Apple Newton#User interface

File:Newton Lewt (2200371795).jpg memory card accessories]]

Most Newton devices were pre-loaded with a variety of software to aid in personal data organization and management. This included such applications as Notes, Names, and Dates, as well as a variety of productivity tools such as a calculator, conversion calculators (metric conversions, currency conversions, etc.), time-zone maps, etc.{{cite web|title=Revisiting the great-grandfather to the iPhone: The Apple Newton|url=https://www.techrepublic.com/blog/classics-rock/revisiting-the-great-grandfather-to-the-iphone-the-apple-newton/|website=TechRepublic|access-date=December 11, 2021|archive-date=December 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211211101201/https://www.techrepublic.com/blog/classics-rock/revisiting-the-great-grandfather-to-the-iphone-the-apple-newton/|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|title=Retro Apple: The Apple Newton MessagePad Was Well Ahead of Its Time|url=https://eshop.macsales.com/blog/64664-apple-newton-messagepad/|website=Rocket Yard|date=August 21, 2020|access-date=December 11, 2021|archive-date=March 30, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220330084908/https://eshop.macsales.com/blog/64664-apple-newton-messagepad/|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title=Newton MessagePad - 1993|url=http://oldcomputers.net/apple-newton.html|website=Old Computer Museum|access-date=December 11, 2021|archive-date=April 12, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220412010838/http://oldcomputers.net/apple-newton.html|url-status=live}} In later/2.x versions of the Newton OS these applications were refined, and new ones were added, such as the Works word processor and the Newton Internet Enabler, as well as the inclusion of bundled 3rd party applications, such as the QuickFigure Works spreadsheet (a "lite" version of Pelicanware's QuickFigure Pro), Pocket Quicken, the NetHopper web browser, and the Netstrategy EnRoute email client. Various Newton applications had full import/export capabilities with popular desktop office suite and PIM (Personal Information Manager) application file formats, primarily by making use of Apple's bundled Newton Connection Utilities and also the Newton Connection Kit, which was sold separately and only worked for Newton devices that used the 1.x versions of the Newton OS.{{cite web|title=Treading Lightly in a Sea of Hand-Held Computers|url=https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/library/cyber/week/082197handheld.html|website=New York Times|access-date=December 11, 2021|archive-date=March 30, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220330084904/https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/library/cyber/week/082197handheld.html|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title=The Apple Newton MessagePad Review|url=https://allthingsd.com/19930812/the-apple-newton-messagepad-review/|website=All Things Digital|access-date=December 11, 2021|archive-date=April 17, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220417065444/https://allthingsd.com/19930812/the-apple-newton-messagepad-review/|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title=Today in Apple history: Newton MessagePad reaches new heights|url=https://www.cultofmac.com/473067/today-apple-history-newton-messagepad-2000/|website=Cult of Mac|access-date=December 11, 2021|archive-date=March 30, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220330084904/https://www.cultofmac.com/473067/today-apple-history-newton-messagepad-2000/|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title=MessagePad 2000: New Newton Exceeds Expectations|url=https://tidbits.com/1997/05/12/messagepad-2000-new-newton-exceeds-expectations/|website=TidBITS|date=May 12, 1997|access-date=December 11, 2021|archive-date=March 30, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220330084907/https://tidbits.com/1997/05/12/messagepad-2000-new-newton-exceeds-expectations/|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title=Newton MessagePad|url=http://cf.psl.msu.edu/gallery/mp100.htm|website=Michigan State Univ. CF Research Laboratory|access-date=December 11, 2021|archive-date=March 30, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220330084908/http://cf.psl.msu.edu/gallery/mp100.htm|url-status=live}}{{cite book|author=|date=1995|title=Apple MessagePad Handbook|url=https://www.newted.org/download/manuals/0307258ANEWTONMP.PDF|publisher=Apple Computer|access-date=December 11, 2021|archive-date=April 12, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220412003841/https://www.newted.org/download/manuals/0307258ANEWTONMP.PDF|url-status=live}}

