American Airlines Flight 11

{{Duplicated citations|reason=DuplicateReferences detected:

https://9-11commission.gov/report/911Report.pdf (refs: 49, 53)

|date=May 2025}}

{{Infobox aircraft occurrence

| name = American Airlines Flight 11

| image = AA11 path.svg

| caption = AA11's path from Logan International Airport in Boston to New York City

| occurrence_type = Hijacking

| date = September 11 attacks

| summary = Terrorist suicide hijacking

| site = North Tower (WTC 1) of the World Trade Center, New York, New York, U.S.

| coordinates = {{Coord|40|42|44.5|N|74|00|46.9|W|type:event|display=inline,title}}

| total_fatalities = {{circa|1,700}}{{efn|It is impossible to definitively know exactly how many people died from the hijacking and crash of American Airlines Flight 11, since this crash and the one of United Airlines Flight 175 happened in the same place, at about the same time, and it is hard to distinguish who died from which plane. It is known for certain, however, that the sum of plane and ground fatalities is 2,763. In addition to the rough estimate of 1,600 ground fatalities blamed on Flight 11, the number of people aboard the hijacked flight was 92. The death toll of Flight 11 thus comes out to approximately 1,700 when rounded.}} (2,763 combined with UA 175)

| plane1_caption = N334AA, the aircraft involved in the hijacking, taxiing at Manchester Airport on April 8, 2001.

| aircraft_type = Boeing 767-223ER{{efn|The aircraft was a Boeing 767-200 Extended Range ("ER") model; Boeing assigns a unique code for each company that buys one of its aircraft, which is applied as an infix to the model number at the time the aircraft is built, hence "767-223ER" designates a 767-200 built for American Airlines, which has 23 as its customer code.}}

| operator = American Airlines

| IATA = AA11

| ICAO = AAL11

| callsign = AMERICAN 11

| tail_number = N334AA

| origin = Logan International Airport, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.

| destination = Los Angeles International Airport, Los Angeles, California, U.S.

| occupants = 92 (including 5 hijackers)

| passengers = 81 (including 5 hijackers)

| crew = 11

| fatalities = 92

| survivors = 0

| ground_fatalities = {{circa|1,600}} in or near the North Tower of the World Trade Center

| plane1_image = N334AA B767-223ER American MAN 08APR01 (6839074488).jpg

}}

American Airlines Flight 11 was a domestic passenger flight that was hijacked by five al-Qaeda terrorists on the morning of September 11, 2001, as part of the September 11 attacks. The hijacked airliner was deliberately crashed into the North Tower of the World Trade Center complex in New York City, killing everyone aboard the flight and resulting in the deaths of more than one thousand{{efn|name=killed/trapped|The precise number of those killed or trapped by Flight 11's impact has never been conclusively verified, although it is estimated that between 1,344{{cite news |date=September 10, 2003 |title=TWO YEARS LATER: THE 91ST FLOOR; The Line Between Life and Death, Still Indelible |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/10/us/two-years-later-the-91st-floor-the-line-between-life-and-death-still-indelible.html |access-date=November 22, 2022 |archive-date=December 5, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205201711/https://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/10/us/two-years-later-the-91st-floor-the-line-between-life-and-death-still-indelible.html |url-status=live}} and 1,426{{cite book |last=National Institute of Standards and Technology |title=Final Reports from the NIST World Trade Center Disaster Investigation |year=2005 |url=https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/NCSTAR/ncstar1.pdf |access-date=February 25, 2023 |archive-date=July 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210707002217/https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/NCSTAR/ncstar1.pdf |url-status=live}}{{rp|238}} people were present on floors 92–110 at 08:46 and not a single one of them survived.}} people in the top 18 stories of the skyscraper in addition to causing the demise of numerous others below the trapped floors. The crash of Flight 11 stands as the deadliest of the four suicide attacks executed that morning in terms of both plane and ground fatalities, the single deadliest act of terrorism in human history{{efn|The massacre at Camp Speicher―often described as the second deadliest act of terrorism in history after 9/11―is said to have killed between 1,095 and 1,700 people.{{cite web |title=1095 soldiers still missing since the Speicher massacre by ISIS |url=http://arabic.cnn.com/middleeast/2014/09/18/iraq-isis-camp-speicher |website=CNN Arabic |date=18 September 2014 |access-date=15 May 2023 |language=ar |archive-date=September 20, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140920011251/http://arabic.cnn.com/middleeast/2014/09/18/iraq-isis-camp-speicher |url-status=live}} The upper estimate would tie it with the attack on the World Trade Center's North Tower, but until the true death toll of the massacre becomes known, then the hijacking and crash of Flight 11 was the deadliest act of terrorism on record.}} and the deadliest plane crash of all time.{{efn|While American Airlines Flight 11 is the overall deadliest aviation incident, the deadliest aviation accident is the Tenerife airport disaster in 1977.}} The aircraft involved, a Boeing 767-200ER with 92 passengers and crew, was flying American Airlines' daily scheduled morning transcontinental service from Boston Logan International Airport in Massachusetts to Los Angeles International Airport in California.

The airplane left the runway at 07:59. Less than fifteen minutes after takeoff, the hijackers injured two flight attendants, murdered one passenger, and breached the cockpit while forcing the passengers and crew to the rear of the aircraft. The assailants attacked both pilots, allowing lead hijacker Mohamed Atta to take over the controls. Air traffic controllers suspected that the flight was in distress because the crew became non-responsive. The air traffic controllers realized that the plane had been hijacked when Atta's announcement to the hostages was accidentally transmitted to air traffic control instead of through the aircraft’s PA system. Also, two flight attendants were able to contact American Airlines and pass along information relevant to the situation, including casualties suffered by the crew and passengers.

Atta flew the hijacked plane into the North Tower at the World Trade Center from floors 93 through 99 at 08:46 local time. The impact was witnessed by countless people in the streets of New York City as well as the nearby state of New Jersey. The media quickly began reporting on the incident and speculated that the crash had been an accident. Seventeen minutes later, United Airlines Flight 175 crashed into the World Trade Center's South Tower at 09:03, instantly dispelling any notion it was accidental.

The damage caused by the plane and the fires ignited by its crash caused the North Tower to collapse at 10:28 that morning, resulting in hundreds of additional casualties. While the recovery effort at the World Trade Center site did lead to the discovery and identification of body fragments from certain individuals who boarded Flight{{spaces}}11, many have not been identified.

Flight

The aircraft involved in the hijacking was a Boeing 767-200ER with registration number {{Airreg|N|334AA|}}, built and delivered in 1987.{{cite web |date=March 7, 2006 |title=Brief of Accident |url=https://www.ntsb.gov/ntsb/GenPDF.asp?id=DCA01MA060&rpt=fi |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100531210846/https://www.ntsb.gov/ntsb/GenPDF.asp?id=DCA01MA060&rpt=fi |archive-date=May 31, 2010 |access-date=May 5, 2007 |publisher=National Transportation Safety Board |format=PDF |id=DCA01MA060}} The capacity of the aircraft was 158{{spaces}}passengers (9 in first class, 30 in business class and 119 in economy class), but the September{{spaces}}11 flight carried 81{{spaces}}passengers and 11{{spaces}}crew members. This was a light load at 58{{spaces}}percent capacity, but higher than the average load factor for Flight{{spaces}}11 on Tuesday mornings of 39{{spaces}}percent in the months preceding September{{spaces}}11. The crew members were Captain John Ogonowski (50), First Officer Thomas McGuinness Jr. (42) (a former Navy fighter pilot), purser Karen Martin and flight attendants Barbara Arestegui, Jeffrey Collman, Sara Low, Kathleen Nicosia, Betty Ong, Jean Roger, Dianne Snyder, and Amy Sweeney.{{cite news |year=2001 |title=American Airlines Flight 11 |work=CNN |url=http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2001/trade.center/victims/AA11.victims.html |access-date=May 22, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516104740/http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2001/trade.center/victims/AA11.victims.html |archive-date=May 16, 2008}}

class="wikitable"

|+Pilots

!Role

!Name

!Age

Captain

|John Ogonowski

|50

First Officer

|Thomas McGuinness Jr.

|42

class="wikitable"

|+Cabin crew{{cite web |url=https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB148/911%20Commission%20Four%20Flights%20Monograph.pdf |title=9/11 Commission Staff Report |date=August 26, 2004 |via=National Security Archive |access-date=March 26, 2023 |archive-date=October 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211013181312/https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB148/911%20Commission%20Four%20Flights%20Monograph.pdf |url-status=live}}

