Argead dynasty#Family tree

{{Infobox royal house

| surname = Argeads

| native_name = Ἀργεάδαι

| estate = Macedonia

| coat of arms = Vergina Sun WIPO.svg

| type = Royal house

| parent house = Temenids (Heracleidae)

| country = Macedonia (Ancient Greece)

| caption = Vergina Sun

| titles = Basileus of Macedonia, King of Persia, King of Asia, Pharaoh of Egypt (Thirty-second Dynasty of Egypt), Hegemon of the Hellenic League, Strategos Autokrator of Greece

| final ruler = Alexander IV of Macedon

| founding year = 7th century BC

| dissolution = 310 BC

| cadet branches = Ptolemaic dynasty (?)

}}

The Argead dynasty ({{langx|el|Ἀργεάδαι|Argeádai}}), also known as the Temenid dynasty ({{langx|el|Τημενίδαι}}, Tēmenídai) was an ancient Macedonian royal house of Dorian Greek provenance.{{harvnb|Cosmopoulos|1992|p=30}}.{{harvnb|Grant|1988|p=259: "It was the descendants of these Dorians [...] who formed the upper class among the Macedonians of subsequent epochs."}} They were the founders and the ruling dynasty of the kingdom of Macedon from about 700 to 310 BC.{{harvnb|Cosmopoulos|1992|loc="TABLE 2: The Argeiad Kings" (p. 30)}}.

Their tradition, as described in ancient Greek historiography, traced their origins to Argos, of Peloponnese in Southern Greece, hence the name Argeads or Argives.[https://web.archive.org/web/20140203185108/http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/Argive?q=argive Argive], Oxford Dictionaries.{{harvnb|Hammond|1986|p=516}}: "In the early 5th century the royal house of Macedonia, the Temenidae was recognised as Macedonian by the Presidents of the Olympic Games. Their verdict considered themselves to be of Macedonian descent."{{harvnb|Howatson|Harvey|1989|p=339}}: "In historical times the royal house traced its descent from the mythical Temenus, king of Argos, who was one of the Heracleidae, and more immediately from Perdiccas I, who left Argos for Illyria, probably in the mid-seventh century BC, and from there captured the Macedonian plain and occupied the fortress of Aegae (Vergina), setting himself up as king of the Macedonians. Thus the kings were of largely Dorian Greek stock (see PHILIP (1)); they presumably spoke a form of Dorian Greek and their cultural tradition had Greek features." Initially rulers of the tribe of the same name,{{harvnb|Rogers|2004|p=316}}: "According to Strabo, 7.11 ff., the Argeadae were the tribe who were able to make themselves supreme in early Emathia, later Macedonia." by the time of Philip II they had expanded their reign further, to include under the rule of Macedonia all Upper Macedonian states. The family's most celebrated members were Philip II of Macedon and his son Alexander the Great, under whose leadership the kingdom of Macedonia gradually gained predominance throughout Greece, defeated the Achaemenid Empire and expanded as far as Egypt and India. The mythical founder of the Argead dynasty is King Caranus.{{harvnb|Green|2013|p=103}}.According to Pausanias (Description of Greece [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+9.40&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160 9.40.8–9]), Caranus set up a trophy after the Argive fashion for a victory against Cisseus: "The Macedonians say that Caranus, king of Macedonia, overcame in battle Cisseus, a chieftain in a bordering country. For his victory Caranus set up a trophy after the Argive fashion, but it is said to have been upset by a lion from Olympus, which then vanished. Caranus, they assert, realized that it was a mistaken policy to incur the undying hatred of the non-Greeks dwelling around, and so, they say, the rule was adopted that no king of Macedonia, neither Caranus himself nor any of his successors, should set up trophies, if they were ever to gain the good-will of their neighbors. This story is confirmed by the fact that Alexander set up no trophies, neither for his victory over Dareius nor for those he won in India." The Argeads claimed descent from Heracles through his great-great-grandson Temenus, also king of Argos.