The Notes application allowed users to create small documents that could contain text that had been typed, or that had been recognized from handwriting, as well as free-hand sketches, "Shapes", and "ink text".{{cite web|title=First Look: Newton OS 2.0|url=http://www.pencomputing.com/developer/newton_20.html|website=Pen Computing|access-date=December 11, 2021|archive-date=March 30, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220330084907/http://www.pencomputing.com/developer/newton_20.html|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title=Newton MessagePad 120 (with OS 1.3 or 2.0)|url=http://cf.psl.msu.edu/gallery/mp120.htm|website=Michigan State Univ. CF Research Laboratory|access-date=December 11, 2021|archive-date=December 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211211062156/http://cf.psl.msu.edu/gallery/mp120.htm|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title=Apple Newton H1000 & MessagePad 100 – Specifications|url=http://message-pad.net/apple-newton-h1000-messagepad-100/|website=Message-Pad.net|access-date=December 11, 2021|archive-date=January 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120203210/http://message-pad.net/apple-newton-h1000-messagepad-100/|url-status=live}}

Image:Apple newton messagepad checklist jk.jpg and/or "collapsed"]] In version 2.0 of the Newton OS, the Notes application (as well as Names) could accept what Apple termed "stationery", 3rd-party created plug-in modules that could extend the functionality of the basic applications.

One of the new types of Notes stationery added to Newton OS 2.0 was a hierarchical, bullet-ed, collapsible, multi-line "Checklist", an implementation of outliner software.{{cite web|title=NEWTON MessagePads Facts and FAQs|url=http://matejhorvat.si/en/newton/nwtfaq1x.txt|access-date=December 11, 2021|archive-date=December 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211211062206/http://matejhorvat.si/en/newton/nwtfaq1x.txt|url-status=live}}{{cite book|author=|date=1995|title=New Features of the Newton 2.0 Operating System|url=https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/55991776/apple-newton-os-20-new-features-newton-os-20-new-features|publisher=Apple Computer|access-date=December 11, 2021|archive-date=March 30, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220330084904/https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/55991776/apple-newton-os-20-new-features-newton-os-20-new-features|url-status=live}} This could be used for organizing tasks, "to do" lists, sub-tasks, etc. Each bullet point could contain as many lines of text as desired. A bullet point could be dragged and placed underneath another bullet point, thus forming a hierarchical outline/tree. When a bullet point was dragged, the entire sub-tree of child bullet points underneath it (if any) would be dragged along as well. If a bullet point had child bullet points, tapping the parent's bullet point once would "roll up" all the children ("windowshade" effect). Tapping the parent bullet point again would make the children re-appear. Because this functionality arrived in Newton OS 2.0, several third parties made similar software before for OS 1.x Newton machines, the most notable of which was Dyno Notepad, released in 1993.

The Names application was used for storing contacts. Contacts created either on the Newton device or on a Windows or Macintosh desktop PIM could be synchronized to each other.{{cite magazine |title=Organized time |magazine=InfoWorld |date=18 April 1994 |volume=16 |issue=16 |page=81 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjsEAAAAMBAJ&dq=pdas&pg=PA81 |access-date=2021-12-11 |archive-date=September 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220926135217/https://books.google.com/books?id=FjsEAAAAMBAJ&dq=pdas&pg=PA81 |url-status=live }}Apple Computer. [http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=38006 "Newton Connection Utilities ReadMe"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071215144351/http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=38006 |date=December 15, 2007 }}, Apple, July 24, 1997{{Cite web |title=Newton Connection Utilities |url=http://www.oldschool.net:80/newton/papers/ncu.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060810112659/http://www.oldschool.net:80/newton/papers/ncu.html |archive-date=August 10, 2006 |publisher=Apple Computer, Inc. |via=Oldschool.net}} Entering a date in Names for fields such as birthday or anniversary automatically created corresponding repeating events in the Dates application.{{cite web|title=Today in Apple history: Newton MessagePad inspires mobile revolution|url=https://www.cultofmac.com/440737/apple-history-newton-messagepad-launch/|website=Cult of Mac|access-date=December 11, 2021|archive-date=December 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211211063721/https://www.cultofmac.com/440737/apple-history-newton-messagepad-launch/|url-status=live}} Each contact had an attached free-form notes field available to it, that could contain any mix of interleaved text, ink text, Shapes, or Sketches. Like Notes, Names could be extended by developers, to create special new categories of contacts with specialized pre-defined fields. Names shipped with three types of contacts, "people", "companies", and "groups", but a developer could define new types, for instance "client", "patient", etc. [http://standalone.com/ Stand Alone Software, Inc.] also created a Newton software package called the Stationery Construction Kit, which allowed users to make stationery themselves without aid of any other tools.{{cite web|title=Stationery Construction Kit|url=http://standalone.com/products/sck.html|website=Stand Alone, Inc.|date=Jan 19, 1998|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19980119100219/http://standalone.com/products/sck.html|access-date=Dec 11, 2021|archive-date=January 19, 1998}}