!Position

!Name

!Age

!Jumpseat

!Class of Service

|Karen Martin

|40

|1L

|First Class Cabin

|Kathleen Nicosia

|54

|3L

|Coach Class Galley

|Betty Ong

|45

|3R

|Coach Class Cabin

|Dianne Snyder

|42

|2R

|Business Class Galley

|Barbara Arestegui

|38

|1R Center

|First Class Galley

|Jeffrey Collman

|41

|2L

|Coach Class Cabin / Assist First Class Cabin If Needed

|Sara Low

|29

|2R

|Business Class Cabin

|Jean Roger

|24

|1L Center

|Business Class Cabin

|Amy Sweeney

|35

|3L

|Coach Class Cabin

All 92 people on board were killed,{{cite news |last=Lagos |first=Marisa |author2=Walsh, Diana |title=S.F. firefighters, others honor peers who died on 9/11 |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2006/09/11/MNGM0L3EBG20.DTL |date=September 11, 2006 |work=San Francisco Chronicle |access-date=May 23, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314224031/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=%2Fc%2Fa%2F2006%2F09%2F11%2FMNGM0L3EBG20.DTL |archive-date=March 14, 2012 |url-status=dead}} including Frasier creator and executive producer David Angell, his wife Lynn Angell, actress Berry Berenson (widow of fellow actor Anthony Perkins), and Akamai Technologies co-founder Daniel Lewin. Family Guy creator Seth MacFarlane had been scheduled to be on the flight but overslept due to a hangover and arrived at the airport too late.{{cite news |last=Weinraub |first=Bernard |title=The Young Guy Of 'Family Guy'; A 30-Year-Old's Cartoon Hit Makes An Unexpected Comeback |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/07/07/arts/young-guy-family-guy-30-year-old-s-cartoon-hit-makes-unexpected-comeback.html?pagewanted=all |access-date=October 4, 2011 |newspaper=The New York Times |date=July 7, 2004 |archive-date=November 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141109002645/http://www.nytimes.com/2004/07/07/arts/young-guy-family-guy-30-year-old-s-cartoon-hit-makes-unexpected-comeback.html?pagewanted=all |url-status=live}} Actor Mark Wahlberg was also scheduled to be on the flight but changed his plans and canceled his ticket the day before.{{cite news |url=https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/mark-wahlberg-sorry-for-saying-he-would-have-thwarted-9-11-terrorists/ |work=Fox News |title=Mark Wahlberg sorry for saying he would have thwarted 9/11 terrorists |date=January 18, 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102202329/http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2012/01/18/mark-wahlberg-said-would-have-defeated-11-terrorists-on-flight-3/ |archive-date=November 2, 2013}}{{Dubious|Mark Wahlberg and Leighanne Littrell|date=December 2024}} Actress Leighanne Littrell, wife of Backstreet Boys singer Brian Littrell, had also previously been booked on the flight but, like Wahlberg, changed her plans.{{cite web |last=Copley |first=Rich |date=September 10, 2006 |title=Backstreet Boy feels victims' families' pain |url=http://www.kentucky.com/2006/09/10/10835/backstreet-boy-feels-victims-families.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130411062106/http://www.kentucky.com/2006/09/10/10835/backstreet-boy-feels-victims-families.html |archive-date=April 11, 2013 |access-date=July 3, 2013 |website=Kentucky.com}}{{Dubious|Mark Wahlberg and Leighanne Littrell|date=December 2024}}

=Boarding=

==Portland, Maine==

{{Multiple image

| direction = horizontal

| image1 = Mohamed Atta.jpg

| caption1 = Mohamed Atta (pilot)

| image2 = Abdulaziz al-Omari.png

| caption2 = Abdulaziz al-Omari

| image3 = Wailalshehri.jpg

| image4 = Waleedalshehri.jpg

| image5 = Satam al-Suqami - FBI release.jpg

| caption3 = Wail al-Shehri

| caption4 = Waleed al-Shehri

| caption5 = Satam al-Suqami

| perrow = 1 / 2 / 2

| total_width = 150

| header = American Airlines Flight 11 hijackers

| caption_align = center

}}

File:Atta in airport.jpg, passing through security on the morning of 9/11]] Mohamed Atta, the ringleader of the attacks, and fellow hijacker Abdulaziz al-Omari arrived at Portland International Jetport in Maine at 05:41 Eastern Daylight Time on September{{spaces}}11, 2001. At the Portland ticket counter, Atta asked ticket agent Mike Tuohey for his boarding pass for Flight 11. When Tuohey told Atta he would have to check in a second time when he reached Logan, Atta appeared on the verge of anger, telling Tuohey that he had been assured he would have "one-step check-in." Becoming concerned he was racially profiling Atta, Tuohey, although uneasy with Atta's anger, simply told him that he would better hurry if he did not want to miss the flight. Although Atta still looked cross, he and Omari left the ticket counter for the Portland airport's security checkpoint.{{Cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna7117783 |title=Ticket agent recalls anger in Atta's eyes |website=NBC News |date=March 7, 2005 |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=May 8, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508192019/https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna7117783 |url-status=live}}{{Cite web |url=https://www.foxnews.com/story/airline-ticket-agent-recalls-atta-on-9-11 |title=Airline Ticket Agent Recalls Atta on 9/11 |date=March 25, 2015 |website=Associated Press |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=May 8, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508192027/https://www.foxnews.com/story/airline-ticket-agent-recalls-atta-on-9-11 |url-status=live}}

They boarded Colgan Air Flight{{spaces}}5930, which was scheduled to depart at 06:00 and fly to Boston. Both hijackers had first class tickets with a connecting flight to Los Angeles; Atta checked in two bags, a green Travel Gear bag and a black Travelpro bag,[https://www.aviationpros.com/home/news/10400889/luggage-that-didnt-get-put-on-sept-11-jet-provided-lead-to-terrorists Luggage that Didn't Get Put on Sept. 11 Jet Provided Lead to Terrorists] while Omari checked in none.{{cite web |url=https://www.archives.gov/research/9-11/staff-report-sept2005.pdf |title=Staff Report – "We Have Some Planes": The Four Flights – a Chronology |publisher=National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States |access-date=May 25, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024095423/http://www.archives.gov/research/9-11/staff-report-sept2005.pdf |archive-date=October 24, 2012}} When they checked in, the Computer-Assisted Passenger Prescreening System (CAPPS) selected Atta for extra luggage scrutiny, but he boarded without incident.{{cite news |title=Extract: 'We have some planes' |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/low/americas/3919613.stm |work=BBC News |date=July 23, 2004 |access-date=May 22, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081216072328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/low/americas/3919613.stm |archive-date=December 16, 2008}}

The flight from Portland departed on time and arrived in Boston at 06:45. Three other hijackers, Waleed al-Shehri, Wail al-Shehri, and Satam al-Suqami, arrived at Logan Airport at the same time, having left their rental car in the airport parking facility. At 06:52, Marwan al-Shehhi, the hijacker pilot of United Airlines Flight 175, made a call from a pay phone in Logan Airport to Atta's cell phone. This call was apparently to confirm that the attacks were ready to begin.{{cite web |url=http://www.9-11commission.gov/report/911Report_Ch1.htm |title=We Have Some Planes |date=July 2004 |publisher=National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States |access-date=May 25, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511160550/http://www.9-11commission.gov/report/911Report_ch1.htm |archive-date=May 11, 2008 |url-status=live}}

==Boston, Massachusetts==

Since they were not given boarding passes for Flight{{spaces}}11 in Portland, Atta and Omari checked in and went through security in Boston.{{cite news |author=Kehaulani Goo |first=Sara |date=February 13, 2005 |title=Papers Offer New Clues On 9/11 Hijackers' Travel |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A19784-2005Feb12.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080821180154/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A19784-2005Feb12.html |archive-date=August 21, 2008 |access-date=May 22, 2008 |newspaper=The Washington Post}} Suqami, Wail al-Shehri, and Waleed al-Shehri also checked in for the flight in Boston. Wail al-Shehri and Suqami each checked one bag; Waleed al-Shehri did not check any bags. CAPPS selected all three for a detailed luggage check.{{cite news |title=Investigating 9-11 – The doomed flights |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2004/07/23/FLIGHTS.TMP |work=San Francisco Chronicle |date=July 23, 2004 |access-date=May 22, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120523011824/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=%2Fchronicle%2Farchive%2F2004%2F07%2F23%2FFLIGHTS.TMP |archive-date=May 23, 2012 |url-status=dead}} As the CAPPS' screening was only for luggage, the three hijackers did not undergo any extra scrutiny at the passenger security checkpoint.{{cite web |url=http://www.9-11commission.gov/staff_statements/staff_statement_3.pdf |title=The Aviation Security System and the 9/11 Attacks – Staff Statement No. 3 |publisher=National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States |access-date=May 25, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080528201527/http://www.9-11commission.gov/staff_statements/staff_statement_3.pdf |archive-date=May 28, 2008 |url-status=live}}

