Antimony trisulfide

{{chem2|Sb2S3}} can be prepared from the elements at temperature 500–900 °C:

:{{chem2|2 Sb + 3 S → Sb2S3}}

{{chem2|Sb2S3}} is precipitated when hydrogen sulfide is passed through an acidified solution of Sb(III).{{Holleman&Wiberg|page=765-766}} This reaction has been used as a gravimetric method for determining antimony, bubbling {{chem2|H2S}} through a solution of Sb(III) compound in hot HCl deposits an orange form of {{chem2|Sb2S3}} which turns black under the reaction conditions.A.I. Vogel, (1951), Quantitative Inorganic analysis, (2d edition), Longmans Green and Co

{{chem2|Sb2S3}} is readily oxidised, reacting vigorously with oxidising agents. It burns in air with a blue flame. It reacts with incandescence with cadmium, magnesium and zinc chlorates. Mixtures of {{chem2|Sb2S3}} and chlorates may explode.Hazardous Laboratory Chemicals Disposal Guide, Third Edition, CRC Press, 2003, Margaret-Ann Armour, {{ISBN|9781566705677}}

In the extraction of antimony from antimony ores the alkaline sulfide process is employed where {{chem2|Sb2S3}} reacts to form thioantimonate(III) salts (also called thioantimonite):{{cite journal|last1=Anderson|first1=Corby G.|title=The metallurgy of antimony|journal=Chemie der Erde - Geochemistry|volume=72|year=2012|pages=3–8|issn=0009-2819|doi=10.1016/j.chemer.2012.04.001|bibcode=2012ChEG...72....3A}}

:{{chem2|3 Na2S + Sb2S3 → 2 Na3SbS3}}

A number of salts containing different thioantimonate(III) ions can be prepared from {{chem2|Sb2S3}}. These include:Inorganic Reactions and Methods, The Formation of Bonds to Group VIB (O, S, Se, Te, Po) Elements (Part 1) (Volume 5) Ed. A.P, Hagen,1991, Wiley-VCH, {{ISBN|0-471-18658-9}}

:{{chem2|[SbS3](3−), [SbS2]−, [Sb2S5](4−), [Sb4S9](6−), [Sb4S7](2−) and [Sb8S17](10−)}}

Schlippe's salt, {{chem2|Na3SbS4*9H2O}}, a thioantimonate(V) salt is formed when {{chem2|Sb2S3}} is boiled with sulfur and sodium hydroxide. The reaction can be represented as:

:{{chem2|Sb2S3 + 3 S(2−) + 2 S → 2 [SbS4](3−)}}

The structure of the black needle-like form of {{chem2|Sb2S3}}, stibnite, consists of linked ribbons in which antimony atoms are in two different coordination environments, trigonal pyramidal and square pyramidal. Similar ribbons occur in {{chem2|Bi2S3}} and {{chem2|Sb2Se3}}.Wells A.F. (1984) Structural Inorganic Chemistry 5th edition Oxford Science Publications {{ISBN|0-19-855370-6}} The red form, metastibnite, is amorphous. Recent work suggests that there are a number of closely related temperature dependent structures of stibnite which have been termed stibnite (I) the high temperature form, identified previously, stibnite (II) and stibnite (III).Kuze S., Du Boulay D., Ishizawa N., Saiki A, Pring A.; (2004), X ray diffraction evidence for a monoclinic form of stibnite, Sb2S3, below 290K; American Mineralogist, 9(89), 1022-1025. Other paper shows that the actual coordination polyhedra of antimony are in fact {{chem2|SbS7}}, with (3+4) coordination at the M1 site and (5+2) at the M2 site.{{cln|What on this Earth is a "(3+4) coordination at the M1 site and (5+2) at the M2 site"??? What is a "(3+4) coordination" and "(5+2) coordination"??? What are "M1" and "M2 sites"??? Using jargon without clarification to non-experts in this field is unacceptable!!!|date=December 2022}} These coordinations consider the presence of secondary bonds. Some of the secondary bonds impart cohesion and are connected with packing.{{cite journal | doi=10.1007/s00269-001-0227-1 | volume=29 | issue=4 | title=Low-temperature crystal structures of stibnite implying orbital overlap of Sb 5s 2 inert pair electrons | journal=Physics and Chemistry of Minerals | pages=254–260|year = 2002|last1 = Kyono|first1 = A.| last2=Kimata | first2=M. | last3=Matsuhisa | first3=M. | last4=Miyashita | first4=Y. | last5=Okamoto | first5=K. | bibcode=2002PCM....29..254K | s2cid=95067785 }}

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{{Antimony compounds}}

{{Sulfides}}

Category:Antimony(III) compounds

Category:Sesquisulfides