-date=7 September 2014 |archive-date=7 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140907124049/http://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1182430 |url-status=live }}{{cite web |url=http://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1181104 |title=Intel kills plan to use SVG's 193-nm scanners in production due to delays {{pipe}} EE Times |access-date=7 September 2014 |archive-date=7 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140907125637/http://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1181104 |url-status=live }}

In 2002, it became the largest supplier of photolithography systems.{{Cite web |title=Litho-History Milestones |url=https://www.lithoguru.com/scientist/litho_history/milestones_tools.pdf |website=www.lithoguru.com}}

At the end of 2008, ASML experienced a large drop in sales, which led management to cut the workforce by about 1000 worldwide, mostly contract workers[http://www.asml.com/asml/show.do?ctx=5869&rid=37022 ASML Takes Action to Adjust Its Organization Due to Severe Order Slowdown] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100315014523/http://www.asml.com/asml/show.do?ctx=5869&rid=37022 |date=15 March 2010 }} Press release. and to apply for support from the Dutch national unemployment fund to prevent even larger layoffs.[https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB122959783756317881 Chip-Equipment Firm ASML Cuts Outlook, Sets Layoffs] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180525063327/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB122959783756317881 |date=25 May 2018 }}. WSJ.com, 19 December 2008. Two and a half years later, ASML expected record-high revenue.[https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703730104576260091610455466 ASML Sees Record Year] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180525063356/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703730104576260091610455466 |date=25 May 2018 }}. The Wall Street Journal, April 2011.

In July 2012, Intel announced a deal to invest $4.1 billion into ASML in exchange for 15% ownership, in order to speed up the transition from 300 mm to 450 mm wafers and further development of EUV lithography.[https://www.reuters.com/article/intel-asml-idUSL2E8I9DTL20120710 ASML wins funds for chip technology from Intel] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211101062223/https://www.reuters.com/article/intel-asml-idUSL2E8I9DTL20120710 |date=1 November 2021 }}. Reuters, 10 July 2012.[http://www.asml.com/asml/show.do?lang=EN&ctx=5869&rid=46711 ASML Announces Customer Co-Investment Program Aimed at Accelerating Innovation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120712030424/http://www.asml.com/asml/show.do?lang=EN&ctx=5869&rid=46711 |date=12 July 2012 }}. ASML Press release, 9 July 2012. This deal was without exclusive rights to future ASML products and, in July 2012, ASML offered another 10% of its shares to other companies.{{cite news |date=9 July 2012 |title=Intel funds next-gen chipmaking, buys into ASML for $4.1 billion |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-intel-asml-idUSBRE86819B20120709 |access-date=5 July 2021 |archive-date=31 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731161111/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-intel-asml-idUSBRE86819B20120709 |url-status=live }} As part of their EUV strategy, ASML announced the acquisition of DUV and EUV sources manufacturer Cymer in October 2012.[http://www.asml.com/asml/show.do?ctx=5869&rid=47397] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140308034237/http://www.asml.com/asml/show.do?ctx=5869&rid=47397|date=8 March 2014}} ASML Press release, 17 October 2012

In November 2013, ASML paused development of 450 mm lithography equipment, citing uncertain timing of chipmaker demand.{{cite web |date=11 February 2014 |title=ASML 2013 Annual Report Form (20-F) |url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/937966/000119312514046822/d546896d20f.htm |publisher=United States Securities and Exchange Commission |format=XBRL |quote=In November 2013, following our customers' decision, ASML decided to pause the development of 450 mm lithography systems until customer demand and the timing related to such demand is clear. |access-date=27 August 2017 |archive-date=24 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924143427/http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/937966/000119312514046822/d546896d20f.htm |url-status=live }}

In 2015, ASML suffered intellectual property theft. A number of employees had been found stealing confidential data from its Silicon Valley software subsidiary that develops software for machine optimization.{{Cite news |last=Toby |first=Sterling |date=11 April 2019 |title=ASML says it suffered intellectual property theft, rejects 'Chinese' label |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-asml-china-spying-idUSKCN1RN0DK |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510144755/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-asml-china-spying-idUSKCN1RN0DK |archive-date=10 May 2021 |access-date=26 March 2021 |work=Reuters}}