First Officer Lynn Howland had just arrived in Boston after copiloting the flight from San Francisco that would be redesignated American Flight 11. As she walked off the aircraft and entered the passenger lounge, Atta approached her and asked if she would be flying the plane back across the country. When Howland told him she just brought the aircraft in, Atta turned his back and walked away. As he boarded Flight 11, Atta asked a gate agent whether the two bags he had checked earlier in Portland had been loaded onto the plane. In the rushed check-in after the flight from Portland, airline officials did not load Atta's bags on Flight{{spaces}}11.{{cite news |author=Dorman |first=Michael |date=April 17, 2006 |title=Unraveling 9-11 was in the bags |url=http://www.newsday.com/news/unraveling-9-11-was-in-the-bags-1.591192 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103204142/http://www.newsday.com/news/unraveling-9-11-was-in-the-bags-1.591192 |archive-date=November 3, 2013 |work=Newsday}}{{cite news |title=Excerpts From Statement by Sept. 11 Commission Staff |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/06/17/politics/17ptext.html |date=June 17, 2004 |work=The New York Times |access-date=May 24, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114063923/http://www.nytimes.com/2004/06/17/politics/17ptext.html |archive-date=November 14, 2013}}

By 07:40, all five hijackers were aboard the flight, scheduled to depart at 07:45.{{cite web |title=9/11 Investigation (PENTTBOM) |url=https://www.fbi.gov/pressrel/penttbom/aa11/11.htm |work=Federal Bureau of Investigation |publisher=United States Department of Justice |date=September 2001 |access-date=May 22, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080514074545/http://www.fbi.gov/pressrel/penttbom/aa11/11.htm |archive-date=May 14, 2008}} Atta sat in business class seat 8D with al-Omari in 8G and Suqami in 10B. Waleed and Wail al-Shehri sat in first class seats 2B and 2A. Shortly before takeoff, American Airlines flight service manager Michael Woodward walked aboard for a final check. He briefly passed Atta, later reporting him as having a brooding expression, and then left the plane.{{cite book |last=Zuckoff |first=Mitchell |date=2019 |title=Fall and Rise: The Story of 9/11 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y151DwAAQBAJ&dq=Something+about+Mohamed+Atta%E2%80%99s+brooding+look+seemed+wrong.+But+the+flight+was+already+behind+schedule,+and+Michael+wouldn%E2%80%99t+challenge+a+passenger+simply+for+glaring+at+him&pg=PT42 |location=Lanham, Maryland |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |pages=42–43 |isbn=978-1442232853 |access-date=March 18, 2023 |archive-date=April 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404173524/https://books.google.com/books?id=Y151DwAAQBAJ&dq=Something+about+Mohamed+Atta%E2%80%99s+brooding+look+seemed+wrong.+But+the+flight+was+already+behind+schedule,+and+Michael+wouldn%E2%80%99t+challenge+a+passenger+simply+for+glaring+at+him&pg=PT42 |url-status=live}} At 07:46, one minute behind schedule, the aircraft received clearance to push back from Gate B32,{{Cite news |last= |date=October 16, 2001 |title=Transcripts of Flight{{spaces}}11 and Flight{{spaces}}175 |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/10/16/national/transcripts-of-flight-11-and-flight-175.html |access-date=December 3, 2009 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=January 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170116062508/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/10/16/national/transcripts-of-flight-11-and-flight-175.html |url-status=live}} and was cleared to taxi to the runway at 07:50. The aircraft began its takeoff roll from Logan International Airport at 07:59 from runway{{spaces}}4R.{{cite news |url=http://www.boston.com/news/packages/underattack/news/planes_reconstruction.htm |title=Probe reconstructs horror, calculated attacks on planes |last=Johnson |first=Glen |date=November 23, 2001 |work=The Boston Globe |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121202072139/http://www.boston.com/news/packages/underattack/news/planes_reconstruction.htm |archive-date=December 2, 2012}}{{cite web |date=February 19, 2002 |title=Flight Path Study – American Airlines Flight 11 |url=http://www.ntsb.gov/about/Documents/Flight_Path_Study_AA11.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151105103018/http://www.ntsb.gov/about/Documents/Flight_Path_Study_AA11.pdf |archive-date=November 5, 2015 |access-date=May 25, 2008 |publisher=National Transportation Safety Board |id=DCA01MA060}}

Hijacking

class="toccolours" style="float: right; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 1em; font-size: 85%; background:#c6dbf7; color:black; width:30em; max-width: 40%;" cellspacing="5"

| style="text-align: left;" | "Okay, my name is Betty Ong. I'm [Flight Attendant] Number{{spaces}}3 on Flight{{spaces}}11. Our Number{{spaces}}1 got stabbed. Our purser is stabbed. Nobody knows who stabbed who and we can't even get up to business class right now because nobody can breathe. And we can't get to the cockpit, the door won't open."

style="text-align: left;"

Flight attendant Betty Ong to the American Airlines emergency line.{{cite web |title=Transcript |url=https://www.pbs.org/moyers/journal/09142007/transcript1.html |date=September 14, 2007 |work=Bill Moyers Journal |publisher=Public Broadcasting Service |access-date=May 24, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080427204235/http://www.pbs.org/moyers/journal/09142007/transcript1.html |archive-date=April 27, 2008 |url-status=live}}

The 9/11 Commission estimated that the hijacking began at 08:14{{efn|Although the 9/11 Commission estimated the time of the hijacking to be 8:14, the pilots stopped responding to Boston ARTCC at 08:13:47, indicating the hijacking may have occurred slightly earlier.}} when the pilots stopped responding to requests from the Boston Air Route Traffic Control Center (Boston ARTCC). At 08:13:29, as the aircraft was passing over central Massachusetts at {{convert|26000|ft|m}}, the pilots responded to a request from Boston ARTCC to make a 20-degree turn to the right. At 08:13:47, Boston ARTCC told the pilots to ascend to a cruising altitude of {{convert|35000|ft|m}}, but received no response. At 08:16, the aircraft leveled off at {{convert|29000|ft|m}} and shortly thereafter deviated from its scheduled path.

At 08:17:59, flight controllers at Boston Center heard a brief, unknown sound on the radio frequency used by Flight 11 and other nearby flights, a noise that was later described as sounding like a scream.{{cite web |title=FAA Summary of Air Traffic Hijack Events, September 11, 2001. |url=https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB165/faa7.pdf |publisher=Federal Aviation Administration |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 23, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210423082228/https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB165/faa7.pdf |url-status=live}} Boston ARTCC made multiple attempts to talk to Flight{{spaces}}11 without reply. The commission believes that the hijackers were in absolute control of the aircraft by 08:20,{{cite web |title=9/11 Commission Staff Report |url=https://www.archives.gov/files/research/9-11/staff-report-sept2005.pdf |date=September 2005 |access-date=May 3, 2023 |url-status=live |archive-date=July 12, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140712075041/http://www.archives.gov/research/9-11/staff-report-sept2005.pdf}}{{Reference page|page=51}} six minutes after launching their assault. The flight's Mode-C transponder signal was then switched off by someone in the cockpit at 08:21. At 08:23 and 08:25, Aircraft Communication Addressing and Reporting System (ACARS) tried to contact the flight. The first message read, "Good morning, ATC looking for you on 135.32"; the other read, "Please contact Boston Center ASAP. They have lost radio contact and your transponder signal." Flight 11 did not reply.{{cite book |title=Touching History: The Untold Story of the Drama That Unfolded in the Skies Over America on 9/11 |first=Lynn |last=Spencer |publisher=Simon and Schuster |year=2008 |isbn=978-1-4165-5925-2 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/touchinghistoryu00spen/page/ 34] |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/touchinghistoryu00spen/page/34/mode/2up}}

= Reports from flight attendants =

According to flight attendants Amy Sweeney and Betty Ong, who contacted American Airlines during the hijacking, the hijackers had stabbed flight attendants Karen Martin and Barbara Arestegui and slashed passenger Daniel Lewin's throat.{{cite news |title=Excerpt: A travel day like any other until some passengers left their seats |url=http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/nationworld/2001986488_planes23.html |work=The Seattle Times |date=July 23, 2004 |access-date=May 23, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111119033249/http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/nationworld/2001986488_planes23.html |archive-date=November 19, 2011}}{{cite web |title=Inside the failed Air Force scramble to prevent the Sept. 11 attacks |url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5315883/ |publisher=MSNBC |date=June 28, 2004 |access-date=May 23, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090918164352/http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5315883/ |archive-date=September 18, 2009}}{{cite news |last=Woolley |first=Scott |title=Video Prophet |url=https://www.forbes.com/home/technology/forbes/2007/0423/068.html |date=April 23, 2007 |work=Forbes |access-date=May 23, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081216103647/http://www.forbes.com/home/technology/forbes/2007/0423/068.html |archive-date=December 16, 2008}} It is unknown how the hijackers gained access to the cockpit; FAA rules at the time required that the doors remain closed and locked during flight. Ong said she thought that the hijackers had "jammed their way" in. Ong's and Sweeney's calls indicate that all five hijackers barricaded themselves in the cockpit.

