Aleksandr Deyneka

{{Infobox person

| name = Aleksandr Deyneka

| image = Aleksandr Deyneka.jpg

| native_name = Александр Александрович Дейнека

| birth_date = 20 May 1899

| birth_place = Kursk, Kursk Governorate, Russian Empire

| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1969|6|12|1899|5|20}}

| death_place = Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union

| resting_place = Novodevichy Cemetery, Moscow

| nationality = Soviet

| alma_mater = VKhUTEMAS

| occupation = {{hlist|Painter|graphic artist|sculptor}}

| spouse = Serafima Lychyova (1930–1959), Yelena Volkova-Deyneka (1959–1969)

}}

Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Deyneka ({{langx|ru|Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Дейне́ка}}; May 20, 1899 – June 12, 1969) was a Soviet painter, graphic artist and sculptor, regarded as one of the most important Russian modernist figurative painters of the first half of the 20th century. His Collective Farmer on a Bicycle (1935) has been described as exemplifying the socialist realist style."[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/art/art-reviews/10436202/Art-Turning-Left-Tate-Liverpool-review.html Left out in the cold]" by Alastair Smart in The Telegraph 8 November 2013. Retrieved 10 November 2013.

Life and career

Deyneka was born in Kursk and studied at Kharkov Art College (apprentice of Alexander Lubimov) and at VKhUTEMAS.{{Citation needed|date=May 2021}} He was a founding member of groups such as OST and Oktyabr,{{Cite web |url=http://artinvestment.ru/invest/painters/20130730_deineka.html |title=Художник недели: Александр Дейнека |access-date=2016-01-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202181734/http://artinvestment.ru/invest/painters/20130730_deineka.html |archive-date=2014-02-02 |url-status=dead }} and his work gained wide exposure in major exhibitions. His paintings and drawings (the earliest are often monochrome due to the shortage of art supplies) depict genre scenes as well as labour and often sports. Deyneka later began painting monumental works, such as The Defense of Petrograd in 1928, which remains his most iconic painting, and The Battle of Sevastopol in 1942, The Outskirts of Moscow. November 1941 and The Shot-Down Ace. His mosaics are a feature of Mayakovskaya metro station in Moscow. He is in the highest category "1A - a world famous artist" in "United Art Rating".{{Cite web|url=https://socrealizm.com.ua/gallery/artist/deineka-aa-1899|title=Московский художник Дейнека Александр Александрович|last=|first=|date=|website=Socialist Realism. Kiev club of collectors.|access-date=}}

Deyneka is buried in the Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow.{{Cite book |last=Kipnis |first=Solomon Ye. |author-link=:ru:Кипнис, Соломон Ефимович |url=https://archive.org/details/1995_20210715/page/227/mode/1up |title=Новодевичий Мемориал. Некрополь Новодевичьего кладбища |date=1995 |publisher=Propilyei |location=Moscow |page=227 |language=ru |oclc=34123498}}

Legacy

The title from one of Deyneka's works, "Work, Build and Don't Whine", was used as the title for a 2016 exhibition of Socialist Realist art at London's Gallery for Russian Arts and Design. One modern critic, however, suggested that Deyneka's posters are less radical than his fore-bearers like Alexander Rodchenko, and as a result, less interesting.{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2016/jun/13/superwomen-soviet-art-women-work-build-dont-whine-revolution|title=From kitchen slaves to industrial workers – the superwomen of Soviet art|last=Güner|first=Fisun|date=13 June 2016|work=The Guardian|accessdate=24 October 2016}}{{cite web

