All-source intelligence
{{Intelligence}}
All-source intelligence is a term used to describe intelligence organizations, intelligence analysts, or intelligence products that are based on all available sources of intelligence collection information.{{cite web|title=All-source intelligence|url=https://definitions.uslegal.com/a/all-source-intelligence/|access-date=September 1, 2019|website=USLegal.com}}{{cite book|title=Joint Publication 1-02, Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms|url=https://usacac.army.mil/sites/default/files/misc/doctrine/CDG/cdg_resources/manuals/jps/jp1_02.pdf|author=U.S. Department of Defense|date=February 15, 2013|access-date=September 1, 2019|archive-date=February 9, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170209184834/http://usacac.army.mil/sites/default/files/misc/doctrine/CDG/cdg_resources/manuals/jps/jp1_02.pdf|url-status=dead}}
History
The definition of all-source intelligence has changed over time. The distinction between intelligence that is single source and that which uses multiple sources has become outmoded. Intelligence analysts that produced intelligence primarily from SIGINT or IMINT, for instance, were considered single-INT producers. Because of the need to incorporate all-relevant information in reporting, IMINT analysts became GEOINT analysts that include not only IMINT but relevant information from other intelligence sources. This was especially important in the aftermath of the 9/11 intelligence failures. In the aftermath of these events, collaborative tools such as A-Space and Intellipedia are used for collaboration amongst all members of the Intelligence Community.{{cite book | url=https://www.afio.com/publications/Fingar_All_Source_Analysis_in_AFIO_INTEL_WinterSprg2012.pdf|author=Fingar, Thomas|title=A Guide to All-source Analysis|access-date=September 1, 2019|volume=19|number=1|year=2012|publisher=Journal of Intelligence Studies}}
Sources
Sources considered for use in all-source intelligence analysis include the following:
- {{annotated link|Human intelligence (intelligence gathering)|HUMINT}}
- {{annotated link|Measurement and signature intelligence|MASINT}}
- {{annotated link|Signals intelligence|SIGINT}}
- {{annotated link|Geospatial intelligence}}
- {{annotated link|Imagery intelligence|IMINT}}
- {{annotated link|Open-source intelligence|OSINT}}
- {{annotated link|Technical intelligence|TECHINT}}
Organizations
The following organizational components of the U.S. Intelligence Community employ analysts that produce all-source intelligence:See individual articles for detailed references about all-source missions
- Central Intelligence Agency Directorate of Analysis{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/offices-of-cia/intelligence-analysis/index.html|title=CIA Directorate of Analysis|access-date=September 1, 2019|author=CIA|archive-date=May 27, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527090150/https://www.cia.gov/offices-of-cia/intelligence-analysis/index.html|url-status=dead}}
- Defense Intelligence Agency Directorate for Analysis{{cite web|url=https://www.dia.mil/careers-internships/career-fields/analysis-and-counterintelligence/|title=DIA Analysis and Counterintelligence|access-date=September 1, 2019|author=DIA}}
- United States Army Intelligence and Security Command's National Ground Intelligence Center
- Office of Naval Intelligence's Farragut Technical Analysis Center{{cite web|url=https://www.oni.navy.mil/About/Who-We-Are/Farragut-Technical-Analysis-Center/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190430032549/https://www.oni.navy.mil/About/Who-We-Are/Farragut-Technical-Analysis-Center/|url-status=dead|archive-date=April 30, 2019|title=Farragut Technical Analysis Center|author=ONI|access-date=September 1, 2019}}
- U.S. Air Force's National Air and Space Intelligence Center{{Cite report |title=Providing Invaluable Intelligence – A Brief History of the National Air and Space Intelligence Center| format=NASIC_history.pdf|url=https://www.nasic.af.mil/About-Us/}}
- U.S Marine Corps Intelligence's Marine Corps Intelligence Activity{{cite web|url=http://www.marines.mil/Portals/59/Publications/A%20Brief%20History%20of%20Headquarters%20Marine%20Corps%20Staff%20Organization%20PCN%20190002487000.pdf?ver=2012-10-11-163141-160|title=A Brief History of Headquarters Marine Corps Organization|year=1970|work=United States Marine Corps|access-date=1 December 2016}} {{PD-notice}}
- United States Department of State's Bureau of Intelligence and Research
- National Security Agency (select components)
- National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
- Federal Bureau of Investigation's Intelligence Branch
- United States Coast Guard's Coast Guard Intelligence
- DHS Office of Intelligence and Analysis
- United States Department of Treasury's Office of Terrorism and Financial Intelligence
- Drug Enforcement Administration's DEA Office of National Security Intelligence
- United States Department of Energy's Office of Intelligence and Counterintelligence
- Office of the Director of National Intelligence: National Counterproliferation Center (NCPC), National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC), National Intelligence Council (NIC), Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive (ONCIX)
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
- {{cite book|author=Boris Giannetto|year=2020|title=All-Source Intelligence: Reshaping an old Tool for Future Challenges|publisher=Security Affairs|url=https://securityaffairs.co/wordpress/112427/security/source-intelligence.html/}}
- {{cite book|author=Lowenthal, Mark M.|title=Intelligence: From Secrets to Policy|publisher=Washington, DC: CQ Press|year=2009|pages=38, 125, 139}}
- {{cite book|author=Russell, Richard L.|title=Achieving AllSource Fusion in the Intelligence Community|editor=Loch K. Johnson |publisher=Handbook of Intelligence (New York: Routledge, 2009)|pages=189–198}}
{{Intelligence cycle management}}