In June 2016, ASML announced their plans to acquire Taiwan-based Hermes Microvision Inc. for about $3.1 billion to add technology for creating smaller and more advanced semiconductors.Ian King, Bloomberg. "[https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-06-15/asml-to-buy-taiwan-s-hermes-microvision-for-3-1-billion ASML to Acquire Taiwan's Hermes Microvision for $3.1 Billion] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160904221503/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-06-15/asml-to-buy-taiwan-s-hermes-microvision-for-3-1-billion |date=4 September 2016 }}." 15 June 2016. 16 June 2016.

In 2018, the Trump administration tried to block the sale of ASML technology to China,{{cite news |date=6 January 2020 |title=Trump administration pressed Dutch hard to cancel China chip-equipment sale: sources |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-asml-holding-usa-china-insight-idUSKBN1Z50HN |access-date=9 November 2022 |archive-date=9 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221109121457/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-asml-holding-usa-china-insight-idUSKBN1Z50HN |url-status=live }} but as of 2021, the ongoing global chip shortage as well as the "technological cold war" between the US and China had been a business opportunity for ASML.{{cite news |last=Christoph G. Schmutz |date=30 July 2021 |title=Wie die niederländische Firma ASML in den technologischen kalten Krieg zwischen den USA und China geraten ist |url=https://www.nzz.ch/wirtschaft/asml-deren-maschine-produziert-die-leistungsfaehigsten-mikrochips-ld.1637842}}

In February 2019, ASML joined the eBeam Initiative - a consortium supporting eBeam technology adoption for photomasks and lithography.

In November 2020, ASML revealed that it had acquired the German optical glassmaking firm Berliner Glas Group in order to meet increasing need for components for its EUV systems.{{cite web|title=ASML acquisition of Berliner Glas Group completed|url=https://www.asml.com/en/news/press-releases/2020/asml-acquisition-of-berliner-glas-group-completed|access-date=26 March 2021|website=www.asml.com|date=2 November 2020 |archive-date=5 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210305020302/https://www.asml.com/en/news/press-releases/2020/asml-acquisition-of-berliner-glas-group-completed|url-status=live}}

In July 2021, European Commissioner Thierry Breton, visited ASML and announced a goal of at least 20% of world production of semiconductors in Europe by 2030, and support via a European Alliance on semiconductors.{{cite news |last=Thierry Breton |date=21 May 2021 |title=Inside the future: Europe's plan to thrive in the global microchip race |work=European Commission website}} After reporting earnings in July 2021, the company said they had a near monopoly for machines used by TSMC and Samsung Electronics to make the advanced chips.{{cite news |last= |date=6 July 2022 |title=ASML shares fall on report US wants to restrict sales to China |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/technology/asml-shares-fall-report-us-wants-restrict-sales-china-2022-07-05/ |access-date=14 March 2023 |archive-date=14 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314192952/https://www.reuters.com/technology/asml-shares-fall-report-us-wants-restrict-sales-china-2022-07-05/ |url-status=live }}

In February 2023, ASML claimed that a former worker in China "allegedly" stole information about the company's technology. This was not the first time that ASML was allegedly linked with an intellectual property breach connected to China. In its 2021 annual report, ASML mentioned that Dongfang Jingyuan Electron Limited "was actively marketing products in China that could potentially infringe on ASML's IP rights."{{cite news |date=16 February 2023 |title=US-China chip war: ASML says China employee stole data |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-64658843 |url-status=live |access-date=16 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216083011/https://www.bbc.com/news/business-64658843 |archive-date=16 February 2023}} At the time, the United States Department of Commerce expressed concern about economic espionage against ASML.{{cite news |date=15 February 2023 |title=ASML Stolen Data Came From Technical Repository for Chip Machines |work=Bloomberg News |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-02-15/ex-employee-for-chip-machine-maker-asml-stole-data-from-technical-repositary |access-date=23 October 2023}} In October 2023, Dutch newspaper NRC Handelsblad reported that the former employee who "allegedly" stole data about ASML's technology subsequently went to work for Huawei.{{cite news |last=Koc |first=Cagan |date=23 October 2023 |title=Ex-ASML Staff Accused of Theft Went to Work for Huawei, NRC Says |work=Bloomberg News |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-10-23/ex-asml-staff-accused-of-theft-went-to-work-for-huawei-nrc-says |access-date=23 October 2023}}

