Anno Dracula
{{short description|1992 novel by Kim Newman}}
{{More citations needed|date=February 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2024}}
{{Infobox book
| name = Anno Dracula
| image = Kim Newman - Anno Dracula.jpeg
| caption = First edition
| author = Kim Newman
| audio_read_by = William Gaminara
| country = United Kingdom
| language = English
| series = Anno Dracula series
| genre = Alternate history, Horror
| publisher = Simon & Schuster
| release_date = 1992
| english_release_date =
| media_type = Print (hardback and paperback)
| pages = 409 (paperback)
| isbn = 978-0-380-72345-4
| oclc = 31220886
| preceded_by =
| followed_by = The Bloody Red Baron
}}
Anno Dracula is a 1992 horror novel by British writer Kim Newman, the first in the Anno Dracula series. It is an alternate history using 19th-century English historical settings and personalities, along with characters from popular fiction.
Plot summary
The interplay between humans who have chosen to "turn" into vampires and those who are "warm" (humans) is the backdrop for the plot which tracks Jack the Ripper's politically charged destruction of vampire prostitutes. The reader is alternately and sympathetically introduced to various points of view. The main characters are Jack the Ripper, and his hunters Charles Beauregard (an agent of the Diogenes Club), and Geneviève Dieudonné, an elder French vampire (a similar version of Dieudonné appeared in Newman's trilogy of novels, written under the pseudonym Jack Yeovil, for the Warhammer Fantasy universe).
Synopsis
The novel deviates from the events of Bram Stoker's Dracula. In this world, Vlad Tepes kills Abraham Van Helsing, and an injury sustained to Dr. John Seward's hand during a fight with Renfield means Van Helsing's allies lack the strength to defeat Dracula at the crucial moment. Instead, Dracula kills Quincey Morris and Jonathan Harker and completes Mina Harker's turning into a vampire. With no one to oppose him, Dracula creates thousands of British vampires, marries{{cite news |last1=Steelman |first1=Ben |title=New Harris vamp novel reads like a soap opera |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bsgiAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA18 |access-date=21 February 2024 |publisher=Star-News |date=3 June 2007}} and turns Queen Victoria (acquiring official royal status as Prince Consort) and ushers in a period of increasing British vampire domination. Dracula is well advanced in imposing a police state in the United Kingdom, where dissenters may be jailed or impaled without trial. Many of the country's leading scientists and intellectuals who choose to stay "warm" (including Sherlock Holmes) are imprisoned in concentration camps in the rural counties. The only two survivors of Van Helsing's group are Seward, who now runs a free clinic in Whitechapel, and Arthur Holmwood, Lord Godalming, who chooses to become a vampire and is groomed as a protégé by the new Prime Minister, Lord Ruthven.
Dieudonné has come down in the world, attending sick vampires in Seward's clinic. When another prostitute is murdered, Scotland Yard's Inspector Lestrade turns to them for an opinion. Beauregard, an agent of the Diogenes Club, is tasked with hunting down the killer, dubbed "Silver Knife" by the public, until an anonymous letter is delivered identifying him as "Jack the Ripper". The victim's inquest is attended by Lestrade, Dieudonné, and Beauregard, along with Captain Kostaki (an officer in Dracula's Carpathian Guard), and Dr. Henry Jekyll. Each sets out independently, with differing agendas. Separately, Lord Ruthven tasks Lord Godalming with heading an unofficial investigation to catch the killer.
Beauregard is abducted by an old enemy, a Tong leader who calls a truce on the understanding that the London underworld also has a strong interest in Silver Knife's capture. His official duties open a rift between him and his fiancée, Penelope Churchward (a cousin of his deceased first wife). In her zeal for social climbing, Penny urges Beauregard to agree that both of them will become vampires after their marriage.
Jack the Ripper strikes twice, failing to destroy one of his victims, Elizabeth Stride, who is brought to the clinic. Attempting to heal her wounds by shapeshifting, Stride does it imperfectly, lunging at Seward in her agony before dying. The implication is lost on Dieudonné and Beauregard, none of whom know that Seward, driven insane with grief over the loss of his love, Lucy Westenra, has taken to hunting vampires on his own. His murderous activities abate, temporarily, when he becomes infatuated with another prostitute, Mary Jane Kelly, who closely resembles Lucy.
During a temporary lull in the killings, Beauregard and Dieudonné, having similar ideas, become closer, while Penny is increasingly annoyed at Beauregard's lack of attention. In her haste, she allows Godalming to turn her, but the transformation is imperfect, and Penny almost dies, before Beauregard nurses her back to health with Dieudonné's help. Repulsed by the creature Penny has become, Beauregard ends their engagement and he and Dieudonné become lovers.
