Android Lollipop#PROJECT-VOLTA

The release was internally codenamed "Lemon Meringue Pie".{{cite web |title="LMP" – Lemon Meringue Pie – Looking More And More Likely As The Official Name For Android L |publisher=Android Police |url=http://www.androidpolice.com/2014/08/23/lmp-lemon-meringue-pie-looking-more-and-more-likely-as-the-official-name-for-android-l/ |date=August 23, 2014 |access-date=2017-06-23 |archive-date=2017-09-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170907170600/http://www.androidpolice.com/2014/08/23/lmp-lemon-meringue-pie-looking-more-and-more-likely-as-the-official-name-for-android-l/ |url-status=live }} Android 5.0 was first unveiled under the codename "Android L" on June 25, 2014, during a keynote presentation at the Google I/O developers' conference. Alongside Lollipop, the presentation focused on a number of new Android-oriented platforms and technologies, including Android TV, in-car platform Android Auto, wearable computing platform Android Wear, and health tracking platform Google Fit.{{cite news |title=From Android L to Google Fit: All the new products and features from Google I/O |url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/2367746/from-android-l-to-google-fit-all-the-announcements-from-google-i/from-android-l-to-google-fit-all-t.html |website=PC World |access-date=June 26, 2014 |archive-date=June 26, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140626183451/http://www.pcworld.com/article/2367746/from-android-l-to-google-fit-all-the-announcements-from-google-i/from-android-l-to-google-fit-all-t.html |url-status=dead }}

Part of the presentation was dedicated to a new cross-platform design language referred to as "Material Design". Expanding upon the "card" motifs first seen in Google Now, it is a design with increased use of grid-based layouts, responsive animations and transitions, padding, and depth effects such as lighting and shadows. Designer Matías Duarte explained that "unlike real paper, our digital material can expand and reform intelligently. Material has physical surfaces and edges. Seams and shadows provide meaning about what you can touch." The material design language would not only be used on Android, but across Google's suite of web software as well, providing a consistent experience across all platforms.{{cite web|title=Google's new 'Material Design' UI coming to Android, Chrome OS and the web|url=https://www.engadget.com/2014/06/25/googles-new-design-language-is-called-material-design/|website=Engadget|access-date=June 26, 2014|archive-date=August 16, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816150431/https://www.engadget.com/2014/06/25/googles-new-design-language-is-called-material-design/|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title=Google Reveals Details About Android L at Google IO|url=http://www.anandtech.com/show/8207/google-reveals-details-about-android-l-at-google-io|website=Anandtech|access-date=June 26, 2014|archive-date=June 28, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140628013652/http://anandtech.com/show/8207/google-reveals-details-about-android-l-at-google-io|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title=Google's New, Improved Android Will Deliver A Unified Design Language|url=http://www.fastcodesign.com/3032378/googles-new-improved-android-will-deliver-a-unified-design-language|website=Co.Design|date=June 25, 2014|access-date=June 26, 2014|archive-date=July 29, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729070030/http://www.fastcodesign.com/3032378/googles-new-improved-android-will-deliver-a-unified-design-language|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title=We just played with Android's L Developer Preview|url=https://www.engadget.com/2014/06/26/android-developer-preview-hands-on/|website=Engadget|publisher=AOL|access-date=June 26, 2014|archive-date=June 26, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140626162710/http://www.engadget.com/2014/06/26/android-developer-preview-hands-on/|url-status=live}}