In March 2023, the Dutch government placed restrictions on chip equipment exports in order to protect national security. This measure affected ASML as one of the most important companies in the global microchip supply chain.{{cite news | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-64897794 | title=US-China chip war: Netherlands moves to restrict some exports | date=9 March 2023 | work=BBC News | access-date=9 March 2023 | archive-date=9 March 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230309050626/https://www.bbc.com/news/business-64897794 | url-status=live }} Export license requirements came into effect in September 2023.{{cite web |last=Corder |first=Mike |date=30 June 2023 |title=Dutch semiconductor machine export restrictions to come into force in September |url=https://apnews.com/article/netherlands-china-semiconductors-chips-exports-asml-6e8cb7f8095632d4cd9d1cb364652494 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230630142625/https://apnews.com/article/netherlands-china-semiconductors-chips-exports-asml-6e8cb7f8095632d4cd9d1cb364652494 |archive-date=30 June 2023 |access-date=30 June 2023 |website=AP News }}

In June 2023, the Netherlands' Institute for Human Rights ruled that despite the country's constitution prohibiting discrimination based on nationality, ASML was allowed to reject job applications from residents of countries subject to sanctions under the U.S. Export Administration Regulations (such as China, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, and Syria) in order to remain compliant with U.S. law.{{cite web |last=mkivit |date=20 June 2023 |title=ASML maakt onderscheid op grond van nationaliteit maar dit is niet verboden |url=https://radar.nl/asml-discrimineert-op-grond-van-nationaliteit-maar-dit-is-niet-verboden/ |access-date=29 January 2024 |website=RADAR |language=nl-NL}}{{cite news |last=Sterling |first=Toby |date=26 June 2023 |title=Dutch human rights body: ASML may follow US export rules when hiring |url=https://www.reuters.com/technology/dutch-human-rights-body-asml-may-follow-us-export-rules-when-hiring-2023-06-26/ |access-date=2024-03-21 |publisher=Reuters}}{{cite web |last=Veiligheid |first=Ministerie van Justitie en |date=20 June 2023 |title=College oordeelt: aannamebeleid ASML levert geen verboden onderscheid op - Nieuwsbericht - College voor de Rechten van de Mens |url=https://www.mensenrechten.nl/actueel/nieuws/2023/06/20/college-oordeelt-over-aannamebeleid-asml |access-date=29 January 2024 |website=www.mensenrechten.nl |language=nl-NL}}

In January 2024, the Dutch government placed further restrictions on the shipment of some advanced chip-making equipment to China.{{cite web |last=Madhok |first=Diksha |date=2 January 2024 |title=ASML forced to suspend some China exports after US escalates tech battle {{!}} CNN Business |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/01/02/tech/asml-china-exports-suspension-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=2 January 2024 |website=CNN }} On 6 September 2024, the Dutch government tightened export controls on certain ASML chipmaking equipment, aligning its policy with U.S. restrictions to limit China's access to advanced technology amid safety and geopolitical concerns.{{Cite news|last1=Sterling|first1=Toby|date=6 September 2024|title=Dutch government retakes export control over two ASML tools from US|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/technology/dutch-government-retakes-export-control-over-two-asml-tools-us-2024-09-06/|access-date=8 September 2024}}{{Cite web |last=Allen |first=Gregory C. |date=November 26, 2024 |title=The True Impact of Allied Export Controls on the U.S. and Chinese Semiconductor Manufacturing Equipment Industries |url=https://www.csis.org/analysis/true-impact-allied-export-controls-us-and-chinese-semiconductor-manufacturing-equipment |website=Center for Strategic and International Studies}} These restrictions were expanded for tighter export controls in January 2025, with ASML required to apply for export licenses with the Dutch government instead of the U.S.{{Cite news |last=Morales |first=Jowi |date=2025-01-15 |title=Netherlands tightens export controls on sanctioned semiconductor equipment |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/tech-industry/netherlands-tightens-export-controls-on-sanctioned-semiconductor-equipment-move-made-in-line-with-u-s-limitations-asml-will-apply-for-licenses-from-the-dutch-government |access-date=2025-01-15 |work=Tom's Hardware |language=en}}