Origin

{{multiple image

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| footer = Triobol of Argos (top), and a bronze coin of King Amyntas II of Macedon (bottom). The early Argead kings often copied the wolf of Argos' coins on their own coinage to highlight their supposed ancestry from this city.{{harvnb|Hoover|2011|p=161}}; {{harvnb|Hoover|2016|p=295}}.

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| image1 = Argos, Triobol, c.270-250 BC, HGC 5-670.jpg

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| image2 = Amyntas II, Bronze, c.395-393 BC, HGC 3-I-820.jpg

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The words Argead and Argive derive (via Latin Argīvus){{harvnb|Lewis|Short|1879|loc=[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aentry%3DArgivus Argīvus]}}. from the Greek {{lang|grc|Ἀργεῖος}} (Argeios meaning "of or from Argos"),{{harvnb|Liddell|Scott|1940|loc=[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D*%29argei%3Dos Ἀργεῖος]}}. which is first attested to in Homer where it was also used as a collective designation for the Greeks ({{lang|grc|"Ἀργείων Δαναῶν"}}, Argive Danaans).{{harvnb|Cartledge|2011|loc=Chapter 4: Argos, p. 23: "The Late Bronze Age in Greece is also called conventionally 'Mycenaean', as we saw in the last chapter. But it might in principle have been called 'Argive', 'Achaean', or 'Danaan', since the three names that Homer does in fact apply to Greeks collectively were 'Argives', 'Achaeans', and 'Danaans'."}}Homer. Iliad, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hom.+Il.+2.155&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0134 2.155–175], [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hom.%20Il.%204.8&lang=original 4.8]; Odyssey, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hom.%20Od.%208.578&lang=original 8.578], [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hom.+Od.+4.6&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0218 4.6]. The Argead dynasty claimed descent from the Temenids of Argos, in the Peloponnese, whose legendary ancestor was Temenus, the great-great-grandson of Heracles.

In the excavations of the royal palace at Aegae, Manolis Andronikos discovered in the "tholos" room (according to some scholars "tholos" was the throne room) a Greek inscription relating to that belief.The Greek inscription found in the tholos room of the royal palace at Aegae reads "ΗΡΑΚΛΗΙ ΠΑΤΡΩΙΩΙ" ({{harvnb|Andronikos|1994|loc=p. 38: "Η επιγραφή αυτή είναι: «ΗΡΑΚΛΗΙ ΠΑΤΡΩΙΩΙ», που σημαίνει στον «Πατρώο Ηρακλή», στον Ηρακλή δηλαδή που ήταν γενάρχης της βασιλικής οικογένειας των Μακεδόνων." [Translation: "This inscription is: «ΗΡΑΚΛΗΙ ΠΑΤΡΩΙΩΙ», which means "Father (Ancestor) Hercules", dedicated to Hercules who was the ancestor of the royal family of the Macedonians."])}} This is testified by Herodotus, in The Histories, where he mentions that three brothers of the lineage of Temenus, Gauanes, Aeropus and Perdiccas, fled from Argos to the Illyrians and then to Upper Macedonia, to a town called Lebaea, where they served the king. The latter asked them to leave his territory, believing in an omen that something great would happen to Perdiccas. The boys went to another part of Macedonia, near the garden of Midas, above which mount Bermio stands. There they made their abode and slowly formed their own kingdom.Herodotus. Histories, 8.137.

Herodotus also relates the incident of the participation of Alexander I of Macedon in the Olympic Games in 504 or 500 BC where the participation of the Macedonian king was contested by participants on the grounds that he was not Greek. The Hellanodikai, however, after examining his Argead claim confirmed that the Macedonian kings were Greeks and allowed him to participate.Herodotus. Histories, 5.22.

File:Route of Karanos to establish his own kingdom.png, Peloponnese, to Macedonia according to Herodotus.]]