Dates supplied calendar, events, meeting, and alarms functions, including an integrated "to do" list manager. It offered many different display and navigation styles, including a list view, graphical day "time blocking" view, or a week, month, or year grid. As with Names and Notes, Dates items created either on the Newton or on a Windows or Macintosh desktop PIM could be synchronized to each other.

File:Newton MessagePad 120 opened.JPG

File:Applenewton emate300.jpg

File:Apple Newton.jpg

From Apple:

• MessagePad (also known as the H1000, OMP or Original MessagePad)
• MessagePad 100 (same hardware as OMP, but newer system version)
• MessagePad 110
• MessagePad 120
• MessagePad 130
• eMate 300
• MessagePad 2000
• MessagePad 2100

From Motorola:

• Motorola Marco

From Sharp:

• Sharp ExpertPad PI-7000 (equivalent to OMP)
• Sharp ExpertPad PI-7100 (equivalent to MP 100){{cite web|last1=Luckie|first1=Douglas|title=Sharp's Newton ExpertPad|url=https://www.msu.edu/~luckie/gallery/epad.htm|work=Luckie's Homepage|publisher=Michigan State University|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990129071045/http://www.msu.edu/%7Eluckie/gallery/epad.htm|archive-date=1999-01-29}}

From Digital Ocean:

• Tarpon{{cite news|last1=Quinlan|first1=Tom|title=Newton-based PDA announced|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nToEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA39|access-date=18 July 2015|work=InfoWorld|issue=2|publisher=InfoWorld Media Group, Inc.|date=9 January 1995|volume=17|archive-date=March 25, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210325095402/https://books.google.com/books?id=nToEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA39|url-status=live}}
• Seahorse{{cite web|last1=Ortiz|first1=Kedesh|title=Back before iPhones and Androids, we had these...|url=http://www.hypeorlando.com/tech-under-the-sun/2014/03/11/the-history-of-the-first-smarphones/|website=Tech Under The Sun|access-date=18 July 2015|archive-date=April 19, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419162737/http://www.hypeorlando.com/tech-under-the-sun/2014/03/11/the-history-of-the-first-smarphones/|url-status=live}}

From Siemens:

• Siemens Note Phone{{cite web |last=Hohl |first=Fritz |date=August 16, 2013 |title=Siemens NotePhone |url=https://randoc.wordpress.com/2013/08/16/siemens-notephone/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200411105529/https://randoc.wordpress.com/2013/08/16/siemens-notephone/ |archive-date=April 11, 2020 |access-date=2020-04-11 |website=Rare & Old Computers}}{{Cite journal |last=Lee |first=Yvonne L. |date=1993-12-13 |title=Third-party vendors to offer Newton hardware |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IjsEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA10 |journal=InfoWorld |pages=10}}{{Cite web |title=Siemens Newton NotePhone |url=https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/object/nmah_1191463 |access-date=2024-12-19 |website=National Museum of American History}}

From Harris:

• Harris SuperTech 2000{{cite news|last1=Schmidt|first1=Tim|title=Discord in hardwareland|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cw4EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA47|access-date=18 July 2015|work=Network World|issue=8|publisher=IDG Network World Inc|date=19 February 1996|volume=13|archive-date=April 11, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220411135628/https://books.google.com/books?id=cw4EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA47|url-status=live}}

