Alpha Phi Beta

In October 1939, thirteen students of the University of the Philippines Manila founded the Association of the Philippine Barristers, later called Alpha Phi Beta, with the supposed goal of controlling key positions in the campus, particularly the Philippine Collegian editorship and the University Student Council presidency.{{Cite web |date=2015-02-07 |title=Fraternities and Sororities |url=http://law.upd.edu.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=214&Itemid=409 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207192109/http://law.upd.edu.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=214&Itemid=409 |archive-date=7 February 2015 |access-date=2021-10-15}} The founders cited the need of the students to mobilize in response to the second election under the 1935 Constitution of the Philippines, President Manuel L. Quezon's plans for a "one-party" government, and the looming threat of a possible war in the pacific.{{Cite web|last=Ordoñez|first=Elmer|date=2011-01-15|title=On the Good Side of History|url=https://www.manilatimes.net/2011/01/15/opinion/columnists/on-the-good-side-of-history/648336|access-date=2021-10-16|website=The Manila Times|language=en}}{{Cite news|title=The History of Alpha Phi Beta -PDI|url=https://www.pressreader.com/philippines/philippine-daily-inquirer-1109/20141023/281865821731775|access-date=2021-10-15|via=Press Reader}}{{Cite book|last=Navarro|first=Nelson|title=On the Good Side of History|publisher=Alphan Publishers, Inc.|year=2010|isbn=978-971-94763-0-6|location=Manila, Philippines|pages=23–31}}

The Charter Members were:

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• Arturo B. Atienza
• Antonio L. Azores
• Benedicto Balderrama
• Renato Constantino
• Macario Cruz
• Bienvenido C. Ejercito
• Florencio B. Florendo
• Adriano R. Garcia
• Elias Lavadia
• Rustico V. Nazareno
• Rosendo J. Nuval
• Francisco Sumulong
• Gerardo Tioseco
• Teodosio V. Valenton
• Manuel Vijungco
• Jose Villacorta
• Manuel Vistan Jr.
• Exequiel M. Zaballero Jr.

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Then-professor Ambrosio Padilla was the Charter Adviser of the newly founded fraternity.

By November 1939, the constitution and by-laws of the fraternity were drafted and filed with the University Council Committee on Student Organizations and Activities. Shortly thereafter, the committee granted recognition to the fraternity. Charter member and nationalist-historian Renato Constantino wrote the fraternity motto which would also serve as its guiding philosophy.

During the early years, a weighted grade average of 1.75 was the prime qualification for an invitation into the fraternity.{{Cite web|date=2009-08-11|title=Alpha Phi Beta Chancery, Inc. – Our Story|url=http://www.alphaphibeta.org/chanceryinc/our_story5.html|access-date=2021-10-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090811074056/http://www.alphaphibeta.org/chanceryinc/our_story5.html|archive-date=11 August 2009}} To test the neophytes' commitment to the fraternity's ideals of surrender of individuality to the group's interests and absolute obedience to the majority's decision, they were made to undergo tests of skill and humility.

In contrast with other fraternities' beliefs that severe physical tests ensured fraternal bonds, physical hazing was not encouraged on the belief that those with a low tolerance of pain should not be driven away. Moreover, applicants were not rejected on the basis of not having the social background or financial resources. The fraternity emphasized on recruiting students with a strong middle-class background only.{{Cite web|date=2009-08-11|title=Alpha Phi Beta Chancery, Inc. – Our Story|url=http://www.alphaphibeta.org/chanceryinc/our_story2.html|access-date=2021-10-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090811074045/http://www.alphaphibeta.org/chanceryinc/our_story2.html|archive-date=11 August 2009}} The Charter Members did not come from elitist backgrounds.

After the war, the fraternity was reactivated in the UP College of Law which was re-opened at what was left of the Cancer Institute and the College of Engineering buildings in the Manila campus. Members Adriano Garcia, Arturo Atienza, Renato Constantino, Bienvenido Ejercito, and Benedicto Balderama, who also formed the Board of Editors of the Philippinensian from 1942 to 1946, spearheaded the reactivation.{{Cite book|last=Navarro|first=Nelson|title=On the Good Side of History|publisher=Alphan Publishers, Inc.|year=2010|isbn=978-971-94763-0-6|location=Manila, Philippines|pages=50–79}} During this time, the fraternity's constitution was amended to allow admission of students still in their pre-law courses to allow the fraternity to expand and recruit members deemed with early potential. Moreover, the scholastic standing rule was relaxed.{{Cite web|date=2009-08-11|title=Alpha Phi Beta Chancery, Inc. – Our Story|url=http://www.alphaphibeta.org/chanceryinc/our_story7.html|access-date=2021-10-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090811074123/http://www.alphaphibeta.org/chanceryinc/our_story7.html|archive-date=11 August 2009}}

