Artern

Artern is situated at the confluence of the rivers Unstrut and Helme, on a bend of the Unstrut, which flows through the town from the southeast to the northwest.

It is located in the north east of Thuringia, close to the border with Saxony Anhalt, and 12 km south of Sangerhausen.

Artern is on the Sangerhausen–Erfurt railway and so has railway connections to Erfurt and Sangerhausen. The railway connection to Naumburg was cancelled in December 2006. The population was 6,165 in the 2006 census.

The first known documented mention of Artern was as Aratora in the early 9th Century, in a register of estates at Hersfeld Abbey. The water castle of Artern was built in the 10th Century by a local noble Thietmarus Kohlstedt.

Machinery, sugar and boots used to be manufactured in Artern.

Its brine springs, known as early as the 15th century, are still frequented.{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Artern|volume=2|page=669}}

In 1944 a subcamp, Rebstock neu, of the Nazi concentration camp Buchenwald was established in Artern.

During World War II, 47 prisoners of war from Poland and France were used as forced labourers at the Weidlich Manor, on the Demesne, and on the river works. Over 400 foreign forced labourers were working in the machine factory Kyffhäuserhütte in 1941. At least another 1,124 forced labourers, predominantly from the Soviet Union, worked in the sugar factory, the brewery, the saline works, on the railways and on farms (also in the nearby village of Schönfeld) and in the outlying estate Kachstedt.

In the Artern subcamp (with cover name A-Dorf) of the concentration camp Mittelbau-Dora, hundreds of prisoners, also from other camps, had to assemble the electrics for V2 rockets. In April 1945 hundreds of concentration camp prisoners were sent on various routes on death marches. The numerous fatalities of the forced labour and the last deportations were buried in the Parkfriedhof cemetery, where a memorial stone was erected, which was removed in 1975.Thüringer Verband der Verfolgten des Naziregimes – Bund der Antifaschisten und Studienkreis deutscher Widerstand 1933–1945 (Hrsg.): Heimatgeschichtlicher Wegweiser zu Stätten des Widerstandes und der Verfolgung 1933–1945. (= Heimatgeschichtliche Wegweiser, Band 8 – Thüringen.) Erfurt 2003, {{ISBN|3-88864-343-0}}, S. 166.

On 12 April 1945 Artern was occupied by the US Army, and in July of the same year by the Red Army. With this it became part of the Soviet occupation zone and later East Germany.

File:Kyffhäuserhütte Artern.JPG

File:Saline Artern.JPG

From 1960 as of 31 December

: Data since 1994: Thüringian State Statistical Office

Atern has a cool steppe climate (Köppen: BSk; Trewartha: BSbk), bordering on an oceanic one (Köppen: Cfb; Trewartha: Dobk), which is unique for Germany. The annual precipitation is {{convert|481.6|mm|in|abbr=on}}, and the precipitation in summer is more than twice that in winter.

The Artern weather station has recorded the following extreme values:

• Its highest temperature was {{convert|38.9|C|F}} on 4 July 2015.
• Its lowest temperature was {{convert|-23.6|C|F}} on 14 January 1987 and 24 February 1986.
• Its greatest annual precipitation was {{convert|665.7|mm|in|abbr=on}} in 2007.
• Its least annual precipitation was {{convert|272.6|mm|in|abbr=on}} in 2018.
• The longest annual sunshine was 2,033.6 hours in 2003.
• The shortest annual sunshine was 1,194.1 hours in 1977.

{{Weather box|width=auto

|location = Artern (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1954–present)