Finances

class="wikitable" style="text-align:right"

|+ Financial data in € millions{{cite web |title=ASML Dividende {{!}} KGV {{!}} Bilanz {{!}} Umsatz {{!}} Gewinn |url=https://www.boerse.de/fundamental-analyse/ASML-Aktie/NL0010273215 |access-date=26 March 2022 |website=boerse.de |language=de |archive-date=26 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326170734/https://www.boerse.de/fundamental-analyse/ASML-Aktie/NL0010273215 |url-status=live }}

!Year

!2013

!2014

!2015

!2016

!2017

!2018

!2019

!2020

!2021

!2022

!2023

!2024

style="text-align:left"|Revenue

|5,245

|5,856

|6,287

|6,795

|9,053

|10,944

|11,820

|13,979

|18,611

|21,173

|27,559

|28,263

style="text-align:left"|Net income

|1,016

|1,197

|1,387

|1,472

|2,119

|2,592

|2,592

|3,554

|5,883

|5,624

|7,839

|7,572

style="text-align:left"|Assets

|11,514

|12,204

|13,295

|17,206

|18,196

|20,137

|22,630

|27,267

|30,231

|36,300

|39,958

|48,590

style="text-align:left"|Employees

|10,360

|11,318

|12,168

|13,991

|16,219

|20,044

|23,219

|26,614

|29,861

|36,112

|42,416

|43,395

=Shareholder=

class="wikitable"

|+ Top institutional holders{{cite web |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/ASML/holders/?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAJ0vIezBlAP0ynhfXG5fyerX-mdTy_UGzful6Q1l7BkF9tvRiXqTrO1H_eQAKbNOA4VhPXNwZSFr2pJB0zkEKMLOO27d6_UVtUoZow-sNDR4-xPVXDBVycgqEmPkbGaDgDtId0HFUoVqKITDTpRWecesLns4Zbf-ap1j_2RMv7s_ |title=ASML Holding N.V. (ASML) Stock Major Holders |access-date=6 November 2022 |archive-date=10 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010103201/https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/ASML/holders/?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAJ0vIezBlAP0ynhfXG5fyerX-mdTy_UGzful6Q1l7BkF9tvRiXqTrO1H_eQAKbNOA4VhPXNwZSFr2pJB0zkEKMLOO27d6_UVtUoZow-sNDR4-xPVXDBVycgqEmPkbGaDgDtId0HFUoVqKITDTpRWecesLns4Zbf-ap1j_2RMv7s_ |url-status=live }}

!Holder

!Shares

!Date reported

!% out

!Value

Price (T. Rowe) Associates Inc

|10,991,878

|29 June 2022

|2.70%

|5,152,552,838

Capital World Investors

|{{0}}6,492,254

|29 June 2022

|1.60%

|3,043,309,048

Fisher Asset Management, LLC

|{{0}}4,595,741

|29 June 2022

|1.13%

|2,154,299,596

Capital International Investors

|{{0}}3,919,239

|29 June 2022

|0.96%

|1,837,182,511

Morgan Stanley

|{{0}}3,156,574

|29 June 2022

|0.78%

|1,479,675,659

WCM Investment Management, LLC

|{{0}}3,089,503

|29 Sep. 2022

|0.76%

|1,448,235,456

Edgewood Management Company

|{{0}}2,919,498

|29 June 2022

|0.72%

|1,368,543,910

State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co

|{{0}}2,834,225

|29 June 2022

|0.70%

|1,328,571,338

FMR, LLC

|{{0}}2,763,695

|29 June 2022

|0.68%

|1,295,509,695

Sands Capital Management, LLC

|{{0}}1,942,740

|29 June 2022

|0.48%

|{{0|0,}}910,678,821

class="wikitable"