Public unrest escalates, with unclear causes. An anti-vampire leader is shot, and another of the Carpathian Guard is blown up with dynamite, both perhaps by the same mysterious vampire. Captain Kostaki and Scotland Yard Inspector Mackenzie form an unlikely alliance to find the culprit, but the mysterious vampire ambushes them, killing Mackenzie and disabling Kostaki with a silver bullet to his knee. Framed for Mackenzie's murder, Kostaki is imprisoned in the Tower of London, under the control of Graf Orlok. Lord Godalming questions Kostaki in secret, believing he has identified the Ripper as Sergeant Dravot, a vampire agent of the Diogenes Club. Eager to claim the credit for himself, Godalming leaves Kostaki to be condemned for Mackenzie's death. While following Dravot, alone, Godalming is aggravated by a "chance" meeting with his old friend, Seward, not realizing until too late that Seward is the real Ripper, who believes Godalming betrayed him and Lucy by becoming a vampire.
Beauregard and Dieudonné both realize that Seward is the Ripper. They race to Whitechapel and apprehend him, but not before he has killed both Kelly and Godalming. They leave the murder scene with Seward in custody, but then encounter Dravot, who admits to acting on the Diogenes Club's orders. These orders required him to kill Mackenzie, foment the riots, and stand by as Seward butchered Mary Jane Kelly. These orders also require there to be, officially, two Rippers: Seward and Godalming were working together before they fell out and Seward killed the other. Beauregard and Dieudonné are equally disgusted. When Seward points out that Dracula will turn him into a vampire so he can be tortured for all eternity, Beauregard kills him out of mercy.
When Beauregard confronts his superiors at the Diogenes Club, he asks why he was assigned to the case at all, since Dravot did all the actual work. He is told that Dravot, a vampire, could not be given the official credit for solving the murders, and it is necessary for Beauregard to carry out the final step of the plan.
Beauregard soon understands what this means when he and Dieudonné are invited to Buckingham Palace to be officially thanked by Queen Victoria for their role in catching the Ripper. Inside the palace, the two lovers confront Count Dracula, holding the turned Victoria as a prisoner. Knowing that neither of them can defeat Dracula in direct combat, Beauregard slips Seward's silver scalpel to Victoria, allowing her to kill herself, thus depriving Dracula of his status as Prince Consort and his legal authority over Great Britain. Before the vampires can retaliate, a riot breaks loose outside the Palace – possibly orchestrated by the club – and spills inside, allowing Beauregard and Dieudonné to escape and forcing Dracula to flee the country.
Characters
{{multiple image
|perrow=4
|total_width=400
|image1=Bela Lugosi as Dracula, anonymous photograph from 1931, Universal Studios.jpg
|link1=Count Dracula
|caption1=Count Dracula
|image2= Queen Victoria by Bassano.jpg
|link2=Queen Victoria
|caption2=Queen Victoria
|image3=JacktheRipper1888.jpg
|link3=Jack the Ripper
|caption3=Jack the Ripper
|image4=Mycroft Holmes.jpg
|link4=Mycroft Holmes
|caption4=Mycroft Holmes
|footer = Some of the main characters used in Anno Dracula
|footer_align=center
}}
Newman incorporated numerous figures from popular fiction (due to the historical period, many are from works in the public domain).
= Main characters =
class="wikitable sortable" |
Character
! Creator ! Origin |
---|
Charles Beauregard
| Original |
Penelope Churchward
| Original |
Vlad Tepes, Count Dracula
| Dracula |
Daniel Dravot |
Mycroft Holmes |
Kostaki |
Inspector Lestrade |
Lord Ruthven |
Kate Reed
| Early draft of Dracula |
John Seward
| Dracula |
Arthur Holmwood
| Dracula |
Geneviève Dieudonné
| Drachenfels |
Count Vardalek
| The True Story of a Vampire |
Inspector Mackenzie |
= Minor characters =
The following characters are only mentioned, or appear only briefly in the novel.
