Apt, Vaucluse

Apt lies north of Aix-en-Provence and the river Durance, in the valley of the river Calavon, (also called the Coulon), and at the foot of the north-facing slopes of the Luberon mountain.

Apt has a hot-summer mediterranean climate using the Köppen climate classification, with its relatively high rainfall bordering closely on a humid subtropical climate. On average, Apt experiences 68.6 days per year with a minimum temperature below {{convert|0|C|F|1}}, 1.0 days per year with a minimum temperature below {{convert|-10|C|F|1}}, 0.5 days per year with a maximum temperature below {{convert|0|C|F|1}}, and 57.7 days per year with a maximum temperature above {{convert|30|C|F|1}}. The record high temperature was {{convert|43.9|C|F|1}} on June 28, 2019, while the record low temperature was {{convert|-14.9|C|F|1}} on February 12, 2012.

{{Weather box

|location = Apt (1991–2020 normals, extremes 2007–present)

|single line = Yes

|metric first = Yes

|Jan record high C = 19.9

|Feb record high C = 23.1

|Mar record high C = 26.2

|Apr record high C = 28.4

|May record high C = 34.0

|Jun record high C = 43.9

|Jul record high C = 39.0

|Aug record high C = 40.0

|Sep record high C = 36.1

|Oct record high C = 29.8

|Nov record high C = 23.2

|Dec record high C = 19.3

|Jan avg record high C =

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|Jan high C = 10.4

|Feb high C = 11.9

|Mar high C = 15.9

|Apr high C = 19.8

|May high C = 23.4

|Jun high C = 28.2

|Jul high C = 31.3

|Aug high C = 31.0

|Sep high C = 26.2

|Oct high C = 20.7

|Nov high C = 14.8

|Dec high C = 11.1

|year high C =

|Jan mean C = 5.2

|Feb mean C = 5.7

|Mar mean C = 9.1

|Apr mean C = 12.8

|May mean C = 16.3

|Jun mean C = 20.6

|Jul mean C = 23.1

|Aug mean C = 22.8

|Sep mean C = 18.8

|Oct mean C = 14.6

|Nov mean C = 9.6

|Dec mean C = 5.9

|year mean C =

|Jan low C = -0.1

|Feb low C = -0.5

|Mar low C = 2.4

|Apr low C = 5.8

|May low C = 9.2

|Jun low C = 12.9

|Jul low C = 15.0

|Aug low C = 14.5

|Sep low C = 11.4

|Oct low C = 8.4

|Nov low C = 4.3

|Dec low C = 0.7

|year low C =

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|Jan record low C = -11.5

|Feb record low C = -14.9

|Mar record low C = -6.7

|Apr record low C = -5.3

|May record low C = 0.1

|Jun record low C = 5.6

|Jul record low C = 6.6

|Aug record low C = 6.5

|Sep record low C = 1.9

|Oct record low C = -3.8

|Nov record low C = -10.0

|Dec record low C = -10.1

|precipitation colour = green

|Jan precipitation mm = 57.5

|Feb precipitation mm = 44.4

|Mar precipitation mm = 49.3

|Apr precipitation mm = 62.1

|May precipitation mm = 67.9

|Jun precipitation mm = 48.3

|Jul precipitation mm = 21.7

|Aug precipitation mm = 31.6

|Sep precipitation mm = 60.0

|Oct precipitation mm = 97.2

|Nov precipitation mm = 117.5

|Dec precipitation mm = 65.4

|year precipitation mm =

|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm

|Jan precipitation days = 6.4

|Feb precipitation days = 6.0

|Mar precipitation days = 6.4

|Apr precipitation days = 6.6

|May precipitation days = 6.8

|Jun precipitation days = 4.9

|Jul precipitation days = 2.4

|Aug precipitation days = 3.4

|Sep precipitation days = 4.5

|Oct precipitation days = 5.7

|Nov precipitation days = 8.0

|Dec precipitation days = 6.5

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|source 1 = Meteociel

{{cite web

|url = https://www.meteociel.fr/obs/clim/normales_records.php?code=84003003

|publisher = Meteociel.fr

|title = 1991–2020 Normals and Records – Station: Apt

|access-date = September 6, 2023

}}

}}

Apt is the etymological source of the Aptian, an age in the geologic timescale, a subdivision of the Early or Lower Cretaceous epoch or series and encompasses the time from 125.0 ± 1.0 Ma to 112.0 ± 1.0 Ma (million years ago), approximately.Gradstein et al. (2004) The original type locality is in the vicinity of Apt. The Aptian was introduced in scientific literature by French palaeontologist Alcide d'Orbigny in 1840.

