Aplousobranchia
{{Short description|Order of tunicates}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = Aplousobranchia
| fossil_range =
| image = Didemnum.jpg
| image_caption = Didemnum
| taxon = Aplousobranchia
| authority = Lahille, 1887
| subdivision_ranks = Families
| subdivision = See text.
| synonyms = Krikobranchiae
}}
Aplousobranchia is an order of sea squirts in the class Ascidiacea, first described by Fernando Lahille in 1886.{{Cite web |title=WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Aplousobranchia |url=https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=103434 |access-date=2023-01-13 |website=www.marinespecies.org}}Lahille, F. (1886). [https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourceget&id=221162 Sur le classification des Tuniciers]. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris. 16: 1573-1575 They are colonial animals, and are distinguished from other sea squirts by the presence of relatively simple pharyngeal baskets. This provides the etymology of their name: in Ancient Greek, {{lang|grc|ἁ.πλοος-ους}} ({{grc-transl|ἁ.πλοος-ους}}) means "simple". The posterior part of the abdomen contains the heart and gonads, and is typically larger than in other sea squirts.
Taxonomy
- Family Clavelinidae Forbes & Hanley 1848 [Pycnoclavellidae Kott 1990]
- Clavelina Savigny 1816 [Bradiclavella Zirpolo 1925; Chondrostachys Macdonald 1858; Dendroclavella Oka 1927; Podoclavella Herdman 1890; Rhodozona Van Name 1902; Stereoclavella Herdman 1890; Synclavella Caullery 1900]
- Euclavella Kott 1990
- Nephtheis Gould 1856 [Oxycorynia Drasche 1882]
- Pycnoclavella Garstang 1891 [Archiascidia Julin 1904]
- Family Diazonidae Garstang 1891
- Diazona Savigny 1816 [Aphanibranchion Oka 1906; Syntethys Forbes & Goodsir 1851; Diagonum Troschel 1842; Diagoma Wade 1842]
- Pseudodiazona Millar 1963 [Patridium Kott 1975]
- Pseudorhopalaea Millar 1975
- Rhopalaea Philippi 1843 [Rhopalona Roule 1886; Rhopalopsis Herdman 1890]
- Tylobranchion Herdman 1886
- Family Didemnidae Giard 1872 [Diplosominae Giard 1872]
- Atriolum Kott 1983
- Clitella Kott 2001
- Coelocormus Herdman 1886
- Didemnum Savigny 1816 [Didemnoides Drasche 1883; Diplosomoides Herdman 1886 non Lahille 1890; Hypurgon Sollas 1903; Leptoclinum Milne-Edwards 1842; Sarcodidemnoides Oka & Willey 1892; Tetradidemnum Della Valle 1881]
- Diplosoma Macdonald 1859 [Arenadiplosoma Menker & Ax 1970; Astellium Giard 1872; Lioclinum Verrill 1871; Pseudodidemnum Giard 1872; Pseudodiplosoma]
- Leptoclinides Bjerkan 1905 [Askonides Kott 1962]
- Lissoclinum Verrill 1871 [Diplosomoides Lahille 1890 non Herdman 1886; Echinoclinum Van Name 1902; Polysoma Kott 1983]
- Polysyncraton Nott 1892
- Trididemnum Della Valle 1881 [Didemnoides Lahille 1890 non Drasche 1884; Didemnopsis Hartmeyer 1903]
- Family Euherdmaniidae Ritter 1904
- Euherdmania Ritter 1904 [Herdmania Ritter 1903 non Lahille 1888]
- Family Holozoidae Berrill 1950
- Colella Herdman 1886 nomen nudum {{cite web |url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=249538 |title=Colella Herdman, 1886 |website=WoRMS |access-date=17 March 2019}}
- Distaplia Della Valle 1881 [Celulophana; Holozoa Lesson 1832; Julinia Calman 1894; Leptobotrylloides Oka 1927]
- Hypsistozoa Brewin 1953
- Hypodistoma Tokioka 1967
- Neodistoma Kott 1990
- Polydistoma Kott 1990
- Protoholozoa Kott 1969
- Pseudoplacentela Sanamyan 1993
- Sycozoa Lesson 1832 [Cyathocormus Oka 1913]
- Sigillina Savigny 1816 [Atapozoa Brewin 1946; Atopozoa Brewin 1956; Hyperiodistoma Michaelsen 1930]
- Family Placentelidae Kott 1992
- Placentela Redikorzev 1913 [Homoedistoma Redikorzev 1927; Sigillinaria Oka 1933]
- Family Polycitoridae Michaelsen 1904
- Archidistoma Garstang 1891
- Brevicollus Kott 1990
- Cystodytes Drasche 1884
- Eucoelium Savigny 1816
- Eudistoma Caullery 1909 [Distoma Savigny 1816 non Retzius 1786; Paessleria Michaelsen 1909]
- Exostoma Kott 1990
- Millarus Monniot & Monniot 1988
- Polycitor Renier 1804 [Paradistoma Caullery 1909; Tetrazona Michaelsen 1930]
- Polycitorella Michaelsen 1924
- Rhombifera Peres 1956 non Barrande 1867
- Family Polyclinidae Milne-Edwards 1841 [Synoicidae]
- Aplidiopsis Lahille 1890
- Aplidium Savigny 1816 [Haploidium Agassiz 1846; Amaroecium Milne-Edwards 1841; Circinalium Giard 1872; Fragarium Giard 1872; Heterotrema Fiedler 1889; Parascidia Milne- Edwards 1841; Polyclinoides Drasche 1883; Sidnyum Savigny 1816]
- Morchellioides Herdman, 1886
- Morchellium Giard 1872
- Neodictyon Sanamyan 1988
- Polyclinella Harant 1931
- Polyclinum Savigny 1816 [Glossophorum Lahille 1816]
- Sidneioides Kesteven 1909
- Synoicum Phipps 1774 [Atopogaster Herdman 1886; Lissamaroucium Sluiter 1906; Macroclinum Verrill 1871; Polyclinopsis Gottschaldt 1894; Psammaplidium Herdman 1886; Glossoforum Lahille 1886]
- Family Protopolyclinidae Kott 1992
- Condominium Kott 1992
- Monniotus Millar 1988
- Protopolyclinum Millar 1960
- Family Pseudodistomidae Harant 1931
- Anadistoma Kott 1992
- Citorclinum Monniot & Millar 1988
- Pseudodistoma Michaelsen 1924
- Family Ritterellidae Kott 1992
- Dumus Brewin, 1952
- Pharyngodictyon Herdman 1886
- Ritterella Harant 1931
- Family Stomozoidae Kott 1990
- Stomozoa Kott 1957
- Family Vitrumidae Kott 2009
- Vitrum Kott 2009
References
{{Reflist}}
- {{cite book |author= Barnes, Robert D. |year=1982 |title= Invertebrate Zoology |publisher= Holt-Saunders International |location= Philadelphia, PA|page= 1042|isbn= 0-03-056747-5}}
{{Tunicata|E.}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q618725}}
{{Authority control}}