During the Marcos administration, many members of the fraternity fought for the cause of democracy, most notable of which is Abraham "Ditto" Sarmiento Jr. who was editor-in-chief of the Philippine Collegian at the time. Another member of the fraternity was the first chairman of the Movement for a Democratic Philippines, an alliance of Kabataang Makabayan and other sectoral national democratic organizations, which was responsible for the First Quarter Storm. A year later, another member of the fraternity led the students in barricading the campus during the Diliman Commune. As one of the older fraternities together with Alpha Phi Omega, Sigma Rho fraternity, and Upsilon Sigma Phi, the fraternity was still perceived as part of the bourgeoisie class by the more radical left.{{Cite web|title=Herrera, Lionel|url=http://www.nameless.org.ph/herrera|access-date=2021-10-16|website=nameless.org.ph}} They were also identified with the Marcos Right.{{Cite web|title=UP's gangland wars: A historical note|url=https://www.rappler.com/voices/thought-leaders/up-gangland-wars-historical-note|access-date=2021-10-16|website=Rappler|language=en}} Those serving the administration include Gerardo Sicat as National Economic and Development Authority Director-General and concurrent Minister of Economic Planning and Reynato Puno as Deputy Minister of the Ministry of Justice.{{Cite web|title=Gerardo P. Sicat: The Economist With a Vision |url=https://econ.upd.edu.ph/gerardo-p-sicat-the-economist-with-a-vision/|access-date=2021-09-26|website=econ.upd.edu.ph}}

Before the end of the millennium, the fraternity produced three bar topnotchers, one student regent, five chairpersons of the University Student Council, 15 councilors of the USC, eight college representatives, one editor-in-chief of the Philippine Collegian, and eight staff members of the Philippine Collegian.

In 2013, President Benigno Aquino III recognized the fraternity for being at the forefront of the UP student movement, praising the fraternity's role in "shaping the future stewards of the University, and in providing a podium for the sonorous voices of the Filipino youth."{{Cite web|title=Message of President Aquino to the Alpha Phi Beta Fraternity on the occasion of their 74th Anniversary and Induction of New Members, August 24, 2013|url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2013/08/24/message-of-president-aquino-to-the-alpha-phi-beta-fraternity-on-the-occasion-of-their-74th-anniversary-and-induction-of-new-members-august-24-2013/|access-date=2021-10-16|website=Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines|language=en-US}}

From 2016, the fraternity has held the annual Ditto Sarmiento Essay Writing Competition in commemoration of the young campus journalists who died in the fight for press freedom during the martial law era. The competition honors Abraham "Ditto" Sarmiento Jr. who died at the age of 27 shortly after being imprisoned during the Marcos Regime.{{Cite web|date=2016-02-26|title=Ditto Sarmiento essay writing contest|url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/768789/ditto-sarmiento-essay-writing-contest|access-date=2021-10-15|website=inquirer.net|language=en}} The nationwide competition is composed of a series of contests that are open to high school and college students.{{Cite web|title=USTP Gazette Volume II No. 8|url=https://www.ustp.edu.ph/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/USTP-CDO-Gazette-Vol.2-No.8-November2020.pdf}}

The Greek letters {{Lang|grc|ΑΦΒ}} were selected for the fraternity's original name, Association of the Philippine Barristers.{{Cite web |date=2025-03-29 |title=Alpha Phi Beta Fraternity |url=https://iskomunidad.upd.edu.ph/index.php/Alpha_Phi_Beta_Fraternity_-_U.P._College_of_Law |access-date=2025-03-29 |website=U.P. College of Law |language=en}} The fraternity's motto is "We shall not be saved without Wisdom, for Knowledge is Power, but only Wisdom is Liberty". Its colors are UP Maroon and UP Forest Green.

