Allium chinense

{{Short description|Species of Allium}}

{{about|a plant with the Japanese name rakkyō|the film series|Kara no Kyōkai}}

{{Italic title}}

{{Speciesbox

|name=Chinese onion

| image_caption=

| image = Allium chinense1.jpg

| status = LC

| status_system = IUCN3.1

| status_ref = {{cite iucn |author=Brummitt, N. |date=2013 |title=Allium chinense |volume=2013 |page=e.T44392537A44396666 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-2.RLTS.T44392537A44396666.en |access-date=18 November 2021}}

| taxon = Allium chinense

| parent = Allium subg. Cepa

| authority = G.Don.{{Cite web |title=Allium chinense |work=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=295288 |access-date=2013-05-28}}

|synonyms_ref =

|synonyms =

{{collapsible list|bullets = true

|title=Synonymy

|Allium bakeri Regel

|Allium bodinieri H.Lév. & Vaniot

|Allium exsertum Baker 1874, illegitimate homonym not G. Don 1827

|Allium martini H.Lév. & Vaniot

|Allium splendens Miq. 1867, illegitimate homonym not Willd. 1830

|Caloscordum exsertum Herb.

}}

}}

Allium chinense (also known as Chinese onion,Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database: [http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Allium.html#dic8.0 Allium.] University of Melbourne. Updated 3 August 2013. Retrieved 5 September 2014. Chinese scallion, glittering chive,{{Cite book|url=http://www.forest.go.kr/kna/special/download/English_Names_for_Korean_Native_Plants.pdf |title=English Names for Korean Native Plants |publisher=Korea National Arboretum |year=2015 |isbn=978-89-97450-98-5 |location=Pocheon |pages=347 |access-date=17 December 2016 |via=Korea Forest Service |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525105020/http://www.forest.go.kr/kna/special/download/English_Names_for_Korean_Native_Plants.pdf |archive-date=25 May 2017 }} Japanese scallion, Kiangsi scallion, and Oriental onion) is an edible species of Allium, native to China, and cultivated in many other countries.{{Cite web |title=Allium chinense in Flora of China @ efloras.org |url=http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200027461 |access-date=2024-10-09 |website=www.efloras.org}} Its close relatives include the onion, scallion, leek, chive, and garlic.{{cite book|author=Block, E.|title=Garlic and Other Alliums: The Lore and the Science|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6AB89RHV9ucC|publisher=Royal Society of Chemistry|year=2010|isbn=978-0-85404-190-9}}

Distribution

File:W rakkyou1101.jpg

Allium chinense is native to China (in Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, and Zhejiang provinces). It is naturalized in other parts of Asia as well as in North America.{{Cite web|title=Allium chinense Rakkyo PFAF Plant Database|url=https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Allium+chinense|access-date=2021-11-10|website=pfaf.org}}{{PLANTS|symbol=ALCH5|taxon=Allium chinense|access-date=7 June 2022}}

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Uses

=Culinary=

File:SZ 深圳 Shenzhen 寶安 BaoAn 橋和路 Qiaohe Road 寶安東海百貨 Donghai Department Store 商場 mall 生活超市 SuperLife Supermarket cooked food August 2023 Px3 06.jpg (left)]]

Owing to its very mild and "fresh" taste, A. chinense is often pickled and served as a side dish in Japan and Vietnam to balance the stronger flavor of some other component in a meal. For example, in Japanese cuisine, it is eaten as a garnish on Japanese curry.{{Cite web|last=|date=2007-02-06|title=Japanese beef curry (Curry Rice)|url=https://justhungry.com/japanese-beef-curry|url-status=live|access-date=2021-11-10|website=JustHungry|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208004023/http://www.justhungry.com:80/japanese-beef-curry |archive-date=2007-02-08 }}

In Vietnam, pickled A. chinense, known as củ kiệu, is often served during Tết (Lunar New Year).{{citation needed|date=July 2013}}

In Japanese, it is known as {{Nihongo|rakkyō|辣韮 or 薤}}. Glass bottles of white rakkyō bulb pickles are sold in Asian supermarkets in North America.{{cite web|title=Niitakaya Rakkyo |website=Asia Mart, Santa Rosa|url-status=live |url=https://asiamartsr.com/products/niitakaya-rakkyo-pickled-scallion|access-date=2023-06-24|archive-date=2021-12-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211202222336/https://asiamartsr.com/products/niitakaya-rakkyo-pickled-scallion}}

=Medicinal=

Allium chinense is used as a folk medicine in tonics to help the intestines, and as a stomachic.{{cite web|author=James A. Duke |title=Allium chinense (LILIACEAE) |publisher=Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases |url=https://phytochem.nal.usda.gov/phytochem/ethnoplants/show/20132 |access-date=2017-12-15}}

See also

  • {{annotated link|Allium tuberosum|Allium tuberosum|aka=garlic chives}}
  • {{annotated link|Pickled onion}}

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References

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{{GRIN | access-date = 2017-12-15}}

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