|metric first = Y

|single line = Y

|Jan record high C = 15.3

|Feb record high C = 18.4

|Mar record high C = 24.8

|Apr record high C = 31.0

|May record high C = 32.4

|Jun record high C = 37.2

|Jul record high C = 38.9

|Aug record high C = 37.9

|Sep record high C = 33.3

|Oct record high C = 27.3

|Nov record high C = 21.8

|Dec record high C = 17.1

|year record high C = 38.9

|Jan avg record high C = 11.0

|Feb avg record high C = 13.1

|Mar avg record high C = 18.4

|Apr avg record high C = 23.6

|May avg record high C = 27.8

|Jun avg record high C = 31.3

|Jul avg record high C = 33.1

|Aug avg record high C = 33.2

|Sep avg record high C = 27.5

|Oct avg record high C = 21.9

|Nov avg record high C = 15.5

|Dec avg record high C = 11.7

|year avg record high C = 35.0

|Jan high C = 3.4

|Feb high C = 5.0

|Mar high C = 9.5

|Apr high C = 15.1

|May high C = 19.2

|Jun high C = 22.6

|Jul high C = 25.1

|Aug high C = 25.0

|Sep high C = 20.1

|Oct high C = 14.1

|Nov high C = 7.8

|Dec high C = 4.2

|year high C = 14.2

|Jan mean C = 0.9

|Feb mean C = 1.7

|Mar mean C = 5.0

|Apr mean C = 9.6

|May mean C = 13.6

|Jun mean C = 16.9

|Jul mean C = 19.1

|Aug mean C = 18.9

|Sep mean C = 14.6

|Oct mean C = 9.7

|Nov mean C = 5.0

|Dec mean C = 1.9

|year mean C = 9.7

|Jan low C = -1.7

|Feb low C = -1.5

|Mar low C = 1.0

|Apr low C = 4.2

|May low C = 8.0

|Jun low C = 11.4

|Jul low C = 13.5

|Aug low C = 13.3

|Sep low C = 9.7

|Oct low C = 5.8

|Nov low C = 2.2

|Dec low C = -0.6

|year low C = 5.4

|Jan avg record low C = -11.3

|Feb avg record low C = -9.8

|Mar avg record low C = -5.0

|Apr avg record low C = -2.1

|May avg record low C = 1.9

|Jun avg record low C = 6.3

|Jul avg record low C = 8.8

|Aug avg record low C = 7.9

|Sep avg record low C = 4.0

|Oct avg record low C = -1.3

|Nov avg record low C = -4.4

|Dec avg record low C = -8.8

|year avg record low C = -13.4

|Jan record low C = -23.6

|Feb record low C = -23.6

|Mar record low C = -19.1

|Apr record low C = -7.2

|May record low C = -2.6

|Jun record low C = 1.2

|Jul record low C = 4.3

|Aug record low C = 4.2

|Sep record low C = 0.0

|Oct record low C = -7.2

|Nov record low C = -17.3

|Dec record low C = -24.2

|year record low C = -23.6

|precipitation colour = green

|Jan precipitation mm = 27.6

|Feb precipitation mm = 22.4

|Mar precipitation mm = 32.8

|Apr precipitation mm = 31.4

|May precipitation mm = 59.2

|Jun precipitation mm = 46.3

|Jul precipitation mm = 67.5

|Aug precipitation mm = 49.2

|Sep precipitation mm = 44.9

|Oct precipitation mm = 33.3

|Nov precipitation mm = 36.3

|Dec precipitation mm = 33.8

|year precipitation mm = 481.6

|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm

|Jan precipitation days = 15.6

|Feb precipitation days = 13.2

|Mar precipitation days = 14.4

|Apr precipitation days = 11.4

|May precipitation days = 12.8

|Jun precipitation days = 12.7

|Jul precipitation days = 13.8

|Aug precipitation days = 12.5

|Sep precipitation days = 11.7

|Oct precipitation days = 14.1

|Nov precipitation days = 14.9

|Dec precipitation days = 16.2

|year precipitation days = 162.9

|Jan snow depth cm = 6.3

|Feb snow depth cm = 5.3

|Mar snow depth cm = 3.2

|Apr snow depth cm = 0.2

|May snow depth cm = 0

|Jun snow depth cm = 0

|Jul snow depth cm = 0

|Aug snow depth cm = 0

|Sep snow depth cm = 0

|Oct snow depth cm = trace

|Nov snow depth cm = 1.7

|Dec snow depth cm = 5.1

|year snow depth cm = 10.6

|unit snow days = 1.0 cm

|Jan snow days = 8.2

|Feb snow days = 7.3

|Mar snow days = 2.6

|Apr snow days = 0.1

|May snow days = 0

|Jun snow days = 0

|Jul snow days = 0

|Aug snow days = 0

|Sep snow days = 0

|Oct snow days = 0

|Nov snow days = 1.4

|Dec snow days = 5.4

|year snow days = 28.6

|Jan sun = 54.6

|Feb sun = 76.8

|Mar sun = 124.6

|Apr sun = 184.4

|May sun = 220.3

|Jun sun = 221.2

|Jul sun = 222.6

|Aug sun = 210.0

|Sep sun = 155.8

|Oct sun = 103.9

|Nov sun = 51.5

|Dec sun = 43.5

|year sun = 1669.5

|humidity colour = green

|Jan humidity = 85.0

|Feb humidity = 81.3

|Mar humidity = 76.1

|Apr humidity = 69.1

|May humidity = 70.8

|Jun humidity = 70.6

|Jul humidity = 68.4

|Aug humidity = 68.0

|Sep humidity = 75.0

|Oct humidity = 82.6

|Nov humidity = 87.2

|Dec humidity = 86.8

|year humidity =

|source 1 = NOAA{{cite web

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230914163313/https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Germany/CSV/Artern_10460.csv

|archive-date = 14 September 2023

|url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Germany/CSV/Artern_10460.csv

|title = Artern Climate Normals 1991–2020

|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

|access-date = 15 September 2023}}

|source 2 = Deutscher Wetterdienst / SKlima.de{{cite web

|url = http://sklima.de/datenbank_auswertung.php?tab=2

|title = Monatsauswertung

|website = sklima.de

|publisher = SKlima

|language = de

|access-date = 13 October 2024}}

}}

The town has three sister cities:

• Einbeck in Niedersachsen (since 2 July 1990)
• Topoľčany in Slovakia (since 1982, renewed on 2 October 1992)
• Mazingarbe in France (since 11 May 1996)

• John Christopher Kunze (1744-1807), Pietist and evangelical missionary{{cite book | title = Who Was Who in America, Historical Volume, 1607–1896 | publisher = Marquis Who's Who | location=Chicago | year = 1963}}
• Richard Ungewitter (1869-1959), former organizer of the nudist movement
• Johanna Schaller, later Johanna Klier (born 1952), former East German hurdler and Olympic gold medallist

{{Reflist}}

• {{commons category-inline}}
• {{in lang|de}} {{Official website}}

File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-2006-0013, Luftbild Artern.jpg

{{Cities and towns in Kyffhäuserkreis}}

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Category:Towns in Thuringia

Category:Kyffhäuserkreis