Annona montana

{{Short description|Species of tree}}

{{speciesbox

|image = Annona montana.jpg

|genus = Annona

|species = montana

| status = LC

| status_system = IUCN3.1

| status_ref = {{cite iucn |author=Verspagen, N. |author2=Erkens, R.H.J. |date=2020 |title=Annona montana |volume=2020 |page=e.T142423951A142423971 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T142423951A142423971.en |access-date=19 November 2021}}

|authority = Macfad.

|synonyms = Annona marcgravii Mart.{{GRIN | accessdate = 2008-04-18 }}

Annona muricata Vell.

Annona pisonis Mart.

Annona sphaerocarpa{{cite web

| url = http://www.tropicos.org/Name/1600684

| title = Annona montana Macfad.

| access-date = 2008-04-18

| author = W3tropicos

| author-link = Missouri Botanical Garden

| publisher = Missouri Botanical Garden Press

}}

}}

File:Annona montana, aticum - Flickr - Tarciso Leão (3).jpg

{{lang|la|Annona montana}}, the mountain soursop, is a tree and its edible fruit in the Annonaceae family native to Central America, the Amazon, and islands in the Caribbean. It has fibrous fruits.{{cite book

| last = Cassidy

| first = Frederic Gomes

| title = A Dictionary of Jamaican English

| orig-year = 1967

| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=_lmFzFgsTZYC

| year = 2002

| publisher = University of the West Indies Press

| isbn = 976-640-127-6

| chapter = Mountain Witch

| chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=_lmFzFgsTZYC&pg=PA308

}} {{lang|la|A. montana}} may be used as a rootstock for cultivated Annonas.{{cite book

| last = Llamas

| first = Kirsten Albrecht

| title = Tropical Flowering Plants: A Guide to Identification and Cultivation

| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=WxW4Scq6kU8C

| year = 2003

| publisher = University of the West Indies Press

| isbn = 0-88192-585-3

| chapter = Annonaceae

| chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=WxW4Scq6kU8C&pg=PA60

}}

Etymology and common names

The Latin specific epithet montana refers to mountains or "coming from mountains". Archibald William Smith {{google books|ahNMkgoNJ7IC|A Gardener's Handbook of Plant Names: Their Meanings and Origins|page=239}}

  • {{langx|en|mountain soursop, mountain sop, wild soursop}}
  • {{langx|cs|mountain soursop}}
  • {{langx|de|Schleimapfel}}
  • {{langx|es|guanábana cimarrona, guanábana, guanábana de loma, guanábana de monte, guanábana de perro, taragus, turagua}}
  • {{langx|fr|corossolier bâtard}}
  • {{langx|gn|araticu}}
  • {{langx|hu|hegyi annóna}}
  • {{langx|pt|araticum, araticum açú, araticum apé}}
  • {{langx|sk|anona}}{{cite web

| url = http://www.fao.org/aims/ag_intro.htm?termid=12675

| title = Thesaurus, FAO

| access-date = 2008-04-18

| author = Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

| author-link = Food and Agriculture Organization

| date = 2007-11-21

| work = AGROVOC

| publisher = United Nations

}}{{cite web

| url = http://www.bioversityinternational.org/Information_Sources/Species_Databases/New_World_Fruits_Database/qryall3.asp?intIDSpecies=96

| title = Result set for: Annonaceae Annona montana

| access-date = 2008-04-18

| author = Bioversity International

| author-link = Bioversity International

| work = New World Fruits Database

}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}

Description

The tree is similar to Annona muricata, but has a more spreading crown and glossy leaves. It is slightly hardier and bears fruit throughout the year.{{cite web

| url = http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/wild_custard_apple_ars.html

| title = Wild Custard Apple

| access-date = 2008-04-18

| last = Morton

| first = Julia F

| author-link = Purdue University

| date = 1999-04-02

| pages = 86–88

| work = New Crops

| publisher = Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University

| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080509130032/http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/wild_custard_apple_ars.html| archive-date= 9 May 2008 | url-status= live}} It tolerates brief temperature drops down to {{convert|24|F|C}} when full grown.{{cite web |title=Mountain Soursop - Annona montana |url=http://www.tradewindsfruit.com/mountain_soursop.htm |website=Trade Winds Fruit |access-date=15 February 2019}} Its pollen is shed as permanent tetrads.{{cite journal|last1=Tsou|first1=C.-H.|last2=Fu|first2=Y.-L.|title=Tetrad pollen formation in Annona (Annonaceae): proexine formation andbinding mechanism|journal=American Journal of Botany|volume=89|issue=5|year=2002|pages=734–747|issn=0002-9122|doi=10.3732/ajb.89.5.734|pmid=21665673}} The fruits are nearly round, with dark green skin covered with many short fleshy spines, and are about {{convert|15|cm|in}} long. Yellow, fibrous pulp – which is aromatic – is sour and bitter, containing many light-brown, plump seeds. There is history of its use as a traditional medicine.

Distribution

A. montana grows wild at altitudes from {{convert|0|m|ft}} to {{convert|650|m|ft}}. Its natural distribution is:

:Caribbean: West Indies

:Central America: Costa Rica, Panama

:South America: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, Brazil{{cite web |title=Annona montana |url=http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Annona+montana |website=Useful Tropical Plants |access-date=15 February 2019}}

:United States: Southern Florida

See also

References