{{See also|Android version history#Android 5.0 Lollipop}}

Android 5.0 introduces a refreshed notification system. Individual notifications are now displayed on cards to adhere to the material design language, and batches of notifications can be grouped by the app that produced them. Notifications are now displayed on the lock screen as cards, and "heads up" notifications can also be displayed as large banners across the top of the screen, along with their respective action buttons.{{cite web|last1=Smith|first1=Chris|title=Android L's heads up notifications feature arrives early through third-party app|url=http://www.techradar.com/us/news/phone-and-communications/mobile-phones/android-l-s-heads-up-notifications-feature-arrives-early-through-third-party-app-1256115|website=Tech Radar|publisher=Future plc|access-date=August 6, 2014|archive-date=August 8, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808042129/http://www.techradar.com/us/news/phone-and-communications/mobile-phones/android-l-s-heads-up-notifications-feature-arrives-early-through-third-party-app-1256115|url-status=live}} A do-not-disturb feature is also added for notifications. The recent apps menu was redesigned to use a three-dimensional stack of cards to represent open apps. Individual apps can also display multiple cards in the recents menu, such as for a web browser's open tabs. Upon the release of this version, for most Android devices, the navigation buttons were completely changed from a left arrow, a house, and two squares, to a left triangle, a circle and a square.

Lollipop also contains major new platform features for developers, with over 5,000 new APIs added for use by applications.{{cite web|last1=Mayton|first1=Joseph|title=Android L, LG G Watch, update issue and what reviewers are saying|url=http://www.techtimes.com/articles/9881/20140708/android-wear-watch-l-and-what-reviewers-are-saying.htm|website=Tech Times|date=July 8, 2014|access-date=August 5, 2014|archive-date=August 9, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809220216/http://www.techtimes.com/articles/9881/20140708/android-wear-watch-l-and-what-reviewers-are-saying.htm|url-status=live}}{{cite web|last1=Haselton|first1=Todd|title=Android L Developer Preview Unveiled With Major Changes|url=http://www.technobuffalo.com/2014/06/25/android-l-developer-preview/|website=Techno Buffalo|access-date=August 5, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811010520/http://www.technobuffalo.com/2014/06/25/android-l-developer-preview/|archive-date=August 11, 2014|url-status=dead}} For example, there is the possibility to save photos in a raw image format.{{cite web|title=How Android 5.0 lets you get raw for better photos|author=Stephen Shankland|date=December 19, 2014|access-date=2015-01-12|url=http://www.cnet.com/news/android-lollipop-opens-high-end-photography-options/|website=CNET|archive-date=2015-01-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150112174739/http://www.cnet.com/news/android-lollipop-opens-high-end-photography-options/|url-status=live}} Additionally, the Dalvik virtual machine was officially replaced by Android Runtime (ART), which is a new runtime environment that was introduced as a technology preview in KitKat.{{cite web|title='ART' experiment in Android KitKat improves battery life and speeds up apps|url=https://www.engadget.com/2013/11/06/new-android-runtime-could-improve-battery-life/|website=Engadget|access-date=June 26, 2014|archive-date=January 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170127122851/https://www.engadget.com/2013/11/06/new-android-runtime-could-improve-battery-life/|url-status=live}} ART is a cross-platform runtime which supports the x86, ARM, and MIPS architectures in both 32-bit and 64-bit environments. Unlike Dalvik, which uses just-in-time compilation (JIT), ART compiles apps upon installation, which are then run exclusively from the compiled version from then on. This technique removes the processing overhead associated with the JIT process, improving system performance.{{cite web | title = A Closer Look at Android RunTime (ART) in Android L | url = http://anandtech.com/show/8231/a-closer-look-at-android-runtime-art-in-android-l/ | date = July 1, 2014 | access-date = July 5, 2014 | author = Andrei Frumusanu | work = AnandTech | archive-date = July 5, 2014 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140705022457/http://anandtech.com/show/8231/a-closer-look-at-android-runtime-art-in-android-l | url-status = live }}

Lollipop also aimed to improve battery consumption through a series of optimizations known as "Project Volta". Among its changes are a new battery saver mode, job-scheduling APIs which can restrict certain tasks to only occur over Wi-Fi, and batching of tasks to reduce the overall amount of time that internal radios are active on. The new developer tool called "Battery Historian" can be used for tracking battery consumption by apps while in use. The Android Extension Pack APIs also provide graphics functions such as new shaders, aiming to provide PC-level graphics for 3D games on Android devices.{{cite web|title=Google's next big Android redesign is coming in the fall|url=https://www.theverge.com/2014/6/25/5841302/google-announces-the-next-android|website=The Verge|date=June 25, 2014|publisher=Vox Media|access-date=June 26, 2014|archive-date=June 26, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140626064437/http://www.theverge.com/2014/6/25/5841302/google-announces-the-next-android|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title=Android's next release will include GPU-focused tech for PC quality graphics|url=http://www.polygon.com/2014/6/25/5842246/android-gpu-extension-pack-pc-graphics|website=Polygon|date=June 25, 2014|publisher=Vox Media|access-date=June 26, 2014|archive-date=July 14, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714213808/http://www.polygon.com/2014/6/25/5842246/android-gpu-extension-pack-pc-graphics|url-status=live}}