Another theory supported by the Greek historian Miltiades Hatzopoulos, following the opinion of the ancient author Appian, is that the Argead dynasty actually came from Argos Orestikon.Appian. Syrian Wars, 11.10.63.{{harvnb|Hatzopoulos|2017|pp=314–324}}{{Egyptian Dynasty list}}File:House of Argos.svgAccording to Thucydides, in the History of the Peloponnesian War, the Argeads were originally Temenids from Argos, who descended from the highlands to Lower Macedonia, expelled the Pierians from Pieria and acquired in Paionia a narrow strip along the river Axios extending to Pella and the sea. They also added Mygdonia in their territory through the expulsion of the Edoni, Eordians, and Almopians.Thucydides. History of the Peloponnesian War, 2.99.

History

= Succession disputes =

The death of the king almost invariably triggered dynastic disputes and often a war of succession between members of the Argead family, leading to political and economic instability.{{Cite book |last=Roisman |first=Joseph |date=2002 |title=Brill's Companion to Alexander the Great |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qn8tDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA71 |location=Leiden/Boston |publisher=Brill |pages=71–75 |isbn=9789004217553 |access-date=23 August 2020}} These included:

Six-year Macedonian interregnum (399–393 BCE), after the death of king Archelaus, between Orestes, Aeropus II, Amyntas II and Pausanias{{Cite book |last=Errington |first=Robert Malcolm |date=1990 |title=A History of Macedonia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PYgkqP_s1PQC&pg=PA28 |location=Berkeley |publisher=University of California Press |pages=28–29 |isbn=9780520063198 |access-date=23 August 2020}}
Macedonian war of succession (393–392 BCE), after the death of king Pausanias, between Amyntas III and Argaeus II{{DGRBM|author=CPM|title=Argaeus|volume=1|page=279|url=http://quod.lib.umich.edu/m/moa/acl3129.0001.001/294?page=root;size=100;view=image}}
Macedonian war of succession (369–368 BCE), after the death of king Amyntas III, between Ptolemy of Aloros and Alexander II of Macedon{{CN|date=May 2023}}
Macedonian war of succession (360–359 BCE), after the death of king Perdiccas III, between Philip II (who deposed Amyntas IV), Argeus (supported by Athens), Pausanias (supported by Thrace) and Archelaus (supported by the Chalcidian League)
Wars of the Diadochi (323–277 BCE), after the death of king Alexander the Great, between his Diadochi ("Successors")

Additionally, long-established monarchs could still face a rebellion by a relative when the former's kingship was perceived to be weak. An example was Philip's rebellion against his older brother, king Perdiccas II, in the prelude to the Peloponnesian War (433–431 BCE).