NewtonScript is an advanced object-oriented programming language, developed by Apple employee Walter Smith.{{cite web|url=http://waltersmith.us/|title=Walter Smith, software guy|work=waltersmith.us|access-date=November 10, 2015|archive-date=November 2, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111102135527/http://waltersmith.us/|url-status=dead}} Some programmers{{who|date=November 2023}} complained about the $1000 cost of the Toolbox programming environment. Additionally, it required learning a new way of programming.{{Clarify|date=November 2023|reason=Impressively vague. If this means anything at all, can we please clarify what that might be?}}

Newton OS had a file system, Soup, that enabled flexible ways of storing and retrieving data.{{Cite book |last=Smith |first=Walter R. |chapter=The Newton application architecture |date=1994 |title=Proceedings of COMPCON '94 |chapter-url=https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=a35f0ff04c461f13d6f20422da3bdf8432e31700 |publisher=IEEE |pages=156–161 |doi=10.1109/CMPCON.1994.282931 |isbn=978-0-8186-5380-3}}

{{Clear}}

File:Apple Newton ASIC.jpg

File:Apple Newton PCB.jpg

The Newton project was a personal digital assistant platform. The PDA category did not exist for most of Newton's genesis, and the phrase "personal digital assistant" was coined relatively late in the development cycle by Apple's CEO John Sculley, the driving force behind the project. Larry Tesler determined that an advanced, low-power processor was needed for sophisticated graphics manipulation. He found Hermann Hauser, co-founder of Acorn Computers which had developed the Acorn RISC Machine as first ARM architecture device, and put together Advanced RISC Machines, now Arm Ltd.{{cite web |author=Kuehl Julie |author2=Martellaro, John |author3=Greelish, David |date=January 13, 2012 |title=John Sculley: The Truth About Me, Apple, and Steve Jobs Part 2 |url=http://www.macobserver.com/tmo/article/john_sculley_the_full_transcript_part2/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220330084903/http://www.macobserver.com/tmo/article/john_sculley_the_full_transcript_part2/ |archive-date=March 30, 2022 |access-date=January 20, 2012 |work=The Mac Observer |quote=[...] Larry [Tesler] realized that if you're going to do very sophisticated graphics manipulation on a handheld product, that no processor existed at that time that was both powerful and low powered enough to be able to even attempt that. Larry Tesler found a man in the UK named Hermann Hauser who had founded the Acorn computer company. [...] a new company that we had to put together that was 47 percent owned by Apple, it was 47 percent owned by Olivetti, a name from the past, and the rest of it was owned by Hermann Hauser. And this company we called ARM.}}

A smaller device was then designed by Jonathan Ive.{{cite journal |date=September 25, 2006 |title=Who Is Jonathan Ive? An in-depth look at the man behind Apple's design magic |url=http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/06_39/b4002414.htm |url-status=dead |journal=BusinessWeek |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081221080506/http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/06_39/b4002414.htm |archive-date=December 21, 2008 |access-date=December 11, 2008}}{{cite journal |year=2000 |title=Cyber Elite: Jonathan Ive |url=http://www.time.com/time/digital/cyberelite/44.html |url-status=dead |journal=Time Digital |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000819145006/http://www.time.com/time/digital/cyberelite/44.html |archive-date=August 19, 2000}}

Although PDAs had been developing since the original Psion Organiser in 1984,{{cite web |title=PDA |url=http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/aSGuest22971-219207-pda-enter-tags-rohith-girish-shyamprasad-entertainment-ppt-powerpoint/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303191622/http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/aSGuest22971-219207-pda-enter-tags-rohith-girish-shyamprasad-entertainment-ppt-powerpoint/ |archive-date=March 3, 2016 |access-date=November 10, 2015 |work=authorSTREAM}}[http://www.bloggersbase.com/gadgets-and-Mobile/history-of-pdas-part-1/ History of PDAs blog] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708015619/http://www.bloggersbase.com/gadgets-and-Mobile/history-of-pdas-part-1/|date=July 8, 2011}} the Newton has left one particular lasting impression: the term personal digital assistant was coined to refer to the Newton.