The commission suggested the hijackers attacked the flight attendants to get a cockpit key, to force one of them to open the cockpit door, or to lure the captain or first officer out of the cockpit. It is theorized that Atta initiated the hijacking by giving a signal and that the al-Shehri brothers made the first move by attacking Martin and Arestegui; Sweeney said that Martin was badly injured and being given oxygen. Sweeney and Ong said Arestegui's injuries were not as serious. Ong said she heard loud arguing after the hijackers entered the cockpit.{{Cite web |url=https://nypost.com/2011/09/11/the-eleventh-day/ |title=The eleventh day |first=Anthony |last=Summers |date=September 11, 2011 |access-date=May 11, 2021 |archive-date=April 8, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230408022156/https://nypost.com/2011/09/11/the-eleventh-day/ |url-status=live}} It is believed that the hijackers either killed or incapacitated Ogonowski and McGuinness.{{cite web |last=Lisinski |first=Chris |date=September 18, 2017 |title=For pilot's widow, life goes on. 'It has to.' |url=https://www.lowellsun.com/ci_4319822/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230173240/https://www.lowellsun.com/2006/09/11/for-pilots-widow-life-goes-on-it-has-to/amp/ |archive-date=December 30, 2019 |access-date=October 29, 2018 |website=Lowell Sun Online}}{{efn|A news miscommunication first reported that Ogonowski was held captive in the cockpit and had thought to activate the cockpit radio, to allow ground control to listen to Atta's remarks for the passengers,{{cite news |last1=Kifner |first1=John |title=After the Attacks: American Flight 11; A Plane Left Boston and Skimmed Over River and Mountain in a Deadly Detour |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/13/us/after-attacks-american-flight-11-plane-left-boston-skimmed-over-river-mountain.html |access-date=March 30, 2018 |work=The New York Times |date=September 13, 2001 |archive-date=March 31, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180331104339/https://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/13/us/after-attacks-american-flight-11-plane-left-boston-skimmed-over-river-mountain.html |url-status=live}}{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/1340429/Hijackers-reassured-pilot-while-they-stabbed-stewardesses.html |title=Hijackers reassured pilot while they stabbed stewardesses |author=Toby Harnden |date=2001-09-13 |newspaper=The Telegraph |access-date=2010-03-10 |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627190929/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/1340429/Hijackers-reassured-pilot-while-they-stabbed-stewardesses.html |url-status=live}} although this assertion does not align with the description of events as laid out in the 9/11 Commission Report. It is unknwon when exactly the hijackers started to pilot the aircraft. One alternative scenario, is that they force at least one of the crew to guide them nearer to New York without revealing their true intentions. Peggy Ognowski speculated that "the cockpit crew were in charge of the aircraft, at least to lower New York, to the beginning of Hudson River. It sounded as though the hijackers were able to take control of the aircraft somewhere over the Hudson River, somewhere where they could see the Towers in the distance. Because, of course, their skills could not have been that great in spite them going through flight training".}} Sweeney said that one of the hijackers had shown her a device with red and yellow wires that appeared to be a bomb.{{Cite news |author=Sheehy, Gail |url=http://www.observer.com/node/48805 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071207153421/http://www.observer.com/node/48805 |url-status=dead |archive-date=December 7, 2007 |title='Stewardess ID'd Hijackers Early, Transcripts Show' burden |work=New York Observer |date=February 15, 2004 |access-date=Sep 30, 2010}} Ong and Sweeney said that the coach passengers did not seem to fully understand the peril, and were under the impression from the flight attendants that there was a routine medical emergency in the front section of the plane (it is possible that the passengers evacuated from first and business, who witnessed the attack, went along with this in order to prevent the spread of panic) and that the other flight attendants were helping passengers and finding medical supplies. Ong said Lewin appeared to be dead, while Sweeney said that Suqami had attacked Lewin. Lewin was seated in 9B, and Suqami sat directly behind him in 10B.{{cite news |last=Eggen |first=Dan |title=Airports Screened Nine of Sept. 11 Hijackers, Officials Say; Kin of Victims Call for Inquiry into Revelation |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=March 2, 2002}}

One version of events is that Suqami attacked Lewin, unprovoked, to frighten other passengers and crew into compliance.{{efn|On Flight 93, Mark Rothenberg was stabbed to death prior to the hijacking, and seated in a similar position, just in front of the rear-most hijacker.{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/26/arts/united-93-and-the-politics-of-heroism.html |title='United 93' and the politics of heroism |newspaper=The New York Times |date=April 26, 2006 |last1=Longman |first1=Jere}}}} Alternatively, Lewin, an American-Israeli Internet entrepreneur who understood Arabic, and had served as an officer in the elite Sayeret Matkal special operations unit of the Israel Defense Forces,Hersh, Seymour M. (October 29, 2001). "Watching the Warheads: The Risks to Pakistans Nuclear Arsenal", The New Yorker.{{cite news |last=Sisk |first=Richard |author2=El-Faizy, Monique |title=First Victim Died A Hero On Flt. 11 Ex-Israeli commando tried to halt unfolding hijacking |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/victim-died-hero-flt-11-ex-israeli-commando-halt-unfolding-hijacking-article-1.566014 |date=July 24, 2004 |work=Daily News |access-date=May 23, 2008 |archive-date=October 6, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131006114255/http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/victim-died-hero-flt-11-ex-israeli-commando-halt-unfolding-hijacking-article-1.566014 |url-status=live}} may have attempted to intervene in the hijacking, and confronted the hijackers in front of him, unaware of Suqami behind him. Lewin is believed to be the first fatality in the 9/11 attacks.Ron Jager, [http://5tjt.com/local-news/11694-danny-lewin-the-first-victim-of-911 Danny Lewin: The First Victim Of 9/11], 5TJT, September 8, 2011 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111017194106/http://5tjt.com/local-news/11694-danny-lewin-the-first-victim-of-911 |date=October 17, 2011 }} During a four-minute call to the American Airlines operations center, Ong provided information about lack of communication with the cockpit, lack of access to the cockpit, and that she thought someone had sprayed Mace in the business class cabin.{{cite news |last=Sullivan |first=Laura |title=9/11 victim calmly describes hijack on haunting tape |url=http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/custom/attack/bal-te.terror28jan28,0,6896536.story |date=January 28, 2004 |work=The Baltimore Sun |access-date=May 22, 2008 |archive-date=June 4, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604182608/http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/custom/attack/bal-te.terror28jan28,0,6896536.story |url-status=dead}} She also provided the seat locations of the hijackers, which later helped investigators to determine their identities.

= Hijacker's transmissions =

{{Listen|filename=Mohamed Atta to ATC-1.ogg |title=Mohamed Atta at 08:24|description=Mohamed Atta's first and second announcements, heard by ATC at 08:24|format=Ogg}}

At 08:24:38, Atta's voice was heard by Boston Air traffic controllers, saying, "We have some planes. Just stay quiet and you'll be O.K. We are returning to the airport." At 08:24:56, he announced, "Nobody move. Everything will be okay. If you try to make any moves, you'll endanger yourself and the airplane. Just stay quiet."

Atta apparently tried to make an announcement to the passengers, but keyed the wrong switch and instead his voice was picked up and recorded by air traffic controllers. There are no reports of anyone on the plane hearing the hijacker's transmission.{{efn|9/11 Commission investigator Miles Kara does not subscribe to the belief that Atta mistakenly keyed the mic and "accidentally" broadcast his message; Kara suggests that Atta was, in part, attempting to sow confusion within the FAA, and was delivering a message to Marwan al-Shehhi on United Airlines Flight 175. Kara also suggests that the hijackers would have known that passengers likely could monitor cockpit communications on Channel 9 of United's onboard entertainment system. Because both Flight 11 and Flight 175 departed on cross-country routes approximately at the same time, Kara explains the hijackers could feel confident that the two cockpits would be using the same radio frequency during the first minutes after takeoff. Under that scenario, Atta's "We have some planes" remark could be viewed as a signal to al-Shehhi that their plan was working and that the Flight 175 group should execute its piece of the attack. Although it is unknown whether al-Shehhi heard Atta's comment or was listening to Channel 9, Kara considers it likely. One piece of evidence he cites is the fact that al-Shehhi waited to initiate the hijacking until after Flight 175 had crossed into the airspace of a different air traffic control center. Kara believes that al-Shehhi knew the crossover took place because he heard the Flight 175 pilots say so. If that was the case, he also would have heard the earlier transmissions from Atta that were picked up in the cockpit of Flight 175 and reported later to air traffic control. Separately, John Farmer, senior counsel to the 9/11 Commission, raised questions about whether the sequence of the hijackings, in which two United flights were hijacked after American flights, might have been influenced by the terrorists' hope to use United Channel 9 to gather real-time intelligence on the other hijackings.}} After Atta's transmissions and the inability to contact the airliner, air traffic controllers at Boston ARTCC began to realize that Flight 11 was being hijacked.{{cite news |date=June 17, 2004 |title=9/11 recordings chronicle confusion, delay |work=CNN |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2004/ALLPOLITICS/06/17/911.transcript/ |access-date=May 24, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029211001/http://edition.cnn.com/2004/ALLPOLITICS/06/17/911.transcript/ |archive-date=October 29, 2013}} At 08:26, after crossing the Massachusetts-New York border, the plane turned 100 degrees to the south, following the Hudson River that would lead directly to New York City. At 08:32, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Command Center in Herndon, Virginia, notified FAA headquarters.