A number of system-level, enterprise-oriented features were also introduced under the banner "Android for Work". The Samsung Knox security framework was initially planned to be used as a foundation for "Android for Work", but instead Google opted to use its own technology for segregating personal and work-oriented data on a device, along with the accompanying APIs for managing the environment.{{cite web

| url = http://recode.net/2015/02/25/google-expands-its-android-for-work-efforts-in-bid-to-get-more-businesses-using-its-phones/

| title = Google Expands Its "Android for Work" Efforts in Bid to Get More Businesses Using Its Phones

| date = February 25, 2015

| access-date = April 2, 2015

| author = Ina Fried

| website = recode.net

| archive-date = April 2, 2015

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150402054744/http://recode.net/2015/02/25/google-expands-its-android-for-work-efforts-in-bid-to-get-more-businesses-using-its-phones/

| url-status = live

}} With the "Smart Lock" feature, devices can also be configured so users do not have to perform device unlocking with a PIN or pattern when being on a trusted location, or in proximity of a designated Bluetooth device or NFC tag.{{cite news |title=Google I/O: Android L Sneak Peek Reveals 'Material Design,' Personal Unlocking and More |url=https://blogs.wsj.com/personal-technology/2014/06/25/android-l-sneak-peek-reveals-material-design-personal-unlocking-and-more/ |website=Wall Street Journal |date=June 25, 2014 |access-date=June 26, 2014 |last1=Rothman |first1=Wilson |archive-date=June 27, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140627170101/http://blogs.wsj.com/personal-technology/2014/06/25/android-l-sneak-peek-reveals-material-design-personal-unlocking-and-more/ |url-status=live }}{{cite web|title=How to set up Smart Lock on Android 5.0 Lollipop|url=http://www.cnet.com/how-to/smart-lock-android-5-0-lollipop/|website=CNET|access-date=July 2, 2015|archive-date=June 29, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150629105351/http://www.cnet.com/how-to/smart-lock-android-5-0-lollipop/|url-status=live}}{{cite web |title=With Android L, Google makes pitch for enterprise users |url=http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9249381/With_Android_L_Google_makes_pitch_for_enterprise_users_ |website=Computerworld |date=June 25, 2014 |publisher=IDG |access-date=June 26, 2014 |archive-date=June 28, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140628025216/http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9249381/With_Android_L_Google_makes_pitch_for_enterprise_users_ |url-status=live }} Lollipop was, additionally, to have device encryption enabled by default on all capable devices; however, due to performance issues, this change was held over to its successor, Android Marshmallow.{{cite web|title=Google makes full-disk encryption and secure boot mandatory for some Android 6.0 devices|url=http://www.itworld.com/article/2995437/google-makes-full-disk-encryption-and-secure-boot-mandatory-for-some-android-60-devices.html|website=IT World|date=October 20, 2015|publisher=IDG|access-date=October 20, 2015|archive-date=March 28, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328081113/https://www.itworld.com/article/2995437/google-makes-full-disk-encryption-and-secure-boot-mandatory-for-some-android-60-devices.html|url-status=dead}}