Apt was at one time the chief town of the Vulgientes, a Gallic tribe; it was destroyed by the Romans about 125 BC and restored by Julius Caesar, who conferred upon it the title Apta Julia; it was much injured by the Lombards and the Saracens, but its fortifications were rebuilt by the counts of Provence.{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Apt|volume=2|page=232}}

A traditional tale attributes the foundation of the bishopric of Apt to a saint named Auspicus, whom Pope Clement I sent and who died a martyr in 102; but the first documented evidence of its existence is in the acts of the Synod of Arles of 314, at which Apt was represented by a priest and an exorcist. Early 5th-century bishop Saint Castor of Apt is mentioned in contemporary liturgical documents and in a 419 letter of Pope Boniface I. The diocese appears in documents of the same century as a suffragan of Aix. As a result of the concordat of 15 July 1801 between Pope Pius VII and Napoleon Bonaparte, the territory of the diocese was incorporated by the bull Qui Christi Domini of 29 November of the same year mainly into the archdiocese of Avignon, with some parishes going instead to the diocese of Digne.Joseph Hyacinthe Albanès, [https://archive.org/stream/galliachristiana01albauoft#page/n101/mode/2up Gallia christiana novissima], Tomo I, Montbéliard 1899, coll. 173-304Louis Duchesne, [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k107955h/f290.image Fastes épiscopaux de l'ancienne Gaule], vol. I, Paris 1907, pp. 281–283Elzéar Boze, [https://books.google.com/books?id=dgBH8XQJodsC Histoire de l'église d'Apt], Apt 1820[https://books.google.com/books?id=9Jd6UdDs2aoC&pg=PA245 Bull Qui Christi Domini], in Bullarii romani continuatio, Vol. XI, Rome 1845, pp. 245–249 No longer a residential bishopric, Apta (as it is called in Latin) is today listed by the Catholic Church as a titular see.Annuario Pontificio 2013 (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013 {{ISBN|978-88-209-9070-1}}), p. 836

Important manuscripts were found in Apt concerning music in the 12th/13th centuries. They are known as the Apt Manuscript and the Ivrea Codex. They contain motets and mass movements, all of which are polyphonic. Nine out of fourteen Motets by Philippe de Vitry are recorded in the Ivrea Codex, a compilation of eighty-one compositions dating to 1360. It is purported to have been derived from the repertoire used in the Papal Palace at Avignon, since it is so close and offers a sampling of music from the Ars Nova movement.

According to documentation, Jews lived in Apt as early as the second half of the 14th century. The earliest documentation of Jews in Apt is dated back to the second half of the 13th century, describing the prohibition of meat selling by Jews to Christians.{{Google books |id=VrNYAwAAQBAJ |page=288 |title=Encyclopaedia Judaica Volume 2 }}

Columbia University Library owns a twelve documents collection of notarial written money lending transactions between Jews and Christians in Apt. [https://exhibitions.cul.columbia.edu/exhibits/show/hebrew_mss/communities One of them] describes a transaction between a local Jew called Gartus Bonafossi and a Christian named Iohannes Raymundi.{{Cite web|url=https://exhibitions.cul.columbia.edu/exhibits/show/hebrew_mss/communities|title = Columbia University Libraries Online Exhibitions | the People in the Books: Hebraica and Judaica Manuscripts from Columbia University Libraries}} A synagogue was documented as soon as 1416, and around 15 Jewish families were listed by the tax register by 1420. By then, Apt became the fourth largest Jewish community of Provence. The Jewish quarter was situated by the nowadays Place du Postel, and the community itself was mentioned in the writings of the poet Isaac Gorni.

File:Hôtel de ville à Apt.JPG

The council of Apt was held on 14 May 1365 in the cathedral of that city by the archbishops and bishops of the provinces of Arles, Embrun and Aix-en-Provence, in the south of France. Twenty-eight decrees were published and eleven days of indulgence were granted to those who would visit with pious sentiments the church of the Blessed Virgin in the Diocese of Apt on the feast of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross and venerate there certain relics of the Cross.{{sfn|Shahan|1913}}

{{Historical populations

|source = INSEE[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-84003#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE

|percentages = pagr

|align = none

|graph-pos = right

|1968 |9623

|1975 |11288

|1982 |11496

|1990 |11506

|1999 |11172

|2007 |11158

|2012 |11979

|2017 |11425

}}

The chief object of interest is the church of Sainte-Anne (once the cathedral), the building of which was begun about the year 1056 on the site of a much older edifice, but not completed until the latter half of the 17th century.

The town was formerly surrounded by massive ancient walls, but these have now been for the most part replaced by boulevards; many of its streets are narrow and irregular.

Many Roman remains have been found in and near the town. A fine bridge, the Pont Julien, spanning the Coulon below the town, dates from 2 BC. Archeologists and others now believe that the Pont Julien dates much later than the 2nd century

The region is a centre for wine, honey, truffles, and fruit, much of which is converted to crystallized fruit by both industrial and handmade processes. The headquarters of Delta Plus Group is a located in the city.

{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in France}}

Apt is twinned with:{{cite web |title=Jumelage|url=http://www.apt.fr/-Jumelage-.html|website=apt.fr|publisher=Apt|language=fr|access-date=2021-04-23}}

• {{flagicon|SEN}} Bakel, Senegal
• {{flagicon|BEL}} Boussu, Belgium
• {{flagicon|ITA}} Thiene, Italy

• Côtes du Luberon AOC
• Communes of the Vaucluse department

{{reflist}}

• {{CE1913|wstitle=Council of Apt|first=Thomas Joseph|last= Shahan }}
• MANSI, Coll. Conc., XXVI, 445; MARTÈNE, Thes. nov. anecd. (1717), IV, 331-342; BOZE, Hist. de l'église d'Apt (Apt. 1820)

{{Commons category|Apt (Vaucluse)}}

{{Vaucluse communes}}

{{authority control}}

Category:Communes of Vaucluse

Category:Subprefectures in France