According to former Apple CEO John Sculley, the company invested approximately $100 million to develop Newton.{{cite web |last=Kawamoto |first=Dawn |date=October 2, 2003 |title=Riding the next technology wave |url=http://news.cnet.com/2008-7351-5085423.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205201219/http://news.cnet.com/2008-7351-5085423.html |archive-date=February 5, 2012 |access-date=June 15, 2012 |work=Newsmaker |publisher=CNET}}

The Newton was considered innovative at its debut, but it suffered from its high price and problems with the handwriting recognition element, its most anticipated feature. The handwriting software was not ready by 1993 and its tendency to misread characters was widely derided in the media. This was parodied in The Simpsons episode "Lisa on Ice", where a scene makes fun of the Newton's handwriting recognition turning "Beat up Martin" into "Eat up Martha".{{cite news |last=Hide |first=Nick |date=September 23, 2013 |title=The Simpsons' 'Eat Up Martha' was the first autocorrect fail |url=https://www.cnet.com/news/the-simpsons-eat-up-martha-was-the-first-autocorrect-fail/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190807020209/https://www.cnet.com/news/the-simpsons-eat-up-martha-was-the-first-autocorrect-fail/ |archive-date=August 7, 2019 |access-date=August 6, 2019 |publisher=CNET}} Garry Trudeau also mocked the Newton in a weeklong arc of his comic strip Doonesbury, portraying it as a costly toy that served the same function as a cheap notepad, and using its accuracy problems to humorous effect. In one panel, Michael Doonesbury's Newton misreads the words "Catching on?" as "Egg Freckles", a phrase that became widely repeated as symbolic of the Newton's problems. This phrase was subsequently included as a trigger for an Easter egg in later editions of the MessagePad, producing a panel from the strip when it was entered on the device. In acknowledgement of the strip, Apple subsequently gifted a MessagePad to Trudeau.{{cite news |last=Markoff |first=John |date=December 18, 1995 |title=Doonesbury' and Apple Hatch a Comic Surprise |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/12/18/business/doonesbury-and-apple-hatch-a-comic-surprise.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120713053040/http://www.nytimes.com/1995/12/18/business/doonesbury-and-apple-hatch-a-comic-surprise.html |archive-date=July 13, 2012 |access-date=June 15, 2012 |newspaper=New York Times}}

Although the software improved substantially in Newton OS 2.0, it was not enough to inspire strong sales.{{cite book |last1=Evans |first1=David S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5Wx6-uv-DSkC&q=Newton&pg=PA397 |title=Invisible Engines: How Software Platforms Drive Innovation and Transform Industries |last2=Hagiu |first2=Andrei |last3=Schmalensee |first3=Richard |publisher=MIT Press |year=2008 |isbn=978-0262262644 |pages=159–161 |access-date=October 14, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220926135216/https://books.google.com/books?id=5Wx6-uv-DSkC&q=Newton&pg=PA397 |archive-date=September 26, 2022 |url-status=live}}

The Newton became popular in some industries, notably the medical field. However, the debut of the competing Palm Pilot substantially reduced its market share. Apple struggled to find a new direction for the Newton, and when Steve Jobs returned to the company in 1997, he killed the product line. He was critical of the device's weak performance, the management of the development team, and the stylus, which he disliked as it prevented the use of the fingers. Furthermore, with Apple already suffering heavy losses which jeopardized its survival, this made the unprofitable Newton a tempting target to axe. Jobs was likely also motivated by the fact that the Newton was the pet project of his old adversary John Sculley. However, Jobs saw potential in the technology and concept, if not the execution, and eventually led Apple to create its multi-touch devices inspired by FingerWorks, the iPhone and iPad.