= List of rulers =

class="wikitable" align="center" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;" \| \|+Argead Rulers ! width="160px" \|Image !! align="center" width="123px" \|Reign !! width="500px" \|Monarch Name !Comments
	{{Circa\|808}}-778 BC	Karanos \|Founder of the Argead dynasty and the first king of Macedon. (Possibly Fictional)
	{{Circa\|778}}-750 BC	Koinos \|(Possibly Fictional)
	{{Circa\|750}}-700 BC	Tyrimmas \|(Possibly Fictional)
	{{Circa\|700}}-678 BC	Perdiccas I \|
	{{Circa\|678}}-640 BC	Argaeus I \|
	{{Circa\|640}}-602 BC	Philip I \|
	{{Circa\|602}}-576 BC	Aeropus I \|
	576-547 BC	Alcetas \|
	547-498 BC	Amyntas I \|Vassal of the Achaemenid Empire in 512/511 BC. Historians recognize Amyntas as the first Macedonian monarch of historical importance.
200x200px	497-454 BC	Alexander I \|Fully subordinate part of the Achaemenid Empire after 492 BC, then full Independence after 479 BC following the withdrawal of the Achaemenid army.
200x200px	454-413 BC	Perdiccas II \|
200x200px	413-399 BC	Archelaus \|
	399-396 BC	Orestes \|Ruled jointly with Aeropus II, until he was murdered by Aeropus II
200x200px	399-394/393 BC	Aeropus II \|Joint rule with Orestes until 396 BC, then sole rule
200x200px	393 BC	Amyntas II \|Very brief reign ended with his assassination by an Elimieotan nobleman named Derdas
200x200px	393 BC	Pausanias \|Assassinated by, Amyntas III in the year of his accession
200x200px	393 BC	Amyntas III (First Reign) \|
	393-392 BC	Argaeus II \|Usurped throne from Amyntas III for about a year with the aid of the Illyrians
200x200px	392-370 BC	Amyntas III (Second Reign) \|Restored to the throne after around one year
	370-368 BC	Alexander II \|Assassinated by his maternal uncle Ptolemy of Aloros
200x200px	368-359 BC	Perdiccas III \|Ptolemy of Aloros was his regent from 368-365 BC, until he was murdered by Perdiccas III
	359 BC	Amyntas IV \|Young son of Perdiccas III, throne usurped by Philip II
150x150px	359-336 BC	Philip II \|Expanded Macedonian territory and influence to achieve a dominant position in the Balkans, confederated most of the Greek city-states in the League of Corinth under his hegemony.
150x150px	336-323 BC	Alexander III the Great \|The most notable Macedonian king and one of the most celebrated kings and military strategists of all time. By the end of his reign, Alexander was simultaneously King of Macedonia, Pharaoh of Egypt and King of Persia, and had conquered the entire former Achaemenid Empire as well as parts of the western Indus Valley.
153x153px	323-317 BC	Philip III Arrhidaeus \|Half-Brother of Alexander the Great, Titular figurehead king of the Macedonian Empire, during the early Wars of the Diadochi; was mentally disabled to at least some degree. Executed by Olympias.
113x113px	323/317-309 BC	Alexander IV \|Son of Alexander the Great and Roxana of Bactria, who was yet unborn at the time of his father's death. A pretender upon his birth, from 317 BC the titular figurehead king of the Macedonian Empire, during the early-middle Wars of the Diadochi. Executed by Cassander.

Family tree

Modern historians disagree on a number of details concerning the genealogy of the Argead dynasty. Robin Lane Fox, for example, refutes Nicholas Hammond's claim that Ptolemy of Aloros was Amyntas II's son, arguing that Ptolemy was neither his son nor an Argead.Fox, Robin Lane (2011). "399–369 BC". In Fox, Robin Lane (ed.). Brill's Companion to Ancient Macedon: Studies in the Archaeology and History of Macedon, 650 BC – 300 AD. Boston: Brill. pp. 231–232. Consequently, the charts below do not account for every chronological, genealogical, and dynastic complexity. Instead, they represent one common reconstruction of the Argeads advanced by historians such as Hammond, Elizabeth Carney, and Joseph Roisman.N.G.L., Hammond; Griffith, G.T. (1979). A History of Macedonia Volume II: 550-336 B.C. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 179. ISBN 9780198148142Roisman, Joseph (2010). "Classical Macedonia to Perdiccas III". In Roisman, Joseph; Worthington, Ian (eds.). A Companion to Ancient Macedonia. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 158.{{Cite book|last=Carney |first=Elizabeth Donnelly |author-link=Elizabeth D. Carney|title=Woman and Monarchy in Macedonia |publisher=University of Oklahoma Press |year=2000 |isbn=9780806132129 |pages=250}}{{Cite journal |last=Psoma |first=Selene |date=2012 |title=Arepyros or A(u)re(lius) Pyros? |journal=Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik |volume=180 |pages=202–204}}

{{Tree chart/start|align=center|width=auto|style="margin:1em auto| summary=Boxes and lines diagram with 26 boxes}}

{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Pe1 | Pe1=Perdiccas I
{{reign|single=c. 650 BC}}| boxstyle_Pe1=border-width:3px}}

{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Arg1 | Arg1=Argaeus I
{{reign|single=c. 623 BC}}| boxstyle_Arg1=border-width:3px}}

{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Ph1 | Ph1=Philip I
{{reign|single=c. 593 BC}}| boxstyle_Ph1=border-width:3px}}

{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Ae1 | Ae1=Aeropus I
{{reign|single=c. 563 BC}}| boxstyle_Ae1=border-width:3px}}