A developer preview of Android L, build LPV79,{{cite web |author=Cory Gunther |url=http://www.gottabemobile.com/2014/08/07/new-android-l-update-arrives-for-nexus-users/ |title=New Android L Update Arrives for Nexus Users |website=gottabemobile.com |date=August 7, 2014 |access-date=August 9, 2014 |archive-date=August 28, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140828075757/http://www.gottabemobile.com/2014/08/07/new-android-l-update-arrives-for-nexus-users/ |url-status=live }} was released for the Nexus 5 and 2013 Nexus 7 on June 26, 2014, in the form of flashable images. Source code for GPL-licensed components of the developer preview was released via Android Open Source Project (AOSP) in July 2014.{{cite web|title=Google releases Android L preview source for Nexus devices|url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/google-releases-android-l-preview-source-for-nexus-devices/|website=ZDNet|publisher=CBS Interactive|access-date=July 2, 2014|archive-date=August 7, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140807173956/http://www.zdnet.com/google-releases-android-l-preview-source-for-nexus-devices-7000031153/|url-status=live}}{{cite mailing list |url=https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/android-building/R50i6JktFtI |title=GPL projects for the l-preview release |first=Bill |last=Yi |mailing-list=android-building |date=July 2, 2014 |access-date=August 19, 2014 |archive-date=January 22, 2011 |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20110122130054/https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/android-building/R50i6JktFtI |url-status=live }} A second developer preview build, LPV81C, was released on August 7, 2014, alongside the beta version of the Google Fit platform and SDK. As with the previous build, the second developer preview build is available only for the Nexus 5 and 2013 Nexus 7.{{cite web|title=Google just released some hot new images of Android L – here's how you can get them|url=http://bgr.com/2014/08/07/google-android-l-images/|website=BGR.com|date=August 7, 2014|publisher=PMC|access-date=August 16, 2014|archive-date=August 11, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811023100/http://bgr.com/2014/08/07/google-android-l-images/|url-status=live}}

On October 15, 2014, Google officially announced that Android L would be known as Android 5.0 "Lollipop". The company also unveiled launch devices for Android{{nbsp}}5.0{{mdashb}}including Motorola's Nexus 6 and HTC's Nexus 9{{mdashb}}for release on November 3, 2014.{{cite web |url=http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2014/10/android-be-together-not-same.html |title=Android: Be together. Not the same. |publisher=Official Google Blog |date=October 15, 2014 |access-date=October 23, 2014 |archive-date=October 16, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141016211356/http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2014/10/android-be-together-not-same.html |url-status=live }} Google stated that Nexus (including the Nexus 4, 5, 7, and 10) and Google Play edition devices would receive updates to Lollipop "in the coming weeks"; one more developer preview build for Nexus devices and the new SDK revision for application developers would be released on October 17, 2014. Update schedules for third-party Android devices may vary by manufacturer.{{cite web|title=When and where to get Android 5.0 Lollipop|url=http://www.cnet.com/how-to/android-5-0-lollipop-update-list/|website=CNET|publisher=CBS Interactive|access-date=October 16, 2014|date=October 15, 2014|archive-date=October 16, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141016053323/http://www.cnet.com/how-to/android-5-0-lollipop-update-list/|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title=Updated Android Lollipop Developer Preview image coming to Nexus devices in a couple of days|url=http://www.phonearena.com/news/Updated-Android-Lollipop-Developer-Preview-image-coming-to-Nexus-devices-in-a-couple-of-days_id61780|website=PhoneArena|access-date=October 16, 2014|archive-date=October 18, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018090820/http://www.phonearena.com/news/Updated-Android-Lollipop-Developer-Preview-image-coming-to-Nexus-devices-in-a-couple-of-days_id61780|url-status=live}}

