Acanthuroidei
{{Short description|Suborder of fishes}}
{{Automatic_taxobox
| image = Acanthurus leucosternon 01.JPG
| image_caption = Powderblue surgeonfish
Acanthus leucosternon
| image2 = Oniria - Poisson 150.jpg
| image2_caption = Moorish idol
Zanclus cornutus
| taxon = Acanthuroidei
| authority = Greenwood et al, 1966{{cite journal |author=Richard Winterbottom |year=1993 |title=Myological Evidence for the Phylogeny of Recent Genera of Surgeonfishes (Percomorpha, Acanthuridae), with Comments on the Acanthuroidei |journal=Copeia |volume=1993 |issue=1 |pages=21–39 |doi=10.2307/1446292|jstor=1446292 }}
| subdivision_ranks = Families
| subdivision = see text
| diversity = 19 genera
}}
Acanthuroidei {{IPAc-en|ə|ˌ|k|æ|n|θ|ə|ˈ|r|ɔɪ|d|iː|aɪ}}, is a group of ray finned fishes which is a suborder of the Acanthuriformes, although older classifications regarded it as a suborder of the Perciformes, the largest order of fish,{{cite book |title=Fishes of the World |edition=5th |author1=J. S. Nelson |author2=T. C. Grande |author3=M. V. H. Wilson |year=2016 |pages=497–502 |publisher=Wiley |isbn=978-1-118-34233-6 |url=https://sites.google.com/site/fotw5th/ |access-date=2020-12-24 |archive-date=2019-04-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408194051/https://sites.google.com/site/fotw5th/ |url-status=dead }} The suborder includes the surgeonfish and Moorish idol. Members of this suborder have a compressed body covered with small ctenoid scales. The name for the suborder comes from that of the surgeonfish (Acanthuridae) family within it, and is derived from the Greek words akantha and oura, which loosely translate to "thorn" and "tail", respectively, referring to the "scalpels" found on surgeonfishes' caudal peduncle.{{FishBase family|family=Acanthuridae|year=2007|month=February}}
Families
Acanthuroidei contains the following families:
- Family Luvaridae Gill, 1885 (Luvar)
- Family Zanclidae Bleeker, 1876 (Moorish angels)
- †Family Massalongiidae Tyler & Bannikov, 2005
- †Family Acanthonemidae Bannikov, 1991
- Family Acanthuridae Bonaparte, 1835 (Surgeonfishes)
- Subfamily Nasinae Fowler & Bean, 1929
- Subfamily Acanthurinae Bonaparte, 1835
- Tribe Prionurini J.L.B. Smith, 1966
- Tribe Zebrasomini Winterbottom, 1993
- Tribe Acanthurini Bonaparte, 1835
Timeline of genera
ImageSize = width:1000px height:auto barincrement:15px
PlotArea = left:10px bottom:50px top:10px right:10px
Period = from:-65.5 till:10
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal
ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:-65.5
ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:-65.5
TimeAxis = orientation:hor
AlignBars = justify
Colors =
#legends
id:CAR value:claret
id:ANK value:rgb(0.4,0.3,0.196)
id:HER value:teal
id:HAD value:green
id:OMN value:blue
id:black value:black
id:white value:white
id:cenozoic value:rgb(0.54,0.54,0.258)
id:paleogene value:rgb(0.99,0.6,0.32)
id:paleocene value:rgb(0.99,0.65,0.37)
id:eocene value:rgb(0.99,0.71,0.42)
id:oligocene value:rgb(0.99,0.75,0.48)
id:neogene value:rgb(0.999999,0.9,0.1)
id:miocene value:rgb(0.999999,0.999999,0)
id:pliocene value:rgb(0.97,0.98,0.68)
id:quaternary value:rgb(0.98,0.98,0.5)
id:pleistocene value:rgb(0.999999,0.95,0.68)
id:holocene value:rgb(0.999,0.95,0.88)
BarData=
bar:eratop
bar:space
bar:periodtop
bar:space
bar:NAM1
bar:NAM2
bar:NAM3
bar:NAM4
bar:NAM5
bar:NAM6
bar:space
bar:period
bar:space
bar:era
PlotData=
align:center textcolor:black fontsize:M mark:(line,black) width:25
shift:(7,-4)
bar:periodtop
from: -65.5 till: -55.8 color:paleocene text:Paleocene
from: -55.8 till: -33.9 color:eocene text:Eocene
from: -33.9 till: -23.03 color:oligocene text:Oligocene
from: -23.03 till: -5.332 color:miocene text:Miocene
from: -5.332 till: -2.588 color:pliocene text:Plio.
from: -2.588 till: -0.0117 color:pleistocene text:Pleist.
from: -0.0117 till: 0 color:holocene text:H.
bar:eratop
from: -65.5 till: -23.03 color:paleogene text:Paleogene
from: -23.03 till: -2.588 color:neogene text:Neogene
from: -2.588 till: 0 color:quaternary text:Q.
PlotData=
align:left fontsize:M mark:(line,white) width:5 anchor:till align:left
color:eocene bar:NAM1 from: -55.8 till: 0 text: Acanthurus
color:eocene bar:NAM2 from: -55.8 till: 0 text: Naso
color:eocene bar:NAM3 from: -55.8 till: 0 text: Scatophagus
color:eocene bar:NAM4 from: -55.8 till: 0 text: Zanclus
color:oligocene bar:NAM5 from: -33.9 till: 0 text: Luvarus
color:pliocene bar:NAM6 from: -5.332 till: 0 text: Platax
PlotData=
align:center textcolor:black fontsize:M mark:(line,black) width:25
bar:period
from: -65.5 till: -55.8 color:paleocene text:Paleocene
from: -55.8 till: -33.9 color:eocene text:Eocene
from: -33.9 till: -23.03 color:oligocene text:Oligocene
from: -23.03 till: -5.332 color:miocene text:Miocene
from: -5.332 till: -2.588 color:pliocene text:Plio.
from: -2.588 till: -0.0117 color:pleistocene text:Pleist.
from: -0.0117 till: 0 color:holocene text:H.
bar:era
from: -65.5 till: -23.03 color:paleogene text:Paleogene
from: -23.03 till: -2.588 color:neogene text:Neogene
from: -2.588 till: 0 color:quaternary text:Q.
References
{{Reflist}}
- {{cite journal|last=Sepkoski |first=Jack |title=A compendium of fossil marine animal genera |journal=Bulletins of American Paleontology |volume=364 |pages=560 |year=2002 |url=http://strata.ummp.lsa.umich.edu/jack/showgenera.php?taxon=611&rank=class |access-date=2011-05-19 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723131237/http://strata.ummp.lsa.umich.edu/jack/showgenera.php?taxon=611&rank=class |archive-date=2011-07-23 }}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q481701}}
Category:Ray-finned fish suborders
Category:Articles which contain graphical timelines
{{acanthuroidei-stub}}