{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Alc | Alc=Alcetas
{{reign|single=c. 533 BC}}| boxstyle_Alc=border-width:3px}}

{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Am1 | Am1=Amyntas I
{{reign||497 BC}}| boxstyle_Am1=border-width:3px}}

{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Alx1 | Alx1=Alexander I
{{reign|497|454 BC}}| boxstyle_Alx1=border-width:3px}}

{{tree chart| | | | | |,|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.}}

{{tree chart| | | | |Pe2 | | | | | | | |Men | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Amy | Pe2=Perdiccas II
{{reign|454|413 BC}}| boxstyle_Pe2=border-width:3px| Men=Menelaus| boxstyle_Men=border-width:1px| Amy=Amyntas| boxstyle_Amy=border-width:1px}}

{{tree chart| |,|-|-|-|+|~|~|~|7| | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!}}

{{tree chart|Arc | |Ae2 | |Arg2 | | | |Am2 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Arr | Arc=Archelaus
{{reign|413|399 BC}}| boxstyle_Arc=border-width:3px| Ae2=Aeropus II
{{reign|397|394 BC}}| boxstyle_Ae2=border-width:3px| Arg2=Argaeus II
{{reign|388|387 BC}}| boxstyle_Arg2=border-width:3px| Am2=Amyntas II
{{reign|single=394}}| boxstyle_Am2=border-width:3px| Arr=Arrhidaeus| boxstyle_Arr=border-width:1px}}

{{tree chart| |!| | | |!| | | | | | | | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!}}

{{tree chart|Ore | |Pau | | | | | | | |Pto | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Am3 | Ore=Orestes
{{reign|399|397 BC}}| boxstyle_Ore=border-width:3px| Pau=Pausanias
{{reign|single=394}}| boxstyle_Pau=border-width:3px| Pto=Ptolemy of Aloros
{{reign|368|365 BC}}| boxstyle_Pto=border-width:3px| Am3=Amyntas III
{{reign|393|370 BC}}| boxstyle_Am3=border-width:3px}}

{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|-|-|.}}

{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Alx2 | | | |Pe3 | | | |Ph2 | Alx2=Alexander II
{{reign|370|368 BC}}| boxstyle_Alx2=border-width:3px| Pe3=Perdiccas III
{{reign|365|359 BC}}| boxstyle_Pe3=border-width:3px| Ph2=Philip II
{{reign|359|336 BC}}| boxstyle_Ph2=border-width:3px}}

{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | |,|-|^|-|.}}

{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Am4 | |Ph3 | |Alx3 | Am4=Amyntas IV
{{reign|single=359}}| boxstyle_Am4=border-width:3px| Ph3=Philip III Arrhidaeus
{{reign|323|317 BC}}| boxstyle_Ph3=border-width:3px| Alx3=Alexander the Great
{{reign|336|323 BC}}| boxstyle_Alx3=border-width:3px}}

{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!}}

{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Alx4 | Alx4=Alexander IV
{{reign|323|310 BC}}| boxstyle_Alx4=border-width:3px}}

{{Tree chart/start|align=center|style="margin:1em auto|summary=Argead family tree}}

{{Center|Individuals with disputed heritage or rule are italicized.}}

{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Per | Per=Perdiccas I
{{circa|650 BC}}| boxstyle_Per=background:LemonChiffon;border-width:3px}}

{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Arg | Arg=Argaeus I
{{circa|623}}| boxstyle_Arg=background:LemonChiffon;border-width:3px}}

{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Phi | Phi=Philip I
{{circa|593}}| boxstyle_Phi=background:LemonChiffon;border-width:3px}}

{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Aer | Aer=Aeropus I
{{circa|563}}| boxstyle_Aer=background:LemonChiffon;border-width:3px}}

{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Alc | Alc=Alcetas
{{circa|533}}| boxstyle_Alc=background:LemonChiffon;border-width:3px}}

{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Am | Am={{Nowrap|Amyntas I}}
512–498/7| boxstyle_Am=background:LemonChiffon;border-width:3px}}

