Alstonia congensis
{{Short description|Species of plant}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Alstonia Congensis 02.jpg
|status = LC
|status_system = IUCN3.1
| genus = Alstonia
| species = congensis
| authority = Engl.
| synonyms = Alstonia congensis var. glabrata Hutch. & Dalziel
Alstonia gilletii De Wild.
Alstonia pedicellata Pierre ex A.Chev.
| synonyms_ref = {{cite web |url= https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76517-1 |title= Alstonia congensis Engl. |author= |date=n.d. |website=Plants of the World Online |publisher=The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |access-date=May 29, 2023}}{{cite web |url= https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/C8T5 |title= Alstonia congensis Engl. |author= |date=n.d. |website=Catalogue of Life |publisher=Species 2000 |access-date=May 29, 2023}}
}}
Alstonia congensis, is a tree within the Apocynaceae family and one of two African species within the Alstonia genus, the other being the Alstonia boonei De Wild. Both have similar morphological characteristics.
The root and stem bark contains the alkaloids echitamine and echitamidine.{{Cite journal|last1=Caron|first1=Catherine|last2=Graftieaux|first2=Alain|last3=Massiot|first3=Georges|last4=Le Men-Olivier|first4=Louisette|last5=Delaude|first5=Clement|date=1989|title=Alkaloids from Alstonia congensis|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0031942289802183|journal=Phytochemistry|language=en|volume=28|issue=4|pages=1241–1244|doi=10.1016/0031-9422(89)80218-3|bibcode=1989PChem..28.1241C |url-access=subscription}}
Description
The species can grow as high as 30 meters tall, trunk is cylindrical; bark, smooth or scaly, brown - yellow. Leaves, between 4 and 8 together in verticillate arrangement, petiole, 0-0.5 cm long; leaf-blade, obovate to narrowly obovate in outline, glaucous or coriaceous upper surface, duller beneath, acuminate at apex and decurrent into the base.{{Cite web|title=de Jong, B.H.J. 1979: A revision of the African species of Alstonia R.Br. (Apocynaceae). – Mededelingen Landbouwhogeschool Wageningen 79-13: 1-16 {{!}} Flora of Central Africa|url=http://floreafriquecentrale.org/cdm_dataportal/reference/49bb1006-004c-4811-88cf-0869342092e3|access-date=2021-07-20|website=floreafriquecentrale.org}} Flower: sepals, glabrous or sparsely pubescent, pale green.{{Cite journal|last=Monachino|first=Joseph|date=1949|title=A Revision of the Genus Alstonia (Apocynaceae)|url=http://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/handle/10125/8927|journal=Pacific Science; A Quarterly Devoted to the Biological and Physical Sciences of the Pacific Region|hdl=10125/8927 |language=en-US|issn=0030-8870}}
Distribution
Occurs in West Tropical Africa and parts of Central Africa, particularly the Democratic Republic of Congo, grows in high forest and freshwater swamp forest.{{Cite journal|last=Jayeola|first=A. A.|date=2008-04-18|title=Surface sculpturing of Alstonia booneii DE WILD. and A. congensis ENGL. (Apocynaceae) and its importance on their taxonomy|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/fedr.19981090514|journal=Feddes Repertorium|language=en|volume=109|issue=5–6|pages=429–433|doi=10.1002/fedr.19981090514|url-access=subscription}}
Uses
Leaf and root bark extracts used in the topical treatment of rheumatic pains, root extracts used in decoction to treat mild malaria fever.{{Cite journal|last1=Cimanga|first1=R. Kanyanga|last2=Nsaka|first2=S. Lumpu|last3=Tshodi|first3=M. Ehata|last4=Mbamu|first4=B. Maya|last5=Kikweta|first5=C. Munduku|last6=Makila|first6=F. Bool-Miting|last7=Cos|first7=Paul|last8=Maes|first8=Louis|last9=Vlietinck|first9=Arnold J.|last10=Exarchou|first10=Vassiliki|last11=Tuenter|first11=Emmy|date=2019|title=In vitro and in vivo antiplasmodial activity of extracts and isolated constituents of Alstonia congensis root bark|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378874118349985|journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology|language=en|volume=242|pages=111736|doi=10.1016/j.jep.2019.02.019|pmid=30763695 |hdl=10067/1617780151162165141|s2cid=73436555 |hdl-access=free|url-access=subscription}}
References
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Category:Flora of West Tropical Africa