|+ Top mutual fund holders

!Holder

!Shares

!Date reported

!% out

!Value

American Balanced Fund

|2,523,702

|29 September 2022

|0.62%

|1,183,010,574

Growth Fund Of America Inc

|2,407,395

|29 September 2022

|0.59%

|1,128,490,503

iShares Core MSCI EAFE ETF

|2,138,919

|29 September 2022

|0.53%

|1,002,639,691

Washington Mutual Investors Fund

|2,138,040

|29 September 2022

|0.53%

|1,002,227,651

Advisors Inner Circle Fund-Edgewood Growth Fd

|1,623,694

|29 June 2022

|0.40%

|761,122,815

Price (T.Rowe) Growth Stock Fund Inc.

|1,627,216

|29 June 2022

|0.40%

|762,773,788

iShares MSCI Eafe ETF

|1,319,874

|29 September 2022

|0.32%

|618,704,149

Invesco ETF Tr-Invesco QQQ Tr, Series 1 ETF

|1,264,161

|29 September 2022

|0.31%

|592,588,122

New Perspective Fund Inc

|1,217,878

|29 September 2022

|0.30%

|570,892,503

Investment Managers Ser Tr-WCM Focused International Growth Fd

|1,197,952

|30 July 2022

|0.29%

|561,551,991

Sponsorships

ASML became a sponsor of the PSV soccer club in 2019 together with Philips, VDL Groep, Royal Swinkels Family Brewers and Jumbo Supermarkets from the Brainport region.{{Cite web |title=Sports, arts and music initiatives at ASML |url=https://www.asml.com/en/company/community-engagement/culture |access-date=2024-06-26 |website=ASML |language=en}}{{Cite web |date=2023-12-18 |title=Brainport and companies unite |url=https://www.psv.nl/en/business/sponsoring/premium-partners |access-date=2024-06-26 |website=www.psv.nl |language=en-us}} Together they run various initiatives like soccer training camps for school children, the development of interactive programs for teaching, assisting community members in need or who are new to the region, as well as supporting a vitality program that is online.{{Cite web |date=2021-06-11 |title=PSV and ASML expand cooperation |url=https://www.psv.nl/en/media/artikel/psv-en-asml-breiden-samenwerking-uit |access-date=2024-06-26 |website=www.psv.nl |language=en-us}}{{Cite web |title=Annual Report 2021 |url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/937966/000093796622000013/asml-20211231.htm |access-date=2024-06-26 |website=www.sec.gov}} ASML was the title partner of the Eindhoven marathon from 2022 - 2024.{{Cite web |date=2022-05-18 |title=ASML to be title partner of Eindhoven Marathon for coming three years |url=https://www.asml.com/en/news/press-releases/2022/asml-to-be-title-partner-of-eindhoven-marathon-for-coming-three-years |access-date=2025-02-04 |website=ASML |language=en}}