{{Listen|filename=Mohamed Atta to ATC-2.ogg |title=Mohamed Atta at 08:33|description=Mohamed Atta's third announcement at 08:33|format=Ogg}}

At 08:33:59, Atta announced a third and final transmission: "Nobody move, please. We are going back to the airport. Don't try to make any stupid moves." At 08:37:08, the pilots of United Airlines Flight{{spaces}}175 verified Flight{{spaces}}11's location and heading to flight control.{{cite news |last=Ellison |first=Michael |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2001/oct/17/september11.usa |title='We have planes. Stay quiet' – Then silence |work=The Guardian |location=London |date=October 17, 2001 |access-date=May 26, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080617223154/http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2001/oct/17/september11.usa |archive-date=June 17, 2008 |url-status=live}} A few minutes before their plane was also hijacked, at 8:42 a.m., the pilots of Flight 175 informed New York Center that they previously heard a suspicious announcement over the radio as they were climbing out of Logan 28 minutes earlier, which would have been around the same time Flight 11 was hijacked. The pilots reported hearing the words, "Everyone, stay in your seats,"{{cite book |last=9/11 Final Report of the National Commission |title="We have some planes" |year=2004 |url=https://9-11commission.gov/report/911Report.pdf |access-date=February 1, 2023 |archive-date=September 12, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912055527/https://9-11commission.gov/report/911Report.pdf |url-status=live}}{{Reference page|page=38}} suggesting they heard the third transmission.Zuckoff, p. 127.

= Fighter jets dispatched =

Boston ARTCC bypassed standard protocols and directly contacted the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) Northeast Air Defense Sector (NEADS) in Rome, New York. NEADS called on two F-15 fighter jets at Otis Air National Guard Base in Mashpee, Massachusetts, to intercept. Officials at Otis spent a few minutes getting authorization for the fighters to take off. The order to dispatch the fighters at Otis was given at 08:46, and the F-15s took off at 08:53, roughly seven minutes after American Airlines Flight{{spaces}}11 had already crashed into the North Tower. Of the four hijacked aircraft on 9/11, the nine minutes of advance notification about the hijacking of Flight{{spaces}}11 was the most time that NORAD had to respond before the aircraft crashed into its intended target.NEADS/NORAD (the military) was notified about Flight{{spaces}}11 at 08:37, nine minutes before the crash. This nine minutes was the amount of time available to them to respond to the situation. They were notified about United Airlines Flight{{spaces}}175 at 09:03, the same time it crashed into the South Tower. They were notified about American Airlines Flight 77 four minutes before it crashed into the Pentagon. The military was notified about United Airlines Flight 93 at 10:07 (four minutes after it crashed in Pennsylvania). The nine minutes with Flight{{spaces}}11 was the most time they had to do something in response. Source: {{cite book |last1=Kean |first1=Thomas H. |url=https://archive.org/details/withoutprecedent00kean/page/263 |title=Without Precedent |last2=Hamilton |first2=Lee H. |publisher=Alfred A. Knopf |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-307-26377-3 |page=[https://archive.org/details/withoutprecedent00kean/page/263 263] |chapter=The Story in the Sky |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/withoutprecedent00kean |url-access=registration}}

Crash

class="toccolours" style="float: right; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 1em; font-size: 85%; background:#c6dbf7; color:black; width:30em; max-width: 40%;" cellspacing="5"

| style="text-align: left;" |"Battalion 1 to Manhattan. We have a number of floors on fire. It looked like the plane was aiming towards the building."

style="text-align: left;" |Chief Joseph Pfeifer, making the first official report after seeing the crash with his own eyes.{{cite news |last=Barry |first=Dan |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/05/19/nyregion/threats-responses-about-new-york-chief-mourns-brother-lives-with-decision.html |work=The New York Times |title=THREATS AND RESPONSES: ABOUT NEW YORK; Chief Mourns a Brother, and Lives With a Decision |date=May 19, 2004 |access-date=August 22, 2023 |archive-date=August 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230822114804/https://www.nytimes.com/2004/05/19/nyregion/threats-responses-about-new-york-chief-mourns-brother-lives-with-decision.html |url-status=live}}

File:Firstplane.jpg filmed the impact of Flight 11 as it crashed into the North Tower of the World Trade Center.]]

At 8:37 a.m., Flight 11 began a rapid descent of 3,200 feet per minute toward New York City, gradually losing speed. Three minutes before impact, Atta completed his final turn toward Manhattan, flying south over the city in the direction of the World Trade Center. At 08:46,{{efn|name=Time4|The exact time is disputed. The 9/11 Commission Report states that Flight 11 struck the North Tower at 8:46:40 a.m.,{{cite book |last= |url=https://9-11commission.gov/report/911Report.pdf |title=9/11 Final Report of the National Commission |year=2004 |page=24 |chapter=Collapse of WTC1 |access-date=February 1, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210816164111/https://www.9-11commission.gov/report/911Report.pdf |archive-date=August 16, 2021 |url-status=live}} NIST reports 8:46:30 a.m.,{{rp|69}} and some other sources claim 8:46:26 a.m.{{cite news |date=May 26, 2002 |title=102 Minutes: Last Words at the Trade Center; Fighting to Live as the Towers Die |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/05/26/nyregion/102-minutes-last-words-at-the-trade-center-fighting-to-live-as-the-towers-die.html |access-date=June 23, 2023 |archive-date=November 14, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114063928/http://www.nytimes.com/2002/05/26/nyregion/102-minutes-last-words-at-the-trade-center-fighting-to-live-as-the-towers-die.html |url-status=live}}}} flight attendant Amy Sweeney panicked that her plane was "flying way too low" just as Atta deliberately crashed into the North Tower. The airplane, traveling about {{convert|440|mph|km/h m/s kn}} and loaded with around {{convert|10000|U.S.gal|L impgal}} of jet fuel, struck the skyscraper's northern façade between floors 93 and 99, its nose impacting the 96th floor.{{cite web |url=http://wtc.nist.gov/NISTNCSTAR1-5.pdf |title=NIST NCSTAR1-5: Reconstruction of the Fires in the World Trade Center Towers |date=October 2005 |publisher=National Institute of Standards and Technology |access-date=May 25, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080530151724/http://wtc.nist.gov/NISTNCSTAR1-5.pdf |archive-date=May 30, 2008 |url-status=live}}

