Login
Login

Abutilon

{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| image = Abutilon theophrasti 2015-08-29 5732.JPG

| image_caption = Abutilon theophrasti

| display_parents = 2

| taxon = Abutilon

| authority = Mill.{{cite web |url=http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40003039 |title=Abutilon Mill. |work=Tropicos |publisher=Missouri Botanical Garden |access-date=2017-04-18}}

| subdivision_ranks = Species

| subdivision = about 200, see text

| synonyms =

  • Abortopetalum {{small|O.Deg. (1932)}}
  • Abutilaea {{small|F.Muell. (1852)}}
  • Abutilothamnus {{small|Ulbr. (1915)}}
  • Bastardia {{small|Kunth (1822)}}
  • Bastardiopsis {{small|(K.Schum.) Hassl. (1910)}}
  • Beloere {{small|Shuttlew. (1852)}}

| synonyms_ref = [https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000557-2 Abutilon Mill.] Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 18 June 2023.

}}

Abutilon {{IPAc-en|ə|ˈ|b|juː|t|ᵻ|l|ɒ|n}}Sunset Western Garden Book. 1995. 606–07. is a large genus of flowering plants in the mallow family, Malvaceae.{{cite journal |last1=Fryxell |first1=Paul |title=An Abutilon nomenclator (Malvaceae) |date=November 2002 |issue=5 |pages=79–118 |url=https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/32757/Fryxell_Lundellia05.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y}} It is distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=100054 Abutilon.] Flora of China. of the Americas, Africa, Asia, and Australia.{{Cite journal |jstor = 4111131|doi = 10.2307/4111131|title = New Species of Abutilon (Malvaceae) from Sao Paulo State, Brazil|year = 2002|last1 = Esteves|first1 = G. L.|last2 = Krapovickas|first2 = A.|journal = Kew Bulletin|volume = 57|issue = 2|page = 479| bibcode=2002KewBu..57..479E }} General common names include Indian mallow[https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=21659 Abutilon.] Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). and velvetleaf;[http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?24 Genus: Abutilon Mill.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140429232842/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?24 |date=2014-04-29 }} Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). ornamental varieties may be known as room maple, parlor maple, or flowering maple.

The genus name is an 18th-century Neo-Latin word{{OED|abutilon}} that came from the Arabic {{transliteration|ar|ALA-LC|’abū-ṭīlūn}} ({{lang|ar|أبو طيلون}}),{{cite web|last=Porcher|first=Michel H.|title=Sorting plant names: Arabic index|url=http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Arabic_index_new.html|work=Multilingual, Multiscript Plant Name Database|publisher=University of Melbourne|year=2006}}
Transcribed as abū-taylūn in the Plant Index. The New Oxford American Dictionary (3rd edition) gives ūbūṭīlūn the name given by Avicenna to this or a similar genus.{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Abutilon}}: written aubūtīlūn in both Britannica and the OED.

The type species is Abutilon theophrasti. Several species formerly placed in Abutilon, including the cultivated species and hybrids commonly known as "flowering maples", have recently (2012, 2014) been transferred to the new genus Callianthe.

Description

Plants of this genus include herbs, shrubs, and trees. They range in height from about {{convert|0.5|to|3|m|ft|abbr=off|sp=us}}.{{cite book|author=Hildyard, A.|title=Endangered Wildlife and Plants of the World|year=2001|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5yp9qz59DY0C&pg=PA22|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|isbn=978-0-7614-7194-3|page=22}} The herbage is generally hairy to woolly or bristly.[http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_IJM.pl?tid=9052 Abutilon.] The Jepson eFlora 2013. The leaf blades are usually entire, but the occasional species has lobed leaves. They are palmately veined and have wavy or serrated edges. Flowers are solitary, paired, or borne in small inflorescences in the leaf axils or toward the branch tips. The calyx is bell-shaped with five lobes. The corolla is usually bell-shaped to wheel-shaped, with five petals joined at the bases.

The flowers of wild species are most often yellow or orange, but can be red or pinkish, sometimes with a darker center. The stamens are fused into a tube lined at the mouth with anthers. Inside the tube is the branching style with head-like stigmas. The fruit is a rounded or hemispherical schizocarp with up to 20 segments, each containing a few seeds.

Species

There are about 200 species in the genus. Plants of the World Online accepts 177 species.

Species include:{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?24 |title=GRIN Species Records of Abutilon |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |access-date=2010-12-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924114917/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?24 |archive-date=2015-09-24 |url-status=dead }}

=Hybrids=

=Formerly placed here=

Cultivation

Some abutilons are cultivated as garden plants. Several hybrids and cultivars have been developed.

