Arthur Hodgson

Hodgson was born in Rickmansworth, Hertfordshire, England; the second son of the Rev. Edward Hodgson and his third wife Charlotte, daughter of Francis William Pemberton of Bombay, India. Hodgson was educated at Eton from 1828 to 1833 and then entered the Royal Navy and was a midshipman from 1833 to 1837 on HMS Canopus on the China station. In 1837–38 he studied at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge.{{acad|id=HG837A|name=Hodgson, Arthur}}

In 1839 Hodgson moved to Australia, arriving in Sydney, and soon leased Cashiobury run in the New England district. In July 1840, he sought new land further north in the Moreton Bay district (as it was then known, now called Queensland) based on advice from Patrick Leslie. With a partner, Gilbert Eliott, and his brother, Christopher Pemberton Hodgson, Arthur Hodgson squatted Eton Vale, the second pastoral run on the Darling Downs in September 1840.{{cite book |last1=Kingston |first1=Beverley |title=Australian Dictionary of Biography |date=1972 |chapter-url=http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/hodgson-christopher-pemberton-3776 |accessdate=19 June 2019 |chapter=Hodgson, Christopher Pemberton (1821–1865) |publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University |archive-date=19 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619184731/http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/hodgson-christopher-pemberton-3776 |url-status=live }} In the 1846 publication, Reminiscences of Australia with Hints on the Squatters' Life, Hodgson's brother describes the conflict involved in the taking of land ownership from Aboriginal Australians. They named this property Etonvale after Eton College, the illustrious school they both attended in England. The land they marked out was in the possession of the Barunggam people and the book recorded in some detail their "constant skirmishes with the natives" to wrest control of the area, and how "so many hundreds of these poor creatures have been sacrificed". The Hodgson brothers took an active role in the killings. The homestead was decorated with "swords, guns and..all around are displayed spears, boomerangs..dillies and calabashes, the spoil of a hard fought battle or a surprised camp of natives."{{cite web |last1=Hodgson |first1=Christopher Pemberton |title=Reminiscences of Australia |url=https://archive.org/details/reminiscencesau00hodggoog/page/n12 |website=archive.org |accessdate=23 October 2018}}

In 1842 Arthur Hodgson married the daughter of Sir James Dowling, Chief Justice of New South Wales, which helped advance his position there. In 1856–61 he became general superintendent of the Australian Agricultural Company.{{Dictionary of Australian Biography |first=Sir Arthur |last=Hodgson |shortlink=0-dict-biogHi-Hu.html#hodgson1 |accessdate=20 April 2019}}

Hodgson represented Clarence and Darling Downs in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly in 1858 and Newcastle in 1859.{{Cite NSW Parliament |id=473 |name=Sir Arthur Hodgson (1818-1902) |former=Yes |access-date=19 April 2019}} After the separation of Queensland, he was elected to its Legislative Assembly representing Warrego.{{cite web|title=Former Members|publisher=Parliament of Queensland|year=2015|url=http://www.parliament.qld.gov.au/members/former/bio?id=3782971224|accessdate=15 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215135526/http://www.parliament.qld.gov.au/members/former/bio?id=3782971224|archive-date=15 February 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}} Hodgson was minister for public works in the Mackenzie ministry from September to November 1868 and colonial secretary in the Lilley ministry from January to November 1869. He was acting-premier during the visit of the Duke of Edinburgh.

File:Sir Arthur Hodgson.Artist—Henry Jones Thaddeus.1899.jpg, 1899]]

In 1870 Hodgson returned to England, settled at Clopton House near Stratford-upon-Avon, of which town he became mayor, and took much interest in the Shakespearian memorials there, and also in the volunteer movement. Hodgson served as High Sheriff of Warwickshire in 1881, as mayor of Stratford from 1883 to 1888, as well as high steward of the borough from 1884 to 1889. He represented Queensland at various European exhibitions, and did useful work in helping to develop the Queensland trade in meat and other products. Hodgson was created Companion (CMG) of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1878, and Knight Commander (KCMG) in that Order in 1886 for services in representing Queensland in the exhibitions of Vienna (1873), Paris (1878) and London (1886).{{clear left}}

Hodgson married, in 1842, Eliza Dowling, second daughter of Sir James Dowling. They had seven children, including Annie Frances Hodgson, who went on to marry James Wilfred Hewitt, 5th Viscount Lifford.{{cite web |title = James Wilfrid Hewitt, 5th Viscount Lifford |author = Darryl Lundy |url = http://www.thepeerage.com/p22271.htm#i222701 |access-date = 29 January 2015 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150218142329/http://www.thepeerage.com/p22271.htm#i222701 |archive-date = 18 February 2015 |url-status = live |df = dmy-all }}

Lady Hodgson died on 2 May 1902, in her 81st year.{{Cite newspaper The Times |title=Obituary|date=3 May 1902 |page=14 |issue=36758}} Hodgson died later that year, at Clopton House on 24 December 1902 and was buried with his wife in Stratford-upon-Avon Cemetery.[http://databases2.shakespeare.org.uk/main/index/10 Cemetery Burials Register] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150616150405/http://databases2.shakespeare.org.uk/main/index/10 |date=16 June 2015 }} — Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. Retrieved 15 February 2015.

The small township of Hodgson in the Maranoa Region,{{Cite QPN|15967|Hodgson|population centre in the Maranoa Region|access-date=31 January 2022}} the locality of Hodgson Vale in the Toowoomba Region,{{Cite QPN|47971|Hodgson Vale|locality in the Toowoomba Region|access-date=31 January 2022}} and Hodgson Creek in the Toowoomba Region are named in his honour.{{Cite QPN|47971|Hodgson Creek|watercourse in the Toowoomba Region|access-date=31 January 2022}}

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• {{Citation | author1=Hodgson, Arthur, Sir | title=Arthur Hodgson Archive, 1844-1926 | date=1844–1926 | url=http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/200350205 | via=State Library of Queensland}}

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• [http://www.slq.qld.gov.au/showcase/grass-dukes-and-shepherd-kings Grass Dukes and Shepherd Kings], State Library of Queensland
• [https://onesearch.slq.qld.gov.au/permalink/61SLQ_INST/tqqf2h/alma99183959420902061 Colonial Secretary's papers 1822-1877], State Library of Queensland- includes digitised letters written by Hodgson to the Colonial Secretary of New South Wales
• [https://onesearch.slq.qld.gov.au/permalink/61SLQ_INST/11l3i0/alma99287153402061 Arthur Hodgson archive 1844-1926], State Library of Queensland

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Category:1818 births

Category:1902 deaths

Category:People educated at Eton College

Category:Alumni of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge

Category:Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly

Category:Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George

Category:People from Rickmansworth

Category:Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly

Category:19th-century Australian politicians

Category:Sheriffs of Warwickshire

Category:Squatting in Australia

Category:19th-century squatters