{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |)|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.}}

{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Alx | | | | | | | | | | | | |Gyg | Alx={{Nowrap|Alexander I}}
498/7–454| boxstyle_Alx=background:LemonChiffon;border-width:3px| Gyg=Gygaea
∞ Bubares| boxstyle_Gyg=border-width:1px}}

{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| | |!}}

{{tree chart| | | | | | |Scl |~|~|Pe2 | | |Men | |Amy | |Phl | |Al2 | |Str |And | Scl=Symache
Cleopatra| boxstyle_Scl=border-width:1px| Pe2={{Nowrap|Perdiccas II}}
454–413| boxstyle_Pe2=background:LemonChiffon;border-width:3px| Men=Menelaus| boxstyle_Men=border-width:1px| Amy=Amyntas| boxstyle_Amy=border-width:1px| Phl=Philip| boxstyle_Phl=border-width:1px| Al2=Alcetas| boxstyle_Al2=border-width:1px| Str=Stratonice
∞ Seuthes II| boxstyle_Str=border-width:1px| And=Amyntas| boxstyle_And=border-width:1px}}

{{tree chart| | | | | |,|-|-|-|-|-|-|(| | | | |!| | | |!| | | |!| | | |!}}

{{tree chart| | | | |Arc | | | | |Aer2 | | |Am2 | | Arr | |so2 | |so3 | Arc=Archelaus
413–399| boxstyle_Arc=background:LemonChiffon;border-width:3px| Aer2=Aeropus II
398/7–395/4| boxstyle_Aer2=background:LemonChiffon;border-width:3px| Am2={{Nowrap|Amyntas II}}
394/3| boxstyle_Am2=background:LemonChiffon;border-width:3px| Arr=Arrhidaeus| so2=sons| boxstyle_so2=border-width:1px| so3=sons| boxstyle_so3=border-width:1px}}

{{tree chart|son | |Ore | |Arg2 |Pau |F|~|Pto | |Am3 |~| wfe | son=unnamed son| boxstyle_son=border-width:1px| Ore=Orestes
399–398/7| boxstyle_Ore=background:LemonChiffon;border-width:3px| Arg2={{Nowrap|Argaeus II}}
393 BC?| boxstyle_Arg2=background:LemonChiffon;border-width:3px| Pau=Pausanias
394/3| boxstyle_Pau=background:LemonChiffon;border-width:3px| Pto=Ptolemy
368–365| boxstyle_Pto=background:LemonChiffon;border-width:3px| Am3={{Nowrap|Amyntas III}}
393–369| boxstyle_Am3=background:LemonChiffon;border-width:3px| wfe=1. Eurydice I
2. Gygaea}}

{{tree chart| |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.}}

{{tree chart|Alx2 | |Pe3 | |Eyr |~|~|~|J| | wf1 |~|Ph2 |~| wf2 | |so4 | Alx2={{Nowrap|Alexander II}}
369–368| boxstyle_Alx2=background:LemonChiffon;border-width:3px| Pe3={{Nowrap|Perdiccas III}}
365–360/59| boxstyle_Pe3=background:LemonChiffon;border-width:3px| Eyr=Eurynoe| boxstyle_Eyr=border-width:1px| wf1=1. Audata
2. Phila of Elimeia
3. Nicesipolis
4. Philinna| Ph2={{Nowrap|Philip II}}
360/59–336| boxstyle_Ph2=background:LemonChiffon;border-width:3px| wf2=5. Olympias
6. Meda of Odessos
7. Cleopatra Eurydice| so4=Menelaus
Archelaus
Arrhidaeus| boxstyle_so4=border-width:1px}}

{{tree chart| | | | | |!| | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.}}