{{plain image with caption|Newton, Inc. logo.svg|caption=Logo of Newton, Inc.|upright=0.75}}

Before the Newton project was canceled, it was spun off into an Apple wholly owned subsidiary company, Newton, Inc.{{Cite web|title=Today in Apple history: Newton spins off as its own company|url=https://www.cultofmac.com/482679/today-apple-history-newton-spins-off-company/|website=Cult of Mac|date=2020-05-22|access-date=2021-01-19|language=en-US|first=Luke|last=Dormehl|archive-date=January 29, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210129192435/https://www.cultofmac.com/482679/today-apple-history-newton-spins-off-company/|url-status=live}}{{cite web |title=Newton, Inc Unveils New Corporate Identity and Headquarters |website=newton.apple.com |date=1997-08-06 |url=http://www.newton.apple.com/press_releases/19970806branding_newloc.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19980204044151/http://www.newton.apple.com/press_releases/19970806branding_newloc.html |archive-date=1998-02-04 |url-status=dead}}

Speculation continued for several years that Apple might release a new PDA with some Newton technology or collaborate with Palm. Feeding a bit of speculation, Apple put the "Print Recognizer" part of the Newton 2.1 handwriting recognition system into Mac OS X 10.2 Jaguar. It can be used with graphics tablets to seamlessly input handwritten printed text anywhere there was an insertion point on the screen. This technology, known as "Inkwell", appears in the System Preferences whenever a tablet input device is plugged in. Larry Yaeger was the author of the original Rosetta recognizer on the Newton, and was also responsible for porting it to Mac OS X.[http://wwnc.newtontalk.net/2004/program/larryyaeger/slides-larryyaeger.pdf Handwriting Recognition Technology in the Newton's Second Generation "Print Recognizer" (The One That Worked)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080903111830/http://wwnc.newtontalk.net/2004/program/larryyaeger/slides-larryyaeger.pdf |date=September 3, 2008 }}, By Larry Yaeger{{Snd}} Apple Computer, World Wide Newton Conference, September 4–5, 2004, Slides Patent applications were issued for a tablet based Macintosh.{{Cite web |title=Appleinsider, Euro filing reveals Apple handheld design images, August 13, 2004 |url=http://www.appleinsider.com/article.php?id=600 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061018023838/http://www.appleinsider.com/article.php?id=600 |archive-date=October 18, 2006 |access-date=December 11, 2008}} At an All Things Digital conference in 2004, Steve Jobs made reference to a new "Apple PDA" which the company had developed but had decided not to bring to market.[http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/04/06/07/jobs_apple_developed_but_did_not_ship_apple_pda.html Jobs: Apple developed, but did not ship Apple PDA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081229032006/http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/04/06/07/jobs_apple_developed_but_did_not_ship_apple_pda.html |date=December 29, 2008 }}, By Kasper Jade, June 7, 2004, AppleInsider

In September 2009, Michael Tchao, who pitched the original Newton concept to John Sculley,{{Cite magazine |last=Honan |first=Mat |title=Remembering the Apple Newton's Prophetic Failure and Lasting Impact |url=https://www.wired.com/2013/08/remembering-the-apple-newtons-prophetic-failure-and-lasting-ideals/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112015207/https://www.wired.com/2013/08/remembering-the-apple-newtons-prophetic-failure-and-lasting-ideals/ |archive-date=November 12, 2021 |access-date=2023-08-11 |magazine=Wired |language=en-US |issn=1059-1028}} returned to Apple.{{cite web |last=Stone |first=Brad |date=September 28, 2009 |title=Apple Rehires a Developer of Its Newton Tablet |url=http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/09/28/apple-rehires-newton-and-nike-marketing-whiz/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120518221827/http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/09/28/apple-rehires-newton-and-nike-marketing-whiz/ |archive-date=May 18, 2012 |access-date=June 15, 2012 |work=Bits |publisher=New York Times}} Michael Tchao is now the VP of iPad Product Marketing.{{cite web |title=Secret Apple Execs You've Never Heard Of |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/apple-execs-2011-6?op=1#dan-riccio-is-vp-of-the-ipad-division-4 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804111319/https://www.businessinsider.com/apple-execs-2011-6?op=1#dan-riccio-is-vp-of-the-ipad-division-4 |archive-date=August 4, 2020 |access-date=21 April 2020 |website=Business Insider}}