|url = https://www.rbth.com/arts/331367-paintings-deyneka

|title = 10 paintings by Aleksandr Deyneka that everyone should know

|language = en

|publisher = Russia Beyond the Headlines

|date = 2019-12-03

|accessdate = 2020-02-19

}}

Honours and awards

Selected works

File:Oborona petrograda.jpg

File:The Defense of Sevastopol 1942.jpg

File:Hokkeisty.jpg

Three Women's Figures, 1920s
The Cabaret, 1921
Перед спуском в шахту, 1924
Football, 1924
After the Rain. Kursk, 1925
Springtime, 1925
The Skiers, 1926
Tennis, 1926
На стройке новых цехов, 1926
[http://pesto.art.pl/goscie/rozne/dejneka_hala.jpg Textile Workers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303172743/http://pesto.art.pl/goscie/rozne/dejneka_hala.jpg |date=2016-03-03 }}, 1927
The Ode to the Spring, 1927
[http://www.staratel.com/pictures/ruspaint/big/197-1.jpg The Defense of Petrograd], 1928, Central Museum of the Defense Forces of the USSR, Moscow
Механизируем Донбасс! (poster), 1930
Китай на пути освобождения от империализма (poster), 1930
Надо стать самим специалистами (poster), 1930
Book Cover, 1931
The Interventionists' Mercenary, 1931
[https://web.archive.org/web/20070810054627/http://vshapes.bip.ru/personals/deineka/onabalkony.jpg On the Balcony], 1931
Crosscountry Race, 1931
A Girl at the Window. Winter, 1931
Mother, 1932
[http://maslovka.info/images/555/DEY-9.jpg Soccer Game], 1932
[https://web.archive.org/web/20070810054618/http://demoscope.ru/weekly/2006/0241/img/deineka.jpg The Sleeping Boy With Cornflowers], 1932
Noon, 1932
The Football Player, 1932
[https://web.archive.org/web/20110718225741/http://artclassic.edu.ru/attach.asp?a_no=6619 Кто кого?], 1932
In the Airs, 1932
The Night Landscape with Horses and Dry Grasses, 1933
Girls Swimming, 1933
Dry Leaves, 1933
Resting Children, 1933
Communists at Interrogation, 1933
Физкультурница / Работать, строить и не ныть! (poster), 1933
Without Work in Berlin, 1933
The Pier, 1933
The Race, 1933
[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927172241/http://painting.artyx.ru/art_painting/painting/item/f00/s00/e0000866/pic/000000.jpg Runners], 1934
Skiers, 1934
Landscape with a Herd, 1934
[http://www.deineka.ru/images/works/vratar.jpg Goalkeeper], 1934
[https://web.archive.org/web/20070810054616/http://printempsdesmusees.culture.fr/prg/img/europe/99007001.jpg A Pioneer. Kursk], 1934
Crimean Pioneers, 1934
A Parachuter above the Sea, 1934
Quirinal Place, Rome, 1934
Spanish Stairways, 1934
[https://web.archive.org/web/20070810054630/http://vshapes.bip.ru/personals/deineka/romastreet.jpg A Street in Rome]
[http://foto.mail.ru/mail/kenga1/1/i-251.jpg Monks], 1935
An Italian motif, 1935
The Park, 1935
The Portrait of S.I.L. with the Straw Hat, 1935
Tuileries, 1935
Quai de la Seine, 1935
[https://web.archive.org/web/20070810054616/http://imagecache2.allposters.com/images/BEN/AB5869.jpg Paris. In a Café], 1935
[http://www.msi-mall.com/art/avantgarde/images/pictures/60.jpg Une parisienne] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303182911/http://www.msi-mall.com/art/avantgarde/images/pictures/60.jpg |date=2016-03-03 }}, 1935
Негритянский концерт, 1935
The Boredom, 1935
[http://www.msi-mall.com/art/avantgarde/images/pictures/61.jpg The Road to Mount-Vernon] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303172443/http://www.msi-mall.com/art/avantgarde/images/pictures/61.jpg |date=2016-03-03 }}, 1935
{{Cite web |url=http://www.guggenheim.org/artscurriculum/images/russian_L8_l.jpg |title=Collective Farmer on a Bicycle |access-date=August 3, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080624225615/http://www.guggenheim.org/artscurriculum/images/russian_L8_l.jpg |archive-date=June 24, 2008 |url-status=bot: unknown |df=mdy-all }}, 1935
A Lunch Break in Donbass, 1935
Первая пятилетка, 1936
The Model, 1936
[http://www.artdaily.com//Fotos/galerias/293/Deinekab.jpg The Future Pilots], 1937
The Stakhanovites, 1937
Woman in Red, 1939
The Lilacs
Nikitka – The First Russian Pilot, 1940
The Left March, 1941
The Outskirts of Moscow. November 1941
Sverdlov Place in December 1941
Evening. The Patriarch Ponds, 1941
A Burned down Village, 1942
Эвакуация колхозного скота
Колхозницы роют противотанковые рвы на подступах к Москве
Ремонт танков на прифронтовом заводе
Танки идут на фронт
Наступление началось
The Defense of Sebastopol, 1942
The Knocked down Ace, 1943
Nude Woman Sitting, 1943
Under Occupation, 1944
Expanse, 1944
Above the Devastated Berlin, 1944
Berlin. The Day of the Declaration, 1945
A Stadium in Berlin, 1945
Near Kursk. Tuskor' River, 1945
Relay Race (sculpture), 1945
A Boxer (sculpture), 1947
100-meter Race (sculpture), 1947
Relay Race on the Garden Ring, 1947
[https://web.archive.org/web/20070810054617/http://photos.streamphoto.ru/f/6/5/w400_ebad80f245932610566d990a2df5856f.jpg Donbass], 1947
The Studio Window, 1947
In Sebastopol, 1947
Self-portrait, 1948
The Space of Building Sites under Moscow, 1949
The Skiers (mosaic)], 1950
Football Players (sculpture), 1950
Перед забегом (sculpture), 1951
A Nude Girl, 1951
Дачный поселок Кратово, 1951
In Sebastopol, 1947
On the Skating Rink in Kratovo, 1951
The Snow Maiden, 1954
The Laying Woman with a Ball, 1954
Still Life. Strawberries, 1955
A Nude Model, 1955
Football players (sculpture), 1955
The Tractor Driver, 1956
In Sebastopol, 1956
[http://www.deineka.ru/images/works/u_morya.jpg Near the Sea], 1956–1957
Putting the Shot (sculpture), 1957
Голова парашютиста (mosaic), 1957
A Nice Morning (mosaic)], 1959–1960
Hockey Players (mosaic)], 1959–1960
October Slogans of Peace by the Narvsky Gate, 1960
A Milker (mosaic), 1962
The Red Guardsman (mosaic), 1962
A Villa in Rome, 1965
The Young Designer, 1966
In the South (detail), 1966
[http://max.mmlc.northwestern.edu/~mdenner/Drama/visualarts/neorealism/deineka-31.jpg Владимир Маяковский в РОСТА] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207080522/http://max.mmlc.northwestern.edu/~mdenner/Drama/visualarts/neorealism/deineka-31.jpg |date=2012-02-07 }}
Летнее приволье
Running Sportswoman (sculpture)
The Cat and the Cook

References

External links

[https://web.archive.org/web/20070928204426/http://www.deineka.info/ Biography and works of Alexander Deineka (Deyneka)]
[https://www.rbth.com/arts/331367-paintings-deyneka 10] notable works of Deyneka
{{Find a Grave}}

Category:1899 births

Category:1969 deaths

Category:20th-century Russian painters

Category:20th-century Russian sculptors

Category:People from Kursk

Category:Communist Party of the Soviet Union members

Category:Full Members of the USSR Academy of Arts

Category:Vkhutemas alumni

Category:Heroes of Socialist Labour

Category:People's Artists of the USSR (visual arts)

Category:Recipients of the Lenin Prize

Category:Recipients of the Order of Lenin