Hundreds were killed instantly, including everyone on the aircraft and numerous workers in the North Tower.{{cite web |url=http://www.9-11commission.gov/report/911Report_Ch9.htm |title=Heroism and Horror |year=2004 |publisher=National Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United States |access-date=August 18, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070815141749/http://www.9-11commission.gov/report/911Report_Ch9.htm |archive-date=August 15, 2007 |url-status=live}} Many who had been outside of the path of the crashing airliner were incinerated as its fuel exploded.{{Reference page|page=73}} Studies suggest that as many as 1,426 people may have been present on the top 18 floors of the North Tower when it was struck almost midway into its central core.{{efn|name=killed/trapped}} The core housed three stairwells (A, B and C) extending from the roof to the ground floor, with a distance of just {{convert|70|ft|m|abbr=off}} between each one in the impact region.{{Cite news |url=https://www.history.com/news/world-trade-center-stairwell-design-9-11 |title=How the Design of the World Trade Center Claimed Lives on 9/11 |work=History.com |access-date=August 22, 2023 |language=en |archive-date=June 5, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190605220000/https://www.history.com/news/world-trade-center-stairwell-design-9-11 |url-status=live}} The size of the hijacked 767 easily severed all three, trapping close to a thousand crash survivors.{{Cite journal |last1=Galea |first1=Edwin R |last2=Hulse |first2=Lynn |last3=Day |first3=Rachel |last4=Siddiqui |first4=Asim |last5=Sharp |first5=Gary |date=2012 |title=The UK WTC 9/11 evacuation study: An overview of findings derived from first-hand interview data and computer modelling |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/fam.1070 |journal=Fire and Materials |volume=36 |issue=5–6 |pages=501–521 |doi=10.1002/fam.1070 |s2cid=110718132 |via=Wiley |access-date=August 19, 2023 |archive-date=June 29, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230629193351/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/fam.1070 |url-status=live|url-access=subscription }} All stairwells from floors 93 up to 99 were destroyed or blocked and elevator service was disrupted from the 50th floor upward.{{Reference page|page=74}} The airplane descended downward at an angle of about 10 degrees at impact, pushing rubble into stairwells as many as six stories below where it hit; consequently, the 92nd floor was also sealed off from the rest of the tower when falling debris from Flight 11's impact zone walled off each of its stairwells.{{cite news |last1=Dwyer |first1=Jim |last2=Lipton |first2=Eric |display-authors=etal |date=May 26, 2002 |title=102 Minutes: Last Words at the Trade Center; Fighting to Live as the Towers Die |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/05/26/nyregion/102-minutes-last-words-at-the-trade-center-fighting-to-live-as-the-towers-die.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114063928/http://www.nytimes.com/2002/05/26/nyregion/102-minutes-last-words-at-the-trade-center-fighting-to-live-as-the-towers-die.html |archive-date=November 14, 2013 |access-date=May 23, 2008 |work=The New York Times}} The highest survivors in the North Tower came from the 91st floor, while anyone above was left to burn alive, asphyxiate, succumb to toxic exposure from ignited chemicals or be killed in the tower's eventual collapse. Some 100–200 people plummeted from the upper floors, most of whom died by jumping to escape the intense heat, smoke and flames.{{cite web |last= |year=2005 |title=OBSERVATIONS OF FALLING HUMAN BEINGS FOR WTC 1 |url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Appendix-M_NIST-NCSTAR_1-5A_Sept2005_PDF-pp227-232.pdf |access-date=August 19, 2023 |publisher=National Institute of Standards and Technology |archive-date=May 29, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210529184432/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Appendix-M_NIST-NCSTAR_1-5A_Sept2005_PDF-pp227-232.pdf |url-status=live}}{{Cite news |author=Cauchon |first1=Dennis |last2=Moore |first2=Martha |date=September 2, 2002 |title=Desperation forced a horrific decision |url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/sept11/2002-09-02-jumper_x.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120901152537/http://www.usatoday.com/news/sept11/2002-09-02-jumper_x.htm |archive-date=September 1, 2012 |access-date=February 25, 2023 |work=USA Today |publisher=Gannett}} Light-to-moderate damage was reported on every floor from ground level to the 92nd, including collapsed walls, missing ceiling tiles, severed wires and smashed windows. The sprinkler system was severed by the impact, causing flooding on various floors throughout the tower. Moreover, burning jet fuel was channeled through the building via elevator shafts and ductwork,{{cite news |last1=Cauchon |first1=Dennis |last2=Moore |first2=Martha T. |title=Elevators were disaster within disaster |url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/sept11/2002-09-04-elevator-usat_x.htm |date=September 4, 2002 |work=USA Today |access-date=May 23, 2008 |archive-date=September 11, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120911090208/http://www.usatoday.com/news/sept11/2002-09-04-elevator-usat_x.htm |url-status=live}} igniting small-scale fires on many floors between the 77th and 91st. Three major flash fires occurred in the 78th and 44th floor skylobbies as well as the main lobby at the base, causing fatal burns nearly a hundred floors below the impact.{{cite episode |title=Zero Hour |series=Inside 9/11 |series-link=Inside 9/11 |airdate=2005-09-23 |credits=Producers: Colette Beaudry and Michael Cascio |network=National Geographic Channel}} The shockwave was felt in both towers.{{Reference page|page=87}} The northern and western façades of the South Tower were battered by debris,{{cite web |url=https://holdthedoor.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/penn-stater.pdf |title=Rob Fazio lost his dad in the 9/11 World Trade Center attacks. Now he's working to make sure his father's last, selfless act continues to help others. |year=2018 |access-date=June 25, 2023 |archive-date=September 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210909035934/https://holdthedoor.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/penn-stater.pdf |url-status=live}} and the explosion broke some windows in the South Tower. Prevailing winds from the northwest caused the top of the South Tower to become engulfed by the thick smoke pouring southeast, and a number of employees at that altitude reported that the fumes began filtering into their floors alongside the intense heat.{{cite news |date=May 26, 2002 |title=Accounts From the South Tower |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/05/26/nyregion/accounts-from-the-south-tower.html |url-status=live |access-date=May 24, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190814233011/https://www.nytimes.com/2002/05/26/nyregion/accounts-from-the-south-tower.html |archive-date=August 14, 2019 |issn=0362-4331}}{{cite news |title=September 11 survivor: 'As I left the south tower I heard a plane roaring towards the World Trade Center — I thought it was the end and screamed out my mummy's name' |url=https://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/people/sept-11-survivor-i-thought-this-was-the-end-i-screamed-out-my-mummys-name-3379975 |date=September 11, 2021 |access-date=May 24, 2023 |url-status=live |archive-date=May 18, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230518220101/https://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/people/sept-11-survivor-i-thought-this-was-the-end-i-screamed-out-my-mummys-name-3379975}}

File:North Tower on Fire, September 11.jpg

File:Wtc05-orig-2001-09-11-09-13-05-Charles-Marsh.jpg |volume=403 |page=19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080527193541/http://www.fema.gov/pdf/library/fema403_ch2.pdf |archive-date=May 27, 2008 |access-date=May 24, 2008}}]]

Countless people in both the city and state of New York as well as the adjacent state of New Jersey saw first-hand what had happened to the North Tower, and the smoke billowing over the horizon very quickly became visible from parts of Connecticut as well. Despite this, only four people happened to be recording at 08:46. French cameraman Jules Naudet, who was filming a documentary about the FDNY, rode with Battalion 1 to investigate a suspected gas leak in a storm drain at the intersection of Church and Lispenard streets, where he caught the only known clear footage of the plane flying into the tower. Pavel Hlava, a Czech immigrant, unknowingly taped the plane from far away while preparing to drive into the Brooklyn–Battery Tunnel from Brooklyn. Just south of the World Trade Center, the New York City-based television station WNYW had been filming in nearby City Hall Park when Flight{{spaces}}11 crashed into the tower offscreen. Reporter Dick Oliver picked up the camera and recorded the immediate aftermath.{{cite news |last=Carter |first=Bill |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/02/06/nyregion/cbs-to-broadcast-videotape-shot-inside-towers-during-trade-center-attack.html |title=CBS to Broadcast Videotape Shot Inside Towers During Trade Center Attack |date=February 6, 2002 |work=The New York Times |access-date=May 23, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131225000202/http://www.nytimes.com/2002/02/06/nyregion/cbs-to-broadcast-videotape-shot-inside-towers-during-trade-center-attack.html |archive-date=December 25, 2013}}{{cite news |last=Glanz |first=James |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/07/nyregion/07TAPE.html |title=A Rare View of 9/11, Overlooked |date=September 7, 2003 |work=The New York Times |access-date=May 23, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090503112749/http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/07/nyregion/07TAPE.html |archive-date=May 3, 2009 |url-status=live}}{{Cite web |url=https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=cVEmAWaKoYQ |title=9/11 WTC Rare Video of First Plane Attack - WNYW TV |website=YouTube |date=October 2008 |access-date=April 13, 2023 |archive-date=April 13, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230413022952/https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=cVEmAWaKoYQ |url-status=live}} A webcam set up by Wolfgang Staehle at an art exhibit in Brooklyn to take images of Lower Manhattan every four seconds also captured stills of Flight{{spaces}}11 flying towards the North Tower and the explosion that followed.{{cite magazine |author=Staehle |first=Wolfgang |date=September 1, 2006 |title=Rare Scenes from 9/11 |url=http://www.vanityfair.com/politics/features/2006/09/wtc_photoessay200609?slide=2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215195309/http://www.vanityfair.com/politics/features/2006/09/wtc_photoessay200609?slide=2 |archive-date=December 15, 2013 |access-date=June 12, 2007 |magazine=Vanity Fair}}

Some reporters claimed that the plane that struck the North Tower was a "small, twin-engine jet," despite the size of the hole in the skyscraper. At 08:55, senior advisor to the president Karl Rove conveyed this misleading information to President George W. Bush as he arrived at Emma E. Booker Elementary School in Sarasota, Florida; the president's surmise was that the crash "must have been caused by pilot error."{{sfn|9/11 Commission|2004a|p=53}} Shortly after, in an on-air phone call from his office at the CNN New York bureau, CNN vice president of finance Sean Murtagh reported that a large passenger commercial jet had hit the World Trade Center,{{cite news |date=September 11, 2001 |title=CNN Breaking News Terrorist Attack on United States |url=http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0109/11/bn.01.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080705234434/http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0109/11/bn.01.html |archive-date=July 5, 2008 |access-date=May 23, 2008 |work=CNN}} and other television networks began interrupting regular broadcasting with news of the crash within minutes.