Since 2004, the Einstein Project{{cite web|url=https://code.google.com/p/einstein/|title=pguyot/Einstein|work=GitHub|access-date=November 10, 2015|archive-date=March 12, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150312204242/https://code.google.com/p/einstein/|url-status=live}} has been working on emulating the Newton for use as an alternative OS on other platforms. It is currently available for the Sharp Zaurus, Apple's Mac OS X, Nokia Maemo, Microsoft Windows, and the Pepper Pad 3. The emulator is an open source project, but requires an original Newton ROM to be installed in order to function. iPhones and iPads run Einstein since September 2010. The Android operating system runs Einstein since March 2011.[http://myapplenewton.blogspot.com/2011/03/apple-newton-on-android.html Apple Newton on Android] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190428121357/http://myapplenewton.blogspot.com/2011/03/apple-newton-on-android.html |date=April 28, 2019 }}, March 13, 2011, My Apple NewtonFile:Apple_Newton_and_iPhone.jpg from 2007 running iOS]]

Programs have been written for the Newton since its cancellation,{{Cite web|title = United Network of Newton Archives|url = http://www.unna.org/recent/|website = www.unna.org|access-date = 2015-11-25|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20051023130015/http://www.unna.org/recent/|archive-date = October 23, 2005|url-status = dead}} including an RSS reader.{{Cite web|title = 40Hz|url = http://40hz.org/Pages/40Hz|website = 40hz.org|access-date = 2015-11-25|archive-date = November 25, 2015|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151125105115/http://40hz.org/Pages/40Hz|url-status = live}}

The Apple Newton and its poor handwriting recognition was lampooned on the episode of The Simpsons titled "Lisa on Ice" in 1994.{{cite news |last1=Evon |first1=Dan |title=Did 'The Simpsons' Predict Autocorrect? |url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/simpsons-predict-autocorrect/?collection-id=210994 |access-date=March 26, 2021 |work=Snopes.com |date=September 26, 2019 |archive-date=October 19, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019185612/https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/simpsons-predict-autocorrect/?collection-id=210994 |url-status=live }}

In the 1995 anime series Neon Genesis Evangelion, handheld devices modeled on the Newton can be seen multiple times, serving various internal functions within NERV.{{cite web |last1=King |first1=Madison |title=tweet |url=https://twitter.com/MVictoriaKing/status/1392611449810399237 |website=Twitter |access-date=17 May 2021 |language=en |archive-date=May 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512224448/https://twitter.com/MVictoriaKing/status/1392611449810399237 |url-status=live }}{{better source needed |reason=user generated content |date=February 2022}}

In the 1995 film Under Siege 2: Dark Territory, the main character Casey Ryback (Steven Seagal) connects an Apple Newton PDA to the telephone network of the hijacked train on which the film is set, and sends a fax to his workplace, which is then forwarded to Admiral Bates, Ryback's contact at the Pentagon. The hijackers subsequently discover and hack the Newton, thus learning of Ryback's presence on the train.{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S8en3TIqmeQC&dq=apple+newton+in+Under+Siege+2:+Dark+Territory&pg=PA242|publisher=Citadel Press|via=Google Books|author=Molinari, Matteo; Kamm, Jim|title=Oops! Movie Mistakes That Made the Cut|language=en-US|url-status=live|page=242|isbn=9780806523194|date=April 1, 2002|access-date=May 16, 2022|archivedate=May 16, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516175105/https://www.google.com/books/edition/Oops/S8en3TIqmeQC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=apple+newton+in+Under+Siege+2%3A+Dark+Territory&pg=PA242&printsec=frontcover}}{{cite web|author=Ebert, Roger|url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/under-siege-2-dark-territory-1995|title=Under Siege 2: Dark Territory|publisher=RogerEbert.com|language=en-US|url-status=live|date=July 17, 1995|access-date=May 16, 2022|archivedate=June 18, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130618132134/https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/under-siege-2-dark-territory-1995}}