==From literature==
class="wikitable sortable" |
Character
! Creator ! Origin |
---|
Kurt Barlow |
Brides of Dracula
| Dracula |
Sir Danvers Carew |
Thomas Carnacki |
Gunga Din |
Soames Forsyte |
Fu Manchu (referred to as 'The Celestial', 'The Doctor', and 'The Lord of Strange Deaths') |
Griffin |
Basil Hallward |
Mina Harker
| Dracula |
Sherlock Holmes |
Doctor Henry Jekyll and Edward Hyde |
Carmilla Karnstein
| Carmilla |
Lestat de Lioncourt |
Macheath |
Admiral Sir Mandeville Messervy (presumed ancestor of Admiral Sir Miles Messervy)
| Ian Fleming (derived) | Original |
Sebastian Moran |
Doctor Moreau |
Professor Moriarty |
The Murgatroyds |
Allan Quatermain |
Rupert of Hentzau |
Bill Sikes |
Sir Francis Varney |
Waverly (presumed ancestor of Alexander Waverly)
| The Man from U.N.C.L.E. (derived) |
A. J. Raffles |
Dr. Antonio Nikola
| A Bid for Fortune: or, Dr Nikola's Vendetta |
Clayton |
Lord John Roxton |
Lucy Westenra
| Dracula |
Abraham Van Helsing
| Dracula |
Renfield
| Dracula |
Jonathan Harker
| Dracula |
Quincey Morris
| Dracula |
Lulu Schon |
Chandagnac
| Drachenfels |
The Old Jago |
Ivan Dragomiloff |
Countess Geschwitz |
Melissa d'Acques
| Drachenfels |
Count Brastov |
Prince Conrad Vulkan |
Edward Weyland |
Baron Karnstein
| Carmilla |
Lady Adeline Ducayne
| Good Lady Ducayne |
Sarah Kenyon
| The Tomb of Sarah |
Ethelind Fionguala
| | Ken's Mystery |
Countess Dolingen |
The Amahagger |
Ezzelin Von Klatka AKA Azzo Von Klatka
| The Mysterious Stranger |
Madame de la Rougierre |
Clarimonde |
Martin Hewitt
| Martin Hewitt, Investigator |
Max Carrados
| Max Carrados |
Augustus Van Dusen
| The Thinking Machine |
Cotford
| Early draft of Dracula |
Mrs. Warren |
Berserker the Dog
| Dracula |
Louis Bauer |
A Wessex Cup Winner |
Mrs. Amworth
| Mrs. Amworth |
Henry Wilcox |
General Zaroff |
Hawkshaw the Detective |
Edward "Ned" Dunn Malone
| The Adventure of Grinder's Whistle |
Sweeney Todd
| Unknown but probably |
Mr. Poole |
Jacob Marley |
Caleb Croft
| The Still Life |
Fagin |
Allan Quatermain |
==From film or television==
class="wikitable sortable" |
Character
! Origin |
---|
Adam Adamant |
Baron Meinster |
Barnabas Collins |
Elder Chinese Vampire |
Prince Mamuwalde
| Blacula |
Count Orlok |
John Reid |
Count Von Krolock |
Count Yorga |
Carl Kolchak |
Don Sebastian de Villanueva |
The Wurdalak |
Lucian de Terre
| The Werewolves of London |
Count Mitterhouse |
Armand Tesla |
Count Duval |
Countess Marya Zaleska |
Asa Vajda |
Martin Cuda
| Martin |
Anthony |
Dr. Ravna |
Dr. Callistratus |
Historical people mentioned or appearing as characters
{{div col|colwidth=40em}}
- Alessandro Cagliostro
- Alexander Graham Bell
- Alexandra of Denmark
- Alexander Pedachenko
- Alfred Tennyson
- Alfred Waterhouse
- Algernon Charles Swinburne
- Anne Bonny (spelled here as "Anne Bonney")
- Annie Besant
- Annie Chapman
- Antoine Augustin Calmet
- Arnold Toynbee
- Arthur Morrison
- Arthur Sullivan
- Barbara of Cilli (here said to be one of the three Brides of Dracula)
- Beatrice Potter
- Benjamin Franklin
- Billy the Kid
- Bram Stoker (in the world of Anno Dracula it would appear he never wrote the novel "Dracula", since the characters from it are presented here as real people)
- Caligula
- Catherine Eddowes (spelled here as "Catharine" for whatever reason)
- Catherine II of Russia
- Charles Darwin
- Charles Peace
- Charles Warren
- Constance Naden
- Count of St. Germain (however, the idea that he was a vampire comes from Hotel Transylvania and its sequels by Chelsea Quinn Yarbro)
- Daniel Halse
- David Cohen
- Edward Aveling
- Edward Bouverie Pusey
- Edward Bulwer-Lytton
- Edward Carpenter
- Edward VII
- Edward Bairstow
- Eleanor Marx
- Elizabeth Báthory (her description is strongly suggestive of the 1971 German-Belgian horror film Daughters of Darkness)
- Elizabeth Garrett Anderson
- Elizabeth Stride
- Ellen Terry
- Emma Elizabeth Smith
- Eyre Massey Shaw
- Florence Stoker
- Francis Coles
- Frank Harris
- Frederick Abberline
- [http://www.jackripper.co.uk/Dr-Gordon-Brown.php Frederick Gordon Brown]
- Galileo Galilei
- George Bernard Shaw
- George Lusk
- George VI
- George Woodbridge (actor) (though born after the events of the book, he did star in Dracula (1958 film), Dracula: Prince of Darkness & Jack the Ripper (1959 film).)