The general assumption was that Flight 11's crash was a tragic accident, although some news stations suggested it could have been on purpose. Though many people in the South Tower chose to evacuate after seeing what had happened in the North Tower, the Port Authority made the decision not to initiate an immediate full-scale evacuation of the South Tower immediately following the first plane crash, operating under the assumption that it was an accident.{{sfn|9/11 Commission|2004a|p=335}} Seventeen minutes after the first impact, the World Trade Center's South Tower was hit by United Airlines Flight 175, confirming that the crash was deliberate.{{cite news |author=Deans |first=Jason |date=September 12, 2001 |title=16m glued to news as tragedy unfolds |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2001/sep/12/overnights.september112001 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130825144716/http://www.theguardian.com/media/2001/sep/12/overnights.september112001 |archive-date=August 25, 2013 |access-date=February 24, 2023 |work=The Guardian |issn=0261-3077 |quote=Within 10 minutes of the first crash, around 4m people were in front of a TV watching the tragedy unfold.}}

Aftermath

File:Wtc collapse side by side (colors).png File:Wrackteil vom 9.11.2001.jpg

After the crash, the North Tower burned for 102{{spaces}}minutes before collapsing at 10:28. Although the impact itself caused extensive structural damage, the long-lasting fire ignited by jet fuel was blamed for the structural failure of the tower.{{cite book |author= |title=Final Report on the Collapse of the World Trade Center Towers |date=September 2005 |publisher=National Construction Safety Team, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Technology Administration, United States Department of Commerce |chapter=Executive Summary |access-date=May 21, 2008 |chapter-url=http://wtc.nist.gov/NISTNCSTAR1CollapseofTowers.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080527193541/http://wtc.nist.gov/NISTNCSTAR1CollapseofTowers.pdf |archive-date=May 27, 2008 |url-status=live}}{{cite news |last=Miller |first=Bill |title=Report Assesses Trade Center's Collapse |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2002/05/01/report-assesses-trade-centers-collapse/d6839e94-9bd3-410c-b18c-cbc30a9e318c/ |date=May 1, 2002 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=June 12, 2008 |archive-date=March 5, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305090932/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2002/05/01/report-assesses-trade-centers-collapse/d6839e94-9bd3-410c-b18c-cbc30a9e318c/ |url-status=live}}{{cite news |last=Williams |first=Timothy |title=Report on Trade Center Collapses Emphasizes Damage to Fireproofing |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/04/05/nyregion/05cnd-wtc.html |date=April 5, 2005 |work=The New York Times |access-date=June 12, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120107205236/http://www.nytimes.com/2005/04/05/nyregion/05cnd-wtc.html |archive-date=January 7, 2012 |url-status=dead}} In addition to the aircraft passengers and building occupants, hundreds of rescue workers also died when the tower collapsed.{{cite news |title=Police back on day-to-day beat after 9/11 nightmare |url=http://archives.cnn.com/2002/US/07/20/wtc.police/index.html |date=July 21, 2002 |publisher=CNN |access-date=May 23, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517155430/http://archives.cnn.com/2002/US/07/20/wtc.police/index.html |archive-date=May 17, 2008 |url-status=dead |df=mdy}} Despite being the first of the two buildings to be hit, the North Tower was the second to collapse. Furthermore, it stood for nearly twice as long after being struck as the South Tower, with the latter burning for only 56 minutes before collapsing. This is because Flight 11 crashed into the North Tower at a lower speed and much higher up than Flight 175 did into the South Tower, leading to there being far less structural weight above the impact zone; the North Tower had 11 floors above the point of impact while the South Tower had more than twice that amount.{{cite news |last1=Lipton |first1=Eric |last2=Glanz |first2=James |date=February 23, 2002 |title=A NATION CHALLENGED: THE TRADE CENTER CRASHES; First Tower to Fall Was Hit At Higher Speed, Study Finds |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/02/23/us/nation-challenged-trade-center-crashes-first-tower-fall-was-hit-higher-speed.html |access-date=October 15, 2022 |archive-date=October 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221016011731/https://www.nytimes.com/2002/02/23/us/nation-challenged-trade-center-crashes-first-tower-fall-was-hit-higher-speed.html |url-status=live}} Cantor Fitzgerald L.P., an investment bank on floors 101–105 of the North Tower, lost 658{{spaces}}employees, considerably more than any other employer.{{cite news |date=September 4, 2006 |title=Cantor rebuilds after 9/11 losses |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/5282060.stm?lsf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080406160843/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/5282060.stm?lsf |archive-date=April 6, 2008 |access-date=May 20, 2008 |work=BBC News |publisher=BBC}}

Rescue workers at the World Trade Center site began to discover body fragments from Flight{{spaces}}11 victims within days of the attack. Some workers found bodies strapped to airplane seats and discovered the remains of a flight attendant with her hands bound, suggesting the hijackers might have used plastic handcuffs.{{cite news |last=Sachs |first=Susan |title=After the Attacks: The Trade Center; Heart-Rending Discoveries as Digging Continues in Lower Manhattan |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/15/us/after-attacks-trade-center-heart-rending-discoveries-digging-continues-lower.html |date=September 15, 2001 |work=The New York Times |access-date=May 24, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131225060439/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/15/us/after-attacks-trade-center-heart-rending-discoveries-digging-continues-lower.html |archive-date=December 25, 2013}}{{cite web |author=Gardiner |first1=Sean |last2=Rayman |first2=Graham |date=September 15, 2001 |title=Hijackers May Have Used Handcuffs |url=http://www.amny.com/news/local/groundzero/ny-nycuff152367641sep15,0,1025711.story |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070327214337/http://www.amny.com/news/local/groundzero/ny-nycuff152367641sep15%2C0%2C1025711.story |archive-date=March 27, 2007 |access-date=May 24, 2008 |work=AM New York}} Within a year, medical examiners had identified the remains of 33{{spaces}}victims who had been on board Flight{{spaces}}11.{{cite news |last=O'Shaughnessy |first=Patrice |title=More Than Half Of Victims Id'd |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/2002/09/11/2002-09-11_more_than_half_of_victims_idd.html |date=September 11, 2002 |work=Daily News |access-date=May 24, 2008 |location=New York |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090825205238/http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/2002/09/11/2002-09-11_more_than_half_of_victims_idd.html |archive-date=August 25, 2009}} They identified two other Flight{{spaces}}11 victims, including purser Karen Martin, in 2006, while other unrelated body fragments were discovered near Ground Zero around the same time.{{cite news |last=Brubaker |first=Bill |title=Remains of Three 9/11 Victims Identified |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/11/02/AR2006110200829.html |date=November 2, 2006 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=May 24, 2008 |archive-date=July 22, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150722113848/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/11/02/AR2006110200829.html |url-status=live}}{{cite news |last=Holusha |first=John |title=3 Trade Center Victims Identified by DNA |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/02/nyregion/02cnd-dna.html?pagewanted=all |date=November 2, 2006 |work=The New York Times |access-date=May 24, 2008 |archive-date=January 24, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160124030231/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/02/nyregion/02cnd-dna.html?pagewanted=all |url-status=live}} In April 2007, examiners using newer DNA technology identified another Flight{{spaces}}11 victim.{{cite news |last=Gaskell |first=Stephanie |title=9/11 Plane Passenger Id'd |url=http://www.nypost.com/p/news/regional/item_YwDxX7wYogy7cOkTC7xBrN;jsessionid=A256450D5E18EC6C2F1E7A1D9B938FDC |date=April 11, 2007 |work=New York Post |access-date=September 12, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024075017/http://www.nypost.com/p/news/regional/item_YwDxX7wYogy7cOkTC7xBrN%3Bjsessionid%3DA256450D5E18EC6C2F1E7A1D9B938FDC |archive-date=October 24, 2012 |url-status=dead}} The remains of two hijackers, potentially from Flight{{spaces}}11, were also identified and removed from Memorial Park in Manhattan.{{cite news |last=Kelley |first=Tina |title=Officials Identify Remains of Two Hijackers Through DNA |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/03/01/nyregion/officials-identify-remains-of-two-hijackers-through-dna.html |date=March 1, 2003 |work=The New York Times |access-date=May 24, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131225060445/http://www.nytimes.com/2003/03/01/nyregion/officials-identify-remains-of-two-hijackers-through-dna.html |archive-date=December 25, 2013}} The remains of the other hijackers have not been identified and are buried with other unidentified remains at this park.{{cite news |last=Standora |first=Leo |title=ID Remains OF 2 WTC Hijackers |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/2003/03/01/2003-03-01_id_remains_of_2_wtc_hijackers.html |date=March 1, 2003 |work=Daily News |access-date=May 24, 2008 |location=New York |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090825204415/http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/2003/03/01/2003-03-01_id_remains_of_2_wtc_hijackers.html |archive-date=August 25, 2009}}