In the 1998 interactive video game The X-Files Game, the main character uses an Apple Newton to make notes, read e-mail and navigate the different locations of the game.{{cite web |title=Computer X-Files: The game is out there |website=CNN |url=http://edition.cnn.com/TECH/computing/9806/19/xfiles.game/ |access-date=February 19, 2021 |archive-date=April 11, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220411141111/http://edition.cnn.com/TECH/computing/9806/19/xfiles.game/ |url-status=dead }}

During Apple's March 21, 2016, keynote conference, a celebration video called "40 Years in 40 Seconds" was unveiled. The video featured flashing text of names from Apple's most notable products and taglines in their forty-year history, including Newton. However, in Newton's case, it was the only name depicted in the video being explicitly scratched out, mimicking how users deleted text on the device, and referencing the full cancellation of the product line.Hackett, Stephen (March 22, 2016) [https://512pixels.net/2016/03/0-years-in-40-s/ Apple’s ’40 Years in 40 Seconds’ Video Annotated ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220330084914/https://512pixels.net/2016/03/0-years-in-40-s/ |date=March 30, 2022 }} 512 Pixels (blog). Retrieved 2019-10-11

In the TV series For All Mankind season 3, episode 1, an alternative 1992 history Newton MessagePad with backlit (possibly color) display is shown at a briefing scene.{{cite web |title=For All Mankind |website=Apple |date=November 2019 |url=https://tv.apple.com/de/show/for-all-mankind/umc.cmc.6wsi780sz5tdbqcf11k76mkp7 |access-date=June 18, 2022 |archive-date=June 13, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220613213647/https://tv.apple.com/de/show/for-all-mankind/umc.cmc.6wsi780sz5tdbqcf11k76mkp7 |url-status=live }}

• iPhone
• iPad

{{Reflist|30em}}

{{Commons}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20080724074742/http://newton.vyx.net/documentation/COMPCON-Arch.pdf The Newton Application Architecture]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20080528081216/http://newton.tek-ed.com/NewtonToolKit_win/NTK/Winntk16.pdf Newton Tool Kit (NTK) Integrated Development Environment Manual]
• [http://beepdf.com/doc/122155/newton_archi.html The Newton Application Architecture]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20081014160506/http://home.satx.rr.com/dumbstart/tutorial/tutorial1.htm A quick introduction to programming in NewtonScript using NTK]
• [http://www.newted.org/download/manuals/NewtonScriptProgramLanguage.pdf The NewtonScript Programming Language (Apple Manual).]
• [http://www.newted.org/download/manuals/NewtonProgrammerGuide20.pdf Newton Programmer's Guide, OS 2.0]
• [http://www.newted.org/download/manuals/NewtonProgrammerGuide21Add.pdf Newton Programmer's Guide, OS 2.1 Addendum]
• [http://www.newted.org/download/manuals/NewtonProgrammerRef20.pdf Newton Programmer's Reference, OS 2.0]
• [http://www.newted.org/download/manuals/NewtonOS21EngDoc.pdf Newton OS 2.1 Engineering Documents]
• [http://waltersmith.us/wp-content/uploads/2005/12/OOPSLA95.pdf Explanation of NewtonScript Prototyping] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080903111832/http://waltersmith.us/wp-content/uploads/2005/12/OOPSLA95.pdf |date=September 3, 2008 }}
• [http://www.newted.org/download/manuals/Newton20UIGuide.pdf Newton User Interface Specification Guide]

• [http://ruetersward.com/pens/penhist.html Notes on the (relatively unknown) History of Pen-based Computing]
• {{YouTube|4xnqKdWMa_8|Notes on the History of Pen-based Computing}}
• [http://ruetersward.com/biblio.html Annotated Bibliography in Pen Computing]

{{Apple hardware before 1998}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Apple Inc. personal digital assistants

Category:Handwriting recognition

Category:Personal digital assistant software

Category:Computer-related introductions in 1993

Category:Products introduced in 1993

Category:Products and services discontinued in 1998

Category:Discontinued Apple Inc. products