- Guy Fawkes
- Henry Hyndman
- Henry Labouchère
- Henry Matthews
- Isaac Newton
- Isabella Beeton
- James McNeill Whistler
- Joan of Arc
- John Henry "Doc" Holliday
- John Keble
- John Netley
- John Pizer
- Jonathan Wild
- Joseph Barnett (Jack the Ripper suspect)
- Joseph Grimaldi
- Joseph Merrick
- Leslie Stephen
- Lewis Carroll
- Louis Diemschütz
- Marie Corelli
- Marie Manning (murderer)
- Marie Spartali Stillman
- Mark Pattison (academic)
- Martha Tabram
- Mary Ann Nichols
- Mary Jane Kelly
- Montague Druitt
- Nicolae Iorga
- Olive Schreiner
- Oscar Wilde
- Pat Garrett
- Peter Guthrie Tait
- Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale
- Queen Victoria
- Rebecca Kosminski (a possible reference to Aaron Kosminski)
- Richard Jefferies
- Robert Anderson (Scotland Yard official)
- Robert Cunninghame-Graham
- Robert Donston Stephenson (addressed as "D'Onston" here)
- Robert James Lees
- Robert Knox
- Rose Mylett (her daughter Lily also appears)
- Samuel Barnett (reformer)
- Sir Frederick Treves, 1st Baronet
- Sophia Jex-Blake
- Theodore Watts-Dunton
- Thomas Bond (British surgeon)
- Thomas Carlyle
- Thomas Edison
- Thomas Henry Huxley
- Thomas John Barnardo
- Virgil
- Vlad Tepeş (here said to be the same person as Dracula)
- W. S. Gilbert
- Walter Sickert
- William Booth
- William Gull
- William Holman Hunt (his wife Edith Waugh is also mentioned)
- William Le Queux
- William Morris
- [https://www.jack-the-ripper.org/william-thick.htm William Thick]
- William Thomas Stead
- Wynne Edwin Baxter
{{div col end}}
Critical reception
From the book cover: "The most comprehensive, brilliant, dazzlingly audacious vampire novel to date." (Locus); "A tour de fource which succeeds brilliantly." (The Times); "A marvellous marriage of political satire, melodramatic intrigue, gothic horror, and alternative history." (The Independent).
David Krugman of The Telegraph said that the book did not have several scares but also mentioned that it is well-written and well-plotted.{{cite news |last1=Krugman |first1=David |title=Dracula and other Historic Folks |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KZZKAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA41 |access-date=21 February 2024 |work=The Telegraph |date=30 October 1993}} Milo of The Guardian also noted the book's plot and its well-thought twists.{{cite news |last1=Milo |title=Anno Dracula by Kim Newman – review |url=https://www.theguardian.com/childrens-books-site/2014/feb/05/review-kim-newman-anno-dracula |access-date=21 February 2024 |work=The Guardian|location=London |date=5 February 2014}} CT Phipps of Grimdark Magazine observed the novel's atmosphere and compared its grimdark setting with the works of Alan Moore.{{cite news |last1=Phipps |first1=C. T. |title=REVIEW: Anno Dracula by Kim Newman |url=https://www.grimdarkmagazine.com/review-anno-dracula-by-kim-newman/ |access-date=21 February 2024 |work=Grimdark Magazine |date=19 May 2021}}
References
{{reflist}}
{{Dracula}}
{{Jack the Ripper media}}
Category:British alternative history novels
Category:British steampunk novels
Category:British horror novels
Category:Novels about Jack the Ripper
Category:Fiction about polygamy
Category:Cultural depictions of Elizabeth Báthory
Category:Cultural depictions of Billy the Kid
Category:Cultural depictions of Catherine the Great
Category:Cultural depictions of Joseph Merrick
Category:Cultural depictions of George Bernard Shaw
Category:Alfred, Lord Tennyson
Category:Novels depicting Queen Victoria
Category:Cultural depictions of Vlad the Impaler
Category:Cultural depictions of Orson Welles
Category:Cultural depictions of James McNeill Whistler
Category:Cultural depictions of Oscar Wilde
Category:Cultural depictions of Alessandro Cagliostro
Category:Simon & Schuster books
Category:Novels set in the 1880s