The full source code of Android{{nbsp}}5.0 was pushed to AOSP on November 3, 2014, allowing developers and OEMs to begin producing their own builds of the operating system.{{cite web|title=Android Lollipop hits AOSP; HTC sets the upgrade pace|url=http://www.slashgear.com/android-lollipop-hits-aosp-htc-sets-the-upgrade-pace-03353739/|website=SlashGear|date=November 4, 2014|access-date=December 24, 2014|archive-date=December 24, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141224083829/http://www.slashgear.com/android-lollipop-hits-aosp-htc-sets-the-upgrade-pace-03353739/|url-status=live}} On December 2, 2014, factory images for Nexus smartphones and tablets were updated to the 5.0.1 version, which introduces a few bug fixes,{{cite web|url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/google-quietly-pushes-out-android-lollipop-5-0-1-images/|title=Google quietly pushes out Android Lollipop 5.0.1 images|work=ZDNet|access-date=December 6, 2014|archive-date=December 5, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141205124356/http://www.zdnet.com/article/google-quietly-pushes-out-android-lollipop-5-0-1-images/|url-status=live}} and a serious bug that affected Nexus 4 devices and prevented the audio from working during phone calls.{{cite web|url=https://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=82949|title=Nexus 4, lollipop 5.0.1: dialer calls audio does not work|work=code.google.com|access-date=December 18, 2014|archive-date=December 31, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141231142824/https://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=82949|url-status=live}} A device-specific Lollipop 5.0.2 (LRX22G) version was released for the first-generation Nexus 7 on December 19, 2014.{{cite web|url=http://www.droid-life.com/2014/12/19/android-5-0-2-lrx22g-factory-image-for-nexus-7-wifi-randomly-shows-up/|title=Android 5.0.2 LRX22G Factory Image for Nexus 7 (WiFi) Randomly Shows Up|access-date=December 21, 2014|archive-date=December 22, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141222045212/http://www.droid-life.com/2014/12/19/android-5-0-2-lrx22g-factory-image-for-nexus-7-wifi-randomly-shows-up/|url-status=live}}

Android{{nbsp}}5.1, an updated version of Lollipop, was unveiled in February 2015 as part of the Indonesian launch of Android One, and is preloaded on Android One devices sold in Indonesia and the Philippines. Google officially announced 5.1 by releasing updates for existing devices on March 9, 2015.{{cite web |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2015/03/google-officially-announces-android-5-1/ |title=Google officially announces Android 5.1 |work=Ars Technica |date=March 9, 2015 |access-date=March 10, 2015 |archive-date=March 9, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150309221640/http://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2015/03/google-officially-announces-android-5-1/ |url-status=live }}{{cite web |url=http://officialandroid.blogspot.com/2015/03/android-51-unwrapping-new-lollipop.html |title=Official Android Blog: Android 5.1: Unwrapping a new Lollipop update |work=Official Android Blog |access-date=March 10, 2015 |archive-date=March 9, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150309233023/http://officialandroid.blogspot.com/2015/03/android-51-unwrapping-new-lollipop.html |url-status=live }}

In 2015, Amazon.com forked Lollipop to produce Fire OS 5 "Bellini" for Amazon's Fire HD-series devices.{{cite web|title=What's new in Amazon Fire OS 5 Bellini?|url=http://www.pocket-lint.com/news/135336-what-s-new-in-amazon-fire-os-5-bellini|website=Pocket-lint|date=September 17, 2015|access-date=January 28, 2016|archive-date=May 13, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513061757/http://www.pocket-lint.com/news/135336-what-s-new-in-amazon-fire-os-5-bellini|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title=Amazon's Fire HD 10 tablet a rare misfire for company|url=http://fortune.com/2015/09/29/amazon-10-tablet-review/|website=Fortune|access-date=January 28, 2016|archive-date=February 6, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160206150720/http://fortune.com/2015/09/29/amazon-10-tablet-review/|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title=Feature-stuffed Fire OS update makes Amazon's tablets even more kid-friendly|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/3011171/tablets/feature-stuffed-fire-os-update-makes-amazons-tablets-even-more-kid-friendly.html|website=PC World|access-date=January 28, 2016|archive-date=February 5, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205072350/http://www.pcworld.com/article/3011171/tablets/feature-stuffed-fire-os-update-makes-amazons-tablets-even-more-kid-friendly.html|url-status=live}}

• Android version history
• iOS 8
• Material Design
• OS X Yosemite
• Windows 8.1
• Windows Phone 8.1

{{Reflist}}

• {{commons category-inline}}
• {{Official website}}

{{Android}}

{{Google LLC}}

Category:Android (operating system) versions

Category:2014 software