Cultivars, hybrids, and species that have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit include:

{{div col|colwidth=15em}}

  • A. megapotamicum{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/85/Abutilon-megapotamicum/Details

| title = Abutilon megapotamicum | publisher = RHS | access-date = 27 February 2020}}

  • A. × milleri{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/93283/Abutilon-x-milleri-hort/Details

| title = Abutilon × milleri| publisher = RHS | access-date = 27 February 2020}}

  • 'Canary Bird' {{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/96120/Abutilon-Canary-Bird/Details

| title = Abutilon 'Canary Bird' | publisher = RHS | access-date = 27 February 2020}}

  • 'Cannington Carol'{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/25995/Abutilon-Cannington-Carol-(v)/Details

| title = Abutilon 'Cannington Carol' | publisher = RHS | access-date = 27 February 2020}}

  • 'Cannington Peter' {{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/25997/Abutilon-Cannington-Peter-(v)/Details

| title = Abutilon 'Cannington Peter' | publisher = RHS | access-date = 27 February 2020}}

  • 'Kentish Belle'{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/97476/Abutilon-Kentish-Belle/Details

| title = Abutilon 'Kentish Belle' | publisher = RHS | access-date = 27 February 2020}}

  • 'Linda Vista Peach'{{cite web | url=https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/145999/Abutilon-Linda-Vista-Peach/Details

| title = Abutilon 'Linda Vista Peach | publisher = RHS | access-date = 27 February 2020}}

  • 'Marion'{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/102877/Abutilon-Marion/Details

| title = Abutilon 'Marion' | publisher = RHS | access-date = 27 February 2020}}

  • 'Nabob' {{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/99375/Abutilon-Nabob/Details

| title = Abutilon 'Nabob' | publisher = RHS | access-date = 27 February 2020}}

  • 'Orange Glow' {{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/50694/Abutilon-Orange-Glow-(v)/Details

| title = Abutilon 'Orange Glow | publisher = RHS | access-date = 27 February 2020}}

  • 'Savitzii'{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/94010/Abutilon-Savitzii-(v)/Details

| title = Abutilon 'Savitzii' | publisher = RHS | access-date = 27 February 2020}}

  • 'Souvenir de Bonn'{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/26006/Abutilon-Souvenir-de-Bonn-(v)/Details

| title = Abutilon 'Souvenir de Bonn' | publisher = RHS | access-date = 27 February 2020}}

  • 'Veronica Tennant' {{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/95797/Abutilon-vitifolium-Veronica-Tennant/Details

| title = Abutilon 'Veronica Tennant' | publisher = RHS | access-date = 27 February 2020}}

{{div col end}}

Abutilons can be propagated from seed or via cuttings. A. megapoticum is grown as a house plant, but needs considerable light, including several hours of sunlight per day, and moderate temperatures of {{convert|61 to 74|F||sp=us}}. The best potting medium is a loose soil rich in organic material and sand and watered when dry to the touch. The amount of watering should be reduced from November to March and the plant pruned back one third at the end of this rest period. The plant is prone to attack by scale insects. The plant is best replaced every two to three years with new specimens.{{cite book |last1=Chiusoli |first1=Alessandro |last2=Boriani |first2=Luisa Maria |title=Simon & Schuster's guide to houseplants |date=1986 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |location=New York |isbn=0671631314}}

Gallery

File:Abutilon theophrasti 002.jpg|Abutilon theophrasti

File:Starr 021209-0009 Abutilon incanum.jpg|Abutilon incanum

Image:Abutilonmenziesii2web.jpg|Abutilon menziesii

File:Abutilon pictum 02.jpg|Abutilon pictum

File:Abutilon Kentish Belle.JPG|Abutilon 'Kentish Belle'

File:Abutilon_megapotamicum2500604731.jpg|Abutilon megapotamicum

File:Abutilon Indicum 7288.JPG|Abutilon indicum

File:Starr 031210-0131 Abutilon grandifolium.jpg|Abutilon grandifolium

References

{{Reflist|30em}}

External links

{{Commons category}}

  • [https://homevgarden.com/abutilon-plant-info-and-care-from-a-to-z/ Abutilon Plant Info and Care] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201112010/https://homevgarden.com/abutilon-plant-info-and-care-from-a-to-z/ |date=2020-12-01 }}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q132638}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Malvaceae genera

Category:Taxa named by Philip Miller

Category:Taxa described in 1754