Suqami's passport survived the crash and landed in the street below. Soaked in jet fuel, it was picked up by a passerby who gave it to a New York City Police Department (NYPD) detective shortly before the South Tower collapsed.{{cite book |chapter-url=http://www.9-11commission.gov/staff_statements/911_TerrTrav_Ch2.pdf |title=Monograph on 9/11 and Terrorist Travel |chapter=Chronology |publisher=National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States |page=40 |access-date=May 25, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080529193648/http://www.9-11commission.gov/staff_statements/911_TerrTrav_Ch2.pdf |archive-date=May 29, 2008 |url-status=live}}{{cite web |url=http://www.911myths.com/images/5/55/Hijackers_Timeline_OCR.pdf |title=Hijackers Timeline |publisher=Federal Bureau of Investigation / 911myths.com |access-date=May 26, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080530151722/http://www.911myths.com/images/5/55/Hijackers_Timeline_OCR.pdf |archive-date=May 30, 2008 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all}} Investigators retrieved Mohamed Atta's luggage, which had not been loaded onto the flight. The bags contained papers from Atta's studies in Germany and Egypt; Alomari's international driver's license and passport; a videocassette for a Boeing 757 flight simulator; and a folding knife and pepper spray. They also contained "The Last Night" document, with instructions to the hijackers and preparations for martyrdom and death. Further, the bags' contents identified the names of all 19 hijackers for the four crashed, September 11th flights. In a recording, a few months later in Afghanistan, Al Qaeda's leader, Osama bin Laden, took responsibility for the attack. The attack on the World Trade Center exceeded even bin Laden's expectations: he had expected only the floors above the plane strikes to collapse.{{cite web |url=https://legacy.npr.org/news/specials/response/investigation/011213.binladen.transcript.html |title=Transcript of Bin Laden videotape |publisher=National Public Radio |date=December 13, 2001 |access-date=May 24, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080512083711/http://www.npr.org/news/specials/response/investigation/011213.binladen.transcript.html |archive-date=May 12, 2008 |url-status=live}} The flight recorders for Flight{{spaces}}11 and Flight{{spaces}}175 were never found.{{cite web |title=9-11 Commission Report – Notes |url=http://govinfo.library.unt.edu/911/report/911Report_Notes.htm |year=2004 |publisher=National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States |at=Note 76 |access-date=May 24, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080530161252/http://govinfo.library.unt.edu/911/report/911Report_Notes.htm |archive-date=May 30, 2008 |url-status=live}}

File:4.28.12Flight11PanelN-74ByLuigiNovi2.jpg's North Pool. The passengers' names are on that panel and four other adjacent ones.{{cite web |url=http://names.911memorial.org/#lang=en_US&page=person&id=4382 |title=North Pool: Panel N-74 – John A. Ogonowski |publisher=National September 11 Memorial & Museum |access-date=December 11, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130727095710/http://names.911memorial.org/ |archive-date=July 27, 2013}}]]After the attacks, the flight number for the scheduled flight on the same route with the same takeoff time was changed, and as of 2024, is flown using an Airbus A321 instead of a Boeing 767. An American flag is flown on the jet bridge of gate B32 from which Flight{{spaces}}11 departed Logan Airport.{{cite news |last1=Guzman |first1=Dan |title=At Logan, Some 9/11 Tributes Go Unnoticed By Most Of The Flying Public |url=http://www.wbur.org/morningedition/2016/09/08/logan-memorial |access-date=2 December 2018 |work=www.wbur.org |date=September 8, 2016 |language=en |archive-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181202070820/http://www.wbur.org/morningedition/2016/09/08/logan-memorial |url-status=live}} An American flag is also flown on the jet bridge of gate 65B at Los Angeles Airport, where Flight 11 was scheduled to arrive.{{citation needed|date=February 2025}}

In 2002, the first recipients of the annual Madeline Amy Sweeney Award for Civilian Bravery were Sweeney and Ong. Ogonowski also received a posthumous award. They were all residents of Massachusetts. Relatives of all three accepted the awards on their behalf.{{Cite news |title=Heroes' Moment Honors Trio on Flight 11 Will Recognize Courage |last=Tangeny |first=Chris |date=February 12, 2002 |work=The Boston Globe |id={{ProQuest|405443436}}}}

On April 26, 2013, a piece of the wing flap mechanism from a Boeing 767 was discovered wedged between two buildings at Park Place, near where other landing gear parts were found.{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/27/nyregion/airplane-debris-found-near-world-trade-center-site.html?_r=0 |work=The New York Times |first=Joseph |last=Goldstein |title=11 Years Later, Debris From Plane Is Found Near Ground Zero |date=April 26, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140417120152/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/27/nyregion/airplane-debris-found-near-world-trade-center-site.html?_r=0 |archive-date=April 17, 2014 |url-status=live}}{{cite news |url=http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/04/29/plane-debris-near-ground-zero-is-identified-as-part-of-a-wing-flap/ |work=The New York Times |first=J. David |last=Goodman |title=Jet Debris Near 9/11 Site Is Identified as Wing Part |date=April 29, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104140602/http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/04/29/plane-debris-near-ground-zero-is-identified-as-part-of-a-wing-flap/ |archive-date=January 4, 2014 |url-status=live}} The onboard defibrillator from Flight{{spaces}}11 was found in 2014 during roadworks near Liberty Street.{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/21/nyregion/saving-the-scars-of9-11.html |title=Saving the Scars of 9/11 |first=David W. |last=Dunlap |newspaper=The New York Times |date=April 20, 2016 |access-date=May 1, 2020 |archive-date=November 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108122334/http://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/21/nyregion/saving-the-scars-of9-11.html |url-status=live}}

At the National September 11 Memorial, the names of the 87{{spaces}}victims of Flight{{spaces}}11 are inscribed on the North Pool, on Panels N-1 and N-2, and Panels N-74{{snd}}N-76.{{Cite web |title=About: The Memorial Names Layout |url=http://names.911memorial.org/#lang=en_US&page=about&id=7 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130727095710/http://names.911memorial.org/#lang=en_US&page=about&id=7 |archive-date=July 27, 2013 |access-date=December 11, 2011 |website=National September 11 Memorial & Museum}}

Notes

References

=Works cited=

{{cite report |ref={{harvid|9/11 Commission|2004a}} |title=Final Report of the 9/11 Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States |date=July 22, 2004 |publisher=National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States |access-date=August 15, 2021 |url=https://9-11commission.gov/report/911Report.pdf |archive-date=August 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210816164111/https://www.9-11commission.gov/report/911Report.pdf |url-status=live}}

External links

{{Spoken Wikipedia|American_Airlines_Flight_11.ogg|date=2012-04-11}}

{{external media

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| image1 = [http://www.airliners.net/open.file/0188160/M/ Picture of aircraft Pre 9/11]}}

[https://web.archive.org/web/20100807204647/http://www.gpoaccess.gov//911/index.html The Final 9/11 Commission Report]

[http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB196/index.htm 9-11 NTSB Report]

{{Cite web |url=http://neverforget911.org/americanairlinesflight11.aspx |title=Victims of the American Airlines Flight 11 |access-date=November 20, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100112102310/http://neverforget911.org/americanairlinesflight11.aspx |archive-date=January 12, 2010 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all}}
{{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010911233514/http://www.aa.com/ |date=September 11, 2001 |title=American Airlines site explaining that all aircraft are accounted for }}, September 11, 2001
{{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010912191349/http://www.aa.com/ |date=September 12, 2001 |title=American Airlines site with condolences for deceased }}, September 12, 2001

{{Aviation accidents and incidents in the United States in the 2000s}}

Category:2001 fires in the United States

Category:2001 in New York City

Category:2001 in Massachusetts

Category:2001 murders in the United States

Category:Accidents and incidents involving the Boeing 767

Category:Aircraft hijackings in the United States

Category:Airliner accidents and incidents in New York City

Category:Airliner accidents and incidents involving deliberate crashes

Category:Airliner accidents and incidents caused by hijacking

Category:Airliners involved in the September 11 attacks

Category:Aviation accidents and incidents in the United States in 2001