Arthur Lyttelton

{{Infobox Christian leader

| type =

| honorific-prefix = The Right Reverend and Honourable

| name = Arthur Lyttelton

| title = Bishop of Southampton

| image = Arthur lyttelton.jpg

| image_size =

| alt = Arthur lyttelton as Master of Selwyn College, Cambridge

| caption = As Master of Selwyn College, Cambridge

| church = Church of England

| province =

| metropolis =

| diocese = Winchester

| see =

| elected =

| appointed = 1898

| ended = 1903

| term =

| term_start =

| quashed =

| term_end =

| predecessor = George Fisher

| opposed =

| successor = James Macarthur

| other_post =

| ordination = 1876

| ordinated_by =

| consecration =

| consecrated_by =

| cardinal =

| rank =

| birth_name = Arthur Temple Lyttelton

| birth_date = {{Birth date|1852|01|07|df=y}}

| birth_place = Westminster, London, England

| death_date = {{Death date and age|1903|02|19|1852|01|07|df=y}}

| death_place = Petersfield, Hampshire, England

| buried =

| residence =

| parents = George Lyttelton, 4th Baron Lyttelton and Mary Glynne

| spouse = Kathleen Mary (née Clive)

| children = Margaret Lucy, Archer Geoffrey, Stephen Clive

| occupation =

| profession =

| previous_post =

| alma_mater = {{Plainlist|

}}

Arthur Temple Lyttelton (7 January 1852 – 19 February 1903) was an Anglican Bishop from the Lyttelton family. After studying at Eton College and Cambridge University, he was ordained as a priest in 1877, and was a curate at St Mary's in Reading. He later served as vicar in Eccles, before being appointed as the third Suffragan Bishop of Southampton. He gave and published a number of lectures relating to his faith, and was the Hulsean Lecturer in 1891. He was also one of eleven members of the Lyttelton family to play first-class cricket.

After a short time as a tutor at Keble College, Oxford, he became the first Master of Selwyn College, Cambridge.

Early life and education

Arthur Lyttelton was born in Westminster, London, on 7 Jan 1852,https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/9841/records/104441307?tid=&pid=&queryId=47e0096d-dfac-49e0-8c93-b82a25fec79a&_phsrc=xrU511&_phstart=successSource the fifth son of George Lyttelton, 4th Baron Lyttelton and his first wife Mary Glynne.{{cite book |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p1190.htm#i11892 |editor1-last=Mosley |editor1-first=Charles |title=Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage |edition=107th |volume=1 |location=Wilmington, Delaware |publisher=Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd |year=2003 |page=839}} He attended Eton College, followed by Trinity College, Cambridge, from which he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1874. He was awarded his MA degree in 1877.{{acad|id=LTLN870AT|name=Lyttelton, Arthur Temple}}

School and university cricket

Lyttelton played a match for the "Gentlemen of Worcestershire" in 1866, when he was 14, playing alongside two of his older brothers, Charles and George.{{cite web |url-access=subscription |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/246/246543.html |title=Gentlemen of Worcestershire v Gentlemen of Herefordshire: Other matches in England 1866 |publisher=CricketArchive|access-date=6 December 2011}} The Lyttelton family was closely associated with cricket in Worcestershire, and most of the family appeared for the county at some time. He played for Eton in his final year at the school, and appeared in the annual