Based on police investigations from 1991 to 1994, the fraternity was involved in a total of 24 reported violent incidents (which involve weapons such as clubs, explosives, bladed weapons, among others) between student organizations in the UP Diliman campus.{{Cite journal |last1=Zarco |first1=Ricardo M. |last2=Shoemaker |first2=Donald J. |date=1995 |title=Student Organizations as Conflict Gangs, University of the Philippines, Diliman |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23898534 |journal=Philippine Sociological Review |volume=43 |issue=1/4 |pages=69–84 |issn=0031-7810 |jstor=23898534}}

In 1998, a UP student died following a hazing conducted by members of the fraternity, some of which were later imprisoned.{{Cite news|title=Brod is thicker than water|language=en|website=GMA News Online|url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/61426/publicaffairs/iwitness/brod-is-thicker-than-water/|access-date=2021-10-16}}{{Cite web|title=Moms of hazing victims Mendez, Icasiano meet|url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/61163/news/nation/moms-of-hazing-victims-mendez-icasiano-meet/|access-date=2021-10-16|website=GMA News Online|language=en}}{{Cite web |date=22 September 2017 |first=Ryan P. |last=Oliva |title=Why Do Fraternities Still Exist? |url=https://www.esquiremag.ph/long-reads/notes-and-essays/brotherhood-in-defense-of-fraternities-a2002-20170922-lfrm |access-date=2022-10-26 |website=Esquiremag.ph}}

In 1999, members of the fraternity were mauled by members of Sigma Rho Fraternity.{{Cite web|title=UP Gazette July to September 2006|url=https://osu.up.edu.ph/wp-content/uploads/gazette/2006-JUL-SEP.pdf}} The next year, a member of the fraternity was knifed and killed by members of Sigma Rho in front of the UP Law Center.{{Cite web|last=Bagares|first=Romel|title=Joint CPD-UP police patrols proposed to curb frat violence in Dilimancampus|url=https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2000/02/20/94827/joint-cpd-police-patrols-proposed-curb-frat-violence-dilimancampus|access-date=2021-10-15|website=Philstar.com}}{{Cite news|title=3 former UP students plead not guilty in frat-related slaying|language=en|website=GMA News Online|url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/113508/news/nation/3-former-up-students-plead-not-guilty-in-frat-related-slaying/|access-date=2021-10-15}} There was also another reported instance of a rumble with Sigma Rho in the same year.{{Cite web|title=UP Gazette January – March 2005|url=https://osu.up.edu.ph/wp-content/uploads/gazette/2005-JAN-MAR.pdf}}

In 2011, a member of the fraternity was attacked near his house during a series of clashes with the Alpha Sigma fraternity.{{Cite web|title=Philippine Collegian Issue 17|url=https://issuu.com/philippinecollegian/docs/philippine_collegian_tomo_89_issue_17|access-date=2021-10-17|website=Issuu|language=en}} The following year, the two fraternities were involved in another brawl.{{Cite web|title=Philippine Collegian Issue 21|url=https://issuu.com/philippinecollegian/docs/philippinecollegianissue21|access-date=2021-10-17|website=Issuu|language=en}}

In 2013, the fraternity was implicated in a rumble with Beta Sigma.{{Cite web|last=Mateo|first=Janvic|title=UP students accused of frat rumble|url=https://www.philstar.com/metro/2013/09/27/1238575/students-accused-frat-rumble|access-date=2021-10-17|website=Philstar.com}}{{Cite web|date=2013-09-22|title=Up Alyansa: No to Impunity: On the APB-Beta Sigma rumble (Sept 18, 2013)|url=http://upalyansa.blogspot.com/2013/09/no-to-impunity-on-apb-beta-sigma-rumble.html|access-date=2021-10-17|website=Up Alyansa}}