{{tree chart| | | | |Am4 |~|Cyn | | The | |Ph3 | |Alx3 |~| wif | | Car | |Eur | Am4=Amyntas IV
359| boxstyle_Am4=background:LemonChiffon;border-width:3px| Cyn=Cynane| boxstyle_Cyn=border-width:1px| The=Thessalonike
∞Cassander| Ph3={{Nowrap|Philip III}}
323–317| boxstyle_Ph3=background:LemonChiffon;border-width:3px| Alx3={{Nowrap|Alexander III}}
336–323| boxstyle_Alx3=background:LemonChiffon;border-width:3px| wif=1. Roxana
2. Stateira II/Barsine
3. Parysatis II| Car=Caranus| Eur=Europa| boxstyle_Eur=border-width:1px}}

{{tree chart| | | | | | | | |Eu2 |~|~|~|~|~|~|J| | |Al4 | Eu2=Eurydice II| boxstyle_Eu2=border-width:1px| Al4={{Nowrap|Alexander IV}}
323–310| boxstyle_Al4=background:LemonChiffon;border-width:3px}}

References

=Citations=

=Sources=

{{cite book|last=Andronikos|first=Manolēs|title=Vergina: The Royal Tombs|location=Athens|publisher=Ekdotikē Athēnōn|year=1994|isbn=960-213-128-4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9qGjoAEACAAJ}}
{{cite book|last=Cartledge|first=Paul|author-link=Paul Cartledge|title=Ancient Greece: A Very Short Introduction|year=2011|location=Oxford|publisher=Oxford University Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ViqDNE-igH4C|isbn=978-0-19-960134-9}}
{{cite book|last=Cosmopoulos|first=Michael B.|year=1992|title=Macedonia: An Introduction to its Political History|location=Winnipeg|publisher=Manitoba Studies in Classical Civilization}}
{{cite book|last=Grant|first=Michael|year=1988|title=The Rise of the Greeks|location=New York|publisher=Charles Scribner's Sons|isbn=9780684185361|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/riseofgreeks00gran_0}}
{{cite book|last=Green|first=Peter|title=Alexander of Macedon, 356–323 B.C.: A Historical Biography|year=2013|orig-year=1991|location=Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-52-095469-4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SYo6c1iEL_4C}}
{{cite book|last=Hammond|first=Nicholas Geoffrey Lemprière|title=A History of Greece to 322 BC|location=Oxford, UK|publisher=Clarendon Press|year=1986|isbn=0-19-873095-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Tc68QgAACAAJ}}
{{cite book|last=Hoover|first=Oliver D.|year=2011|title=Handbook of Coins of the Peloponnesos: Achaia, Phleiasia, Sikyonia, Elis, Triphylia, Messenia, Lakonia, Argolis, and Arkadia, Sixth to First Centuries BC (The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, Volume 5)|location=Lancaster/London|publisher=Classical Numismatic Group}}
{{cite book|last=Hoover|first=Oliver D.|year=2016|title=Handbook of Coins of Macedon and Its Neighbors. Part I: Macedon, Illyria, and Epeiros, Sixth to First Centuries BC (The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, Volume 3)|location=Lancaster/London|publisher=Classical Numismatic Group}}
{{cite book|last1=Howatson|first1=M. C.|last2=Harvey|first2=Sir Paul|title=The Oxford Companion to Classical Literature|location=Oxford, UK|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1989|isbn=0-19-866121-5|url=https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont00howa|url-access=registration}}
{{cite book|last1=Lewis|first1=Charlton T.|last2=Short|first2=Charles|year=1879|title=A Latin Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.147309|location=Oxford|publisher=Clarendon Press}}
{{cite book|last1=Liddell|first1=Henry George|last2=Scott|first2=Robert|year=1940|title=A Greek-English Lexicon|url=https://archive.org/details/b31364949_0002|location=Oxford|publisher=Clarendon Press}}
{{cite book|last=Rogers|first=Guy MacLean|title=Alexander: The Ambiguity of Greatness|location=New York|publisher=Random House Publishing Group|year=2004|isbn=1-4000-6261-6|url=https://archive.org/details/alexander00guym|url-access=registration}}

External links

{{Library resources box |by=no |onlinebooks=yes |others=yes |about=yes |label=Argead dynasty |viaf= |lccn= |lcheading= |wikititle= }}

