Academy of Fine Arts, Munich

File:Aerial image of the Academy of Fine Arts Munich.jpg

The Academy of Fine Arts, Munich ({{langx|de|link=no|Akademie der Bildenden Künste München}}, also known as Munich Academy) is one of the oldest and most significant art academies in Germany. It is located in the Maxvorstadt district of Munich, in Bavaria, Germany.{{Cite web |title=Academy of Fine Arts Munich |url=https://universitaet.com/en/universities/uni-profiles/academy-of-fine-arts-munich |access-date=2025-06-02 |website=Universitaet.com |language=en}}

In the second half of the 19th century, the academy became one of the most important institutions in Europe for training artists and attracted students from across Europe and the United States.Fuhrmeister, Christian. 2010. American Artists in Munich: Artistic Migration and Cultural Exchange Processes.

History

The history of the academy goes back to 1770 with the founding by Elector Maximilian III. Joseph, of a "drawing school", the "Zeichnungs Schule respective Maler und Bildhauer Academie". In 1808, under King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria, it became the Royal Academy of Fine Arts. The curriculum focused was on painting, graphics, sculpture and architecture.[https://www.munich.travel/en/pois/urban-districts/akademie-der-bildenden-kuenste "Akademie der Bildenden Künste", Landeshauptstadt München]

The Munich School refers to a group of painters who worked in Munich or were trained at the Academy between 1850 and 1918. The paintings are characterized by a naturalistic style and dark chiaroscuro. Typical painting subjects included landscape, portraits, genre, still-life, and history. Karl von Piloty, the foremost representative of the realistic school in Germany, became director in 1874.Norman, Geraldine, Nineteenth-Century Painters and Painting: A Dictionary. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1978. p. 167 {{ISBN|0-520-03328-0}}

From 1900 to 1918 the academy's director was Ferdinand Freiherr von Miller.{{NDB|17|516|517|Ferdinand von Miller|Peter Volk|118783998}} During the Second World War, Hitler replaced the academy’s “non-Aryan” professors with Nazi artists. In 1946, the Royal Academy of Fine Arts was merged with the School of arts and crafts and the School of applied arts. In 1953, its name was changed to the current Academy of Fine Arts.

Buildings

File:Adbk.jpg facade (1886).]]

File:München Akademie der Bildenden Künste (Erweiterungsbau).JPG expansion, designed by Coop Himmelb(l)au (2005).]]

The large 19th-century Renaissance Revival style building complex, designed by Gottfried Neureuther, was completed in 1886. It has housed the Academy since then.

A new Deconstructivist style expansion, designed by the architectural firm Coop Himmelb(l)au as an extension from the original building, was completed in 2005.{{Cite web|url=http://www.pgb-gmbh.de/page_assets/Qualit%C3%A4t/Publikationen/BM11.pdf|title=Erweiterung der Kunstakademie|last=Bachmann|first=Wolfgang|access-date=20 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820141236/http://www.pgb-gmbh.de/page_assets/Qualit%C3%A4t/Publikationen/BM11.pdf|archive-date=20 August 2018|url-status=dead}}

The AkademieGalerie (gallery of the academy) is located at the nearby subway station Universität. Since 1989 students could show artworks especially created for this location.{{Cite web|url=https://www.adbk.de/de/aktuell/akademiegalerie.html|title=Akademie der Bildenden Künste München – AkademieGalerie|website=www.adbk.de|language=de-de|access-date=20 August 2018}}

Study

The Academy of Fine Arts, Munich offers undergraduate and graduate programs in the fields of fine arts, art education, interior architecture, and related disciplines.{{Cite web |title=Academy of Fine Arts Munich Programs |url=https://universitaet.com/en/universities/uni-profiles/academy-of-fine-arts-munich/study-programs |access-date=2025-06-02 |website=Universitaet.com |language=en}} The institution emphasizes a class-based teaching model, where students are assigned to specific classes led by professors, each representing distinct artistic approaches. This structure is complemented by interdisciplinary seminars, lectures, and access to specialized workshops.{{Cite web |title=Akademie der Bildenden Künste München – Global Exchange & Erasmus International |url=https://www.adbk.de/de/international/incoming/global-exchange-incoming.html |access-date=2025-06-02 |website=www.adbk.de}}

== Undergraduate Programs ==

Fine Arts (Diploma): This program encompasses various disciplines, including painting, sculpture, photography, graphic arts, media art, performance, jewelry and hollowware, scenography, and stage costume design. Students are assigned to one of approximately 25 classes, each led by a professor with a unique artistic focus.{{Cite web |title=Academy of Fine Arts Munich - Directory |url=https://www.e-flux.com/directory/456142/academy-of-fine-arts-munich/ |access-date=2025-06-02 |website=e-flux |language=en}}
Art Education (State Examination): Designed for those intending to teach art at the secondary school level, this program combines practical artistic training with pedagogical studies.{{Cite web |last=StudyInFocus |title=Academy of Fine Arts Munich {{!}} Akademie der Bildenden Künste München - StudyInFocus |url=https://studyinfocus.com/highschool/adbk/ |access-date=2025-06-02 |website=studyinfocus.com |language=en}}
Interior Architecture (Bachelor of Arts): A three-year program focusing on the design and conceptualization of interior spaces, integrating artistic and technical aspects.{{Cite web |title=Profil {{!}} Studiengang Innenarchitektur {{!}} ADBK München |url=https://innenarchitektur.adbk-muenchen.de/studium |access-date=2025-06-02 |website=innenarchitektur.adbk-muenchen.de |language=de}}

== Graduate Programs ==

Interior Architecture (Master of Arts): A two-year consecutive program that builds upon the bachelor's degree, emphasizing advanced design concepts and research in interior architecture.{{Cite web |title=Profil {{!}} Studiengang Innenarchitektur {{!}} ADBK München |url=https://innenarchitektur.adbk-muenchen.de/studium |access-date=2025-06-02 |website=innenarchitektur.adbk-muenchen.de |language=de}}
Architecture and Art (Master of Arts): This program explores the intersection of architectural design and artistic expression, fostering interdisciplinary approaches.
Fine Arts and Therapy (Master of Arts): Combining artistic practice with therapeutic methodologies, this program prepares students for careers in art therapy.

Teaching

The study at the Academy is organized in class associations. Overall, the Academy accommodates twenty-three classes, led by professors, who each stand for an individual approach to contemporary fine art. These classes are complemented by twenty study workshops and a library, as well as seminars and lectures in art science, philosophy and didactics.{{Cite web|url=https://www.adbk.de/de/studium.html|title=Informationen zum Studium|website=Akademie der Bildenden Künste München}}

The following study programs are offered:

Free Art (Diploma)
Art Education (State Examination and Master Degree)
Interior Architecture (Bachelor and Master Degree)
Architecture (Master Degree)
Art Therapy (Master Degree)

Admission

Admission to the Academy's programs typically requires the submission of a portfolio demonstrating artistic aptitude. Successful applicants are invited to participate in practical and oral examinations. Proficiency in the German language is generally expected, as most courses are taught in German.{{Cite web |title=Academy of Fine Arts Munich, Germany {{!}} Application, Courses, Fee, Ranking {{!}} Standyou |url=https://www.standyou.com/study-abroad/academy-of-fine-arts-munich-germany/ |access-date=2025-06-02 |website=standyou.com |language=en-us}}{{Cite web |title=Studieren in Bayern: Akademie der Bildenden Künste München |url=https://www.studieren-in-bayern.de/hochschulen/kunsthochschulen/akademie-der-bildenden-kuenste-muenchen/ |access-date=2025-06-02 |website=www.studieren-in-bayern.de}}