In 2016, the fraternity was involved in a fight with Sigma Rho Fraternity during the UP Law Bar Operations.{{Cite web|title=Philippine Collegian Tomo 95 Issue 04|url=https://issuu.com/philippinecollegian/docs/4|access-date=2021-10-17|website=Issuu|language=en}} In 2017, the fraternity was again involved in a series of altercations with Sigma Rho for which the two fraternities reportedly kept score of attacks and retaliations.{{Cite web|date=2021-10-16|title='Kampihan'? UP LSG questions neutrality of some members over APB and Sigma Rho rift|url=https://abogado.com.ph/kampihan-up-lsg-questions-neutrality-of-some-members-over-apb-and-sigma-rho-rift/|access-date=2021-10-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016190714/https://abogado.com.ph/kampihan-up-lsg-questions-neutrality-of-some-members-over-apb-and-sigma-rho-rift/|archive-date=16 October 2021}} The next year, the fraternity was involved in a physical confrontation and car chase with Upsilon Sigma Phi.{{Cite web|last=Mateo|first=Janvic|title=Warring UP fraternity members face expulsion|url=https://www.philstar.com/nation/2018/11/16/1868924/warring-fraternity-members-face-expulsion|access-date=2021-10-16|website=Philstar.com}}{{Cite web|title=U.P. says warring fraternities involved in 2 incidents on campus|url=https://www.rappler.com/nation/up-diliman-alpha-phi-beta-upsilon-sigma-phi-fraternity-wars-november-2018|access-date=2021-10-18|website=Rappler|language=en}} The latter three fraternities, in addition to Alpha Sigma and Scintilla Juris, are considered to have the longest traditional rivalry in the campus.

Members of the Alpha Phi Beta are called "Lords" and its membership is known as the "Roster of Lords". The head of the fraternity is called the "Lord Chancellor".{{Cite web|date=2019-01-12|title=Lord Chancellor – Alpha Phi Beta Fraternity|url=http://alphaphibeta.org/top-notchers|access-date=2021-10-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190112010752/http://alphaphibeta.org/top-notchers|archive-date=12 January 2019}}

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File:Rep. Edcel Lagman (18th Congress PH).jpg

File:Reynato Puno.jpg

File:Secretary Benjamin Diokno of the Department of Finance (cropped).png

In student leadership, the Roster of Lords include 22 Philippine Collegian editors-in-chief, nine Philippine Law Journal editorial board chairpersons, eight Philippinensian editors-in-chief, nine Philippine Law Register editors-in-chief, seven University Student Council chairpersons, and four Law Student Government presidents.

The fraternity has also produced 31 Philippine Bar Examination topnotchers, seven Senators, six justices of the Supreme Court, four Integrated Bar of the Philippines national presidents, three deans of the UP College of Law, six The Outstanding Young Men of the Philippines awardees, two The Outstanding Filipino Awardees, and 19 justices of the Court of Appeals .{{Cite web|date=2018-12-29|title=Bar Top Notchers – Alpha Phi Beta Fraternity|url=http://alphaphibeta.org/bar-top-notchers|access-date=2021-10-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181229153358/http://alphaphibeta.org/bar-top-notchers|archive-date=29 December 2018}}

Notable members include:

• Francis Escudero – Senator from 2007 to 2016 and 2022 onwards; Sorsogon Governor; Sorsogon Representative{{Cite web|title=Francis Joseph Escudero|url=https://emsavvil.com/?tlt_team=francis-joseph-g-escudero}}
• Reynato Puno – 22nd Chief Justice of the Supreme Court; Deputy Minister/Undersecretary, Department of Justice{{Cite web|last=Ordoñez|first=Elmer|date=2011-01-22|title=On the good side of history (2)|url=https://www.manilatimes.net/2011/01/22/opinion/columnists/on-the-good-side-of-history-2/648337|access-date=2021-10-17|website=The Manila Times|language=en}}
• Benjamin Diokno – 5th Governor, Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas; Secretary, Department of Budget and Management{{Cite news|title=Alpha Phit Beta to Hold Christmas Party and Awarding Ceremonies|url=https://www.pressreader.com/philippines/philippine-daily-inquirer-1109/20171123/281586650902258|access-date=2021-10-17|via=Press Reader}}
• Renato Constantino – respected historian; honoree, Bantayog ng mga Bayani; 1992 The Outstanding Filipino Awardee
• Ambrosio Padilla – Senator from 1957 to 1972; Vice President, 1986 Constitutional Commission; Solicitor General
• Heherson Alvarez – Senator from 1987 to 2001; Minister, Department of Agrarian Reform; Secretary, Department of Environment and Natural Resources{{Cite web|date=2020-04-20|title=Former Senator Heherson Alvarez passes away after battling COVID-19|url=https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/04/20/20/former-senator-heherson-alvarez-passes-away-after-battling-covid-19|access-date=2021-09-26|website=ABS-CBN News|language=en}}
• Genaro Magsaysay – Senator from 1959 to 1972; Zambales Representative
• Robert Barbers – Senator from 1998 to 2004; Secretary, Department of Interior and Local Government; Surigao del Norte Representative
• Joey Lina – Senator from 1987 to 1995; Secretary, DILG; Laguna Governor; Metro Manila Governor
• Leonardo Quisumbing – 140th Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines; Secretary, Department of Labor and Employment
• Hugo E. Guttierez, Jr. – Senior Associate Justice of the Supreme Court
• Abdulwahid Bidin – 117th Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines; first Filipino Muslim named to the Supreme Court
• Abraham Sarmiento – Associate Justice of the Supreme Court; Cavite delegate, 1971 Constitutional Convention; veteran, US Army Forces in the Far East
• Jose P. Perez – 167th Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines{{Cite news|title=NLRC commissioner inducted as UP Alpha Phi Beta head|url=https://www.pressreader.com/philippines/manila-times/20130304/282016144747693|access-date=2021-09-26|via=Press Reader}}
• Oscar Orbos – Pangasinan Governor; Pangasinan Representative; Executive Secretary; Secretary, Department of Transportation and Communication{{Cite news|title=The Alpha Phi Beta Fraternity celebrates its 73rd Anniversary|url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/249640/cbb/the-alpha-phi-beta-fraternity-celebrates-its-73rd-anniversary/|access-date=2021-10-17|website=GMA News Online|language=en}}
• Pablo John Garcia – Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives; Cebu Representative
• Edcel Lagman – Albay Representative;{{Cite web|date=22 September 2017|first=Ryan P.|last=Oliva|title=Why Do Fraternities Still Exist?|url=https://www.esquiremag.ph/long-reads/notes-and-essays/brotherhood-in-defense-of-fraternities-a2002-20170922-lfrm|access-date=2021-10-17|website=Esquiremag.ph}} President, Liberal Party{{Cite news|access-date=2023-02-28|title=Liberal Party elects new set of officers; Edcel Lagman takes helm|url=https://www.rappler.com/nation/liberal-party-elects-new-officers-2022/}}
• Henry Villarica – Bulacan Representative; President, Villarica Pawnshop, Inc{{Cite news|title=Lopez inducted fraternity head|language=en|work=Manila Standard|url=https://manilastandard.net/news/metro/87605/lopez-inducted-fraternity-head.html|access-date=2021-10-17}}
• Ace Barbers – Surigao del Norte Representative; Surigao del Norte Governor{{Cite web|date=2017-07-31|title=Ties that bind: Customs officials key to P6.4B shabu shipment mess spared from House probe|url=https://politics.com.ph/ties-bind-customs-officials-key-p6-4b-shabu-shipment-mess-spared-house-probe/,%20https://politics.com.ph/ties-bind-customs-officials-key-p6-4b-shabu-shipment-mess-spared-house-probe/|access-date=2021-10-17|website=politics.com.ph|language=en-US}}
• Lauro Baja – President, United Nations Security Council; Permanent Representative to the United Nations{{Cite web|title=Baja conferred TOFIL award|url=https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2005/11/18/307273/baja-conferred-tofil-award&client=safari|access-date=2021-10-17|website=www.philstar.com}}
• Sam Verzosa – Tutok To Win Party-List Representative{{Cite web |title=House of Representatives House Members |access-date=2023-02-28 |url=https://www.congress.gov.ph/members/search.php?id=verzosa-s |language=en-US}}
• Zia Alonto Adiong – Lanao del Sur Representative{{Cite web |title=House of Representatives House Members |access-date=2023-02-28 |url=https://www.congress.gov.ph/members/search.php?id=adiong |language=en-US}}
• Angelo Jimenez – President, University of the Philippines{{Cite web |title=Labor lawyer Jimenez is new UP president|access-date=2023-02-28 |url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1703564/labor-lawyer-jimenez-is-new-up-president}}
• Bo Perasol – Former head coach of the UP Fighting Maroons and Ateneo Blue Eagles{{Cite web |title=Bo Perasol's rebirth as UP Fighting Maroons program director|access-date=2023-02-28 |url=https://www.espn.ph/basketball/colleges/story/_/id/33749003/bo-perasol-rebirth-fighting-maroons-program-director}}

{{Reflist}}

Category:Legal fraternities and sororities in the Philippines

Category:University of the Philippines Diliman

Category:1939 establishments in the Philippines

Category:Student organizations established in 1939

Category:University of the Philippines