Alcedo
{{Short description|Genus of birds}}
{{about|the kingfisher genus}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis.jpg
| image_caption = Common kingfisher (Alcedo atthis)
| taxon = Alcedo
| type_species = Alcedo ispida
| type_species_authority = Linnaeus, 1758
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = See text
}}
{{cladogram|title=Phylogeny
|caption=Cladogram based on Andersen et al. (2017){{ cite journal | last1=Andersen | first1=M.J. | last2=McCullough | first2=J.M. | last3=Mauck III | first3=W.M. | last4=Smith | first4=B.T. | last5=Moyle | first5=R.G. | year=2017 | title=A phylogeny of kingfishers reveals an Indomalayan origin and elevated rates of diversification on oceanic islands | journal=Journal of Biogeography | volume=45 | issue=2 | pages=1–13 | doi=10.1111/jbi.13139 | doi-access=free }}
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|label1=Alcedo
|1={{clade
|1=Javan blue-banded kingfisher
|2={{clade
|1={{clade
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|2={{clade
|1={{clade
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Alcedo is a genus of birds in the kingfisher subfamily Alcedininae. The genus was introduced by Carl Linnaeus in 1758 in the 10th edition of his Systema Naturae.{{cite book | last=Linnaeus | first=C. | author-link=Carl Linnaeus | year=1758 | title= Systema Naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Volume 1| volume=1 | edition=10th | page=115 | publisher=Holmiae:Laurentii Salvii | language=la | url= https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/727020 }} The type species is the common kingfisher (Alcedo ispida, now Alcedo atthis ispida).{{ cite book | editor-last=Peters | editor-first=James Lee | editor-link=James L. Peters | year=1945 | title=Check-list of Birds of the World. Volume 5 | volume=5 | publisher=Harvard University Press | place=Cambridge, Massachusetts | page=170 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14480181 }} Alcedo is the Latin for "kingfisher".{{cite book | last= Jobling | first= James A | year= 2010| title= The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | url= https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling | publisher= Christopher Helm | location = London | isbn = 978-1-4081-2501-4 | page = [https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling/page/n40 40]}}
Species
The genus contains the following eight species:{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | year=2016 | title=Rollers, ground rollers & kingfishers | work=World Bird List Version 6.3 | url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/rollers/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=25 September 2016 }}
class="wikitable " | |||
Image | Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
---|---|---|---|
120px | Alcedo coerulescens | Cerulean kingfisher | Indonesia. |
Alcedo euryzona | Javan blue-banded kingfisher | Java | |
120px | Alcedo peninsulae | Malayan blue-banded kingfisher | Myanmar, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, southwestern Thailand and Borneo |
120px | Alcedo quadribrachys | Shining-blue kingfisher | Senegal and Gambia to west central Nigeria to Kenya, northwest Zambia and north Angola |
120px | Alcedo meninting | Blue-eared kingfisher | Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia |
120px | Alcedo atthis | Common kingfisher | across Eurasia and North Africa |
120px | Alcedo semitorquata | Half-collared kingfisher | southern and eastern Africa. |
120px | Alcedo hercules | Blyth's kingfisher | China, Vietnam, Myanmar, Bhutan in northeastern India, and a vagrant in Bangladesh and eastern Nepal |
Unlike many kingfishers, all members of Alcedo are specialist fish-eaters. They all have some blue feathers on their upper-parts and most species have a black bill.{{ cite journal | last1=Moyle | first1=R.G. | last2=Fuchs | first2=J. | last3=Pasquet | first3=E. | last4=Marks | first4=B.D. | year=2007 | title=Feeding behavior, toe count, and the phylogenetic relationships among alcedinine kingfishers (Alcedininae) | journal=Journal of Avian Biology | volume=38 | issue=3 | pages=317–326 | doi=10.1111/J.2007.0908-8857.03921.x }} Except for the cerulean kingfisher they all have some rufous in their plumage. The female generally has more red on the lower mandible than the male.{{sfn|Fry|Fry|Harris|1992|pp=210-224}} The smallest species is the cerulean kingfisher which is around {{cvt|13|cm}} in length;{{sfn|Fry|Fry|Harris|1992|pp=210-211}} much the largest is Blyth's kingfisher with a length of {{cvt|22|cm}}.{{sfn|Fry|Fry|Harris|1992|pp=223-224}}
References
{{Reflist}}
Sources
- {{cite book | last1=Fry | first1=C. Hilary| last2=Fry | first2=Kathie| last3=Harris | first3=Alan | year=1992 | title=Kingfishers, Bee-eaters, and Rollers| publisher=Christopher Helm | location=London | isbn=978-0-7136-8028-7 }}
External links
- {{Commons-inline|italic=1}}
- {{Wikispecies-inline|Alcedo|Alcedo}}
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Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
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