Acanthocalycium rhodotrichum

{{Short description|Species of cactus}}

{{Speciesbox

| image =Echinopsis rhodotricha K. Schumann in habitat.JPG

| image_caption =

|status = LC

|status_system = IUCN3.1

|status_ref ={{cite journal | title=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | journal=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | date=2010-09-20 | url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/152091/121458086 | access-date=2023-09-17 | page=}}

| taxon = Acanthocalycium rhodotrichum

| authority = (K.Schum.) Schlumpb. 2012

| synonyms ={{collapsible list |bullets=on

|Echinocactus forbesii {{small|Lehm. 1843}}

|Echinopsis chacoana {{small|Schütz 1949}}

|Echinopsis chacoana var. spinosior {{small|F.Ritter 1965}}

|Echinopsis forbesii {{small|A.Dietr. 1849}}

|Echinopsis klingleriana {{small|Cárdenas 1965}}

|Echinopsis meyeri {{small|Heese 1907}}

|Echinopsis minuana {{small|Speg. 1905}}

|Echinopsis pentlandii var. forbesii {{small|(A.Dietr.) Rud.Mey. 1897}}

|Echinopsis rhodotricha {{small|K.Schum.}}

|Echinopsis rhodotricha var. argentinensis {{small|Rud.Mey. 1911}}

|Echinopsis rhodotricha var. brevispina {{small|F.Ritter 1979}}

|Echinopsis rhodotricha subsp. chacoana {{small|(Schütz) P.J.Braun & Esteves 1995}}

|Echinopsis rhodotricha var. chacoana {{small|(Schütz) F.Ritter 1979}}

|Echinopsis rhodotricha var. robusta {{small|Rud.Mey. 1914}}

|Echinopsis rhodotricha var. roseiflora {{small|K.Schum. 1903}}

|Echinopsis rhodotricha var. spinosior {{small|(F.Ritter) F.Ritter 1979}}

|Echinopsis robinsoniana {{small|Werderm. in Repert. 1934}}

|Echinopsis spegazzinii {{small|K.Schum. ex Speg. 1905}}

|Echinopsis valida {{small|Monv. 1843}}

|Echinopsis valida var. forbesii {{small|Rud.Mey. 1895}}

|Trichocereus validus {{small|(Monv.) Backeb. 1955}}

}}

}}

Acanthocalycium rhodotrichum is a species of Acanthocalycium found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay.{{cite web | title=Acanthocalycium rhodotrichum (K.Schum.) Schlumpb. - Plants of the World Online | website=Plants of the World Online | url=http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77122506-1 | access-date=2022-11-17}}

Description

Acanthocalycium rhodotrichum usually grows in groups with erect or ascending, cylindrical, dull green shoots that reach heights of {{cvt|30 to 80|cm}} with a diameter of up to {{cvt|12|cm}}. There are eight to 18 low ribs that are somewhat wavy. The areoles on it are {{cvt|1.5 to 2.5|cm}} apart. Yellowish thorns with a brown tip emerge from them. The single central spine, which can also be absent, is bent slightly upwards and is up to {{cvt|2|cm}} long. The spread and slightly curved four to eight radial spines are up to {{cvt|2|cm}} long. The funnel-shaped white flowers open at night. They grow up to {{cvt|15|cm}} long.{{cite book | last=Anderson | first=Edward F. | last2=Eggli | first2=Urs | last3=Anderson | first3=Edward F. | title=Das große Kakteen-Lexikon | publisher=Ulmer | publication-place=Stuttgart (Hohenheim) | date=2005 | isbn=3-8001-4573-1 | language=de | page=241}}

Distribution

Acanthocalycium rhodotrichum is widespread in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul, in Paraguay and in northeast Argentina at altitudes of up to 500 meters.{{cite web | title=Monatsschrift für Kakteenkunde | publisher=J. Neumann | volume=Bd.10 (1900) | date=1900 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14068062 | access-date=2023-09-17}}

Subspecies

Recognized subspecies:

class="wikitable "
ImageSubspeciesDescriptionDistribution
120pxAcanthocalycium rhodotrichum subsp. chacoanum {{small|(Schütz) Schlumpb.}}Has twelve to 18 ribs and seven to eight marginal spines. The first description as Echinopsis chacoana by Bohumil Schütz was published in 1949. Boris O. Schlumpberger introduced the species as a subspecies to Acanthocalycium rhodotrichum in 2021.{{cite journal | last=Korotkova | first=Nadja | last2=Aquino | first2=David | last3=Arias | first3=Salvador | last4=Eggli | first4=Urs | last5=Franck | first5=Alan | last6=Gómez-Hinostrosa | first6=Carlos | last7=Guerrero | first7=Pablo C. | last8=Hernández | first8=Héctor M. | last9=Kohlbecker | first9=Andreas | last10=Köhler | first10=Matias | last11=Luther | first11=Katja | last12=Majure | first12=Lucas C. | last13=Müller | first13=Andreas | last14=Metzing | first14=Detlev | last15=Nyffeler | first15=Reto | last16=Sánchez | first16=Daniel | last17=Schlumpberger | first17=Boris | last18=Berendsohn | first18=Walter G. | title=Cactaceae at Caryophyllales.org – a dynamic online species-level taxonomic backbone for the family | journal=Willdenowia | publisher=Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Freie Universitaet Berlin | volume=51 | issue=2 | date=2021-08-31 | issn=0511-9618 | doi=10.3372/wi.51.51208 | page=| doi-access=free }}Common in the Chaco vegetation in Paraguay.
120pxAcanthocalycium rhodotrichum subsp. rhodotrichumDistributed deep in the Chaco vegetation in Paraguay and the Argentine provinces of Chaco, Formosa, Corrientes, Entre Ríos, Santiago del Estero and Santa Fe.

Taxonomy

The first description as Echinopsis rhodotricha by Karl Moritz Schumann was published in 1900. Boris O. Schlumpberger placed the species in the genus Acanthocalycium in 2012.

References

{{Reflist}}