Awards

  • The IEEE Spectrum Emerging Technology 2018 Award was given to ASML for its Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography system. ASML is currently the top supplier of photolithography systems to the semiconductor industry.{{cite web|url=https://ieeetv.ieee.org/ieeetv-specials/ieee-spectrum-emerging-technology-award-asml-2018-ieee-honors-ceremony|title=IEEE Spectrum Emerging Technology Award ASML 2018 IEEE honors ceremony|access-date=6 November 2022|website=IEEE|date=30 May 2018 |archive-date=13 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221113155637/https://ieeetv.ieee.org/ieeetv-specials/ieee-spectrum-emerging-technology-award-asml-2018-ieee-honors-ceremony|url-status=live}}
  • In the category for Popular Prize, Vadim Banine received the 2018 European Inventor Award for shaping the future of microchip manufacturing.{{cite web |url=https://www.zeiss.com/semiconductor-manufacturing-technology/news-and-events/smt-press-releases/european-inventor-award-2018.html |title=European Inventor Award 2018 |access-date=6 November 2022 |website=zeiss.com |archive-date=13 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221113161137/https://www.zeiss.com/semiconductor-manufacturing-technology/news-and-events/smt-press-releases/european-inventor-award-2018.html |url-status=live }}
  • The largest independent microelectronics research center in Europe is called IMEC (Interuniversity Micro Electronics Centre). Martin van den Brink of ASML was given the 2019 IMEC Lifetime of Innovation Award.{{cite web|url=https://eindhovennews.com/news/2019/05/asml-man-wins-top-award/|title=ASML Man wins top award|access-date=3 November 2022|website=eindhovennews.com|date=15 May 2019|archive-date=13 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221113155924/https://eindhovennews.com/news/2019/05/asml-man-wins-top-award/|url-status=live}}
  • The Netherlands Association for Investor Relations (NEVIR), where listed companies and professionals in investor relations had the chance to be recognized for their outstanding work in the sector, presented awards to ASML in the categories: "Best Company in the field of Investor Relations" during the Dutch IR Awards 2019 annual award ceremony.{{cite web|url=https://cffcommunications.nl/blog/2019/01/11/asml-besi-basic-fit-winners-dutch-ir-awards-2019/|title=ASML, BESI, Basic Fit winners Dutch IR Awards 2019|access-date=3 November 2022|website=cffcommunications.nl|date=11 January 2019|archive-date=13 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221113155918/https://cffcommunications.nl/blog/2019/01/11/asml-besi-basic-fit-winners-dutch-ir-awards-2019/|url-status=live}}
  • ASML received the SEMI Americas Award at the 2020 edition of the microelectronics conference SEMICON West for its collaborative approach to extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUV), which helped it become commercially viable and opened the door to new technological possibilities.{{cite web|url=https://www.asml.com/en/news/stories/2020/asml-wins-semi-americas-award-for-euv|title=ASML wins semi-Americas Award for EUV|access-date=30 October 2022|website=asml.com|date=20 July 2020 |archive-date=30 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221030132610/https://www.asml.com/en/news/stories/2020/asml-wins-semi-americas-award-for-euv|url-status=live}}
  • The Intel Preferred Quality Supplier (PQS) Award for 2020 was awarded to ASML. ASML has attained a level of performance that continuously surpasses Intel's expectations for the commitment to continual quality improvement.{{cite web|url=https://www.marketscreener.com/quote/stock/ASML-HOLDING-N-V-12002973/news/ASML-N-earns-Intel-s-2020-Preferred-Quality-Supplier-PQS-Award-32840329/|title=ASML earns Intel's 2020 Preferred Quality Supplier PQS Award|access-date=30 October 2022|website=marketscreener.com|date=30 March 2021 |archive-date=30 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221030132610/https://www.marketscreener.com/quote/stock/ASML-HOLDING-N-V-12002973/news/ASML-N-earns-Intel-s-2020-Preferred-Quality-Supplier-PQS-Award-32840329/|url-status=live}}
  • The Dutch Innovation Prize 2021 was awarded to ASML at the 4th National BID AVROTROS Innovation Dinner held at Kasteel Wittenburg in Wassenaar.{{cite web|url=https://siliconcanals.com/news/startups/asml-wins-dutch-innovation-prize/|title=ASML Wins Dutch Innovation Prize|access-date=30 October 2022|website=siliconcanals.com|date=27 October 2021|archive-date=30 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221030132610/https://siliconcanals.com/news/startups/asml-wins-dutch-innovation-prize/|url-status=live}}
  • ASML received the first CoSta Award for the most successful and impactful innovative partnership between a corporate company and a startup.{{cite web|url=https://www.incooling.com/news/asml-and-incooling-win-costa-award/|title=ASML and Incooling Win CoSta Award|access-date=12 November 2022|website=incooling.com|archive-date=13 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221113170251/https://www.incooling.com/news/asml-and-incooling-win-costa-award/|url-status=live}}

References

{{Reflist}}