{{cite encyclopedia|title=Argead Dynasty|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9009361/Argead-Dynasty|access-date=13 May 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080426011637/https://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9009361/Argead-Dynasty|archive-date=26 April 2008|url-status=live}}

Category:States and territories established in the 9th century BC

Category:States and territories disestablished in the 4th century BC

Category:Ancient Macedonian dynasties

Category:Royalty of Macedonia (ancient kingdom)

Category:Mythology of Macedonia (ancient kingdom)

Category:9th-century BC establishments in Greece

Category:4th-century BC disestablishments in Greece

class="wikitable" align="center" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;" \| \|+Argead Rulers ! width="160px" \|Image !! align="center" width="123px" \|Reign !! width="500px" \|Monarch Name !Comments
	{{Circa\|808}}-778 BC	Karanos \|Founder of the Argead dynasty and the first king of Macedon. (Possibly Fictional)
	{{Circa\|778}}-750 BC	Koinos \|(Possibly Fictional)
	{{Circa\|750}}-700 BC	Tyrimmas \|(Possibly Fictional)
	{{Circa\|700}}-678 BC	Perdiccas I \|
	{{Circa\|678}}-640 BC	Argaeus I \|
	{{Circa\|640}}-602 BC	Philip I \|
	{{Circa\|602}}-576 BC	Aeropus I \|
	576-547 BC	Alcetas \|
	547-498 BC	Amyntas I \|Vassal of the Achaemenid Empire in 512/511 BC. Historians recognize Amyntas as the first Macedonian monarch of historical importance.
200x200px	497-454 BC	Alexander I \|Fully subordinate part of the Achaemenid Empire after 492 BC, then full Independence after 479 BC following the withdrawal of the Achaemenid army.
200x200px	454-413 BC	Perdiccas II \|
200x200px	413-399 BC	Archelaus \|
	399-396 BC	Orestes \|Ruled jointly with Aeropus II, until he was murdered by Aeropus II
200x200px	399-394/393 BC	Aeropus II \|Joint rule with Orestes until 396 BC, then sole rule
200x200px	393 BC	Amyntas II \|Very brief reign ended with his assassination by an Elimieotan nobleman named Derdas
200x200px	393 BC	Pausanias \|Assassinated by, Amyntas III in the year of his accession
200x200px	393 BC	Amyntas III (First Reign) \|
	393-392 BC	Argaeus II \|Usurped throne from Amyntas III for about a year with the aid of the Illyrians
200x200px	392-370 BC	Amyntas III (Second Reign) \|Restored to the throne after around one year
	370-368 BC	Alexander II \|Assassinated by his maternal uncle Ptolemy of Aloros
200x200px	368-359 BC	Perdiccas III \|Ptolemy of Aloros was his regent from 368-365 BC, until he was murdered by Perdiccas III
	359 BC	Amyntas IV \|Young son of Perdiccas III, throne usurped by Philip II
150x150px	359-336 BC	Philip II \|Expanded Macedonian territory and influence to achieve a dominant position in the Balkans, confederated most of the Greek city-states in the League of Corinth under his hegemony.
150x150px	336-323 BC	Alexander III the Great \|The most notable Macedonian king and one of the most celebrated kings and military strategists of all time. By the end of his reign, Alexander was simultaneously King of Macedonia, Pharaoh of Egypt and King of Persia, and had conquered the entire former Achaemenid Empire as well as parts of the western Indus Valley.
153x153px	323-317 BC	Philip III Arrhidaeus \|Half-Brother of Alexander the Great, Titular figurehead king of the Macedonian Empire, during the early Wars of the Diadochi; was mentally disabled to at least some degree. Executed by Olympias.
113x113px	323/317-309 BC	Alexander IV \|Son of Alexander the Great and Roxana of Bactria, who was yet unborn at the time of his father's death. A pretender upon his birth, from 317 BC the titular figurehead king of the Macedonian Empire, during the early-middle Wars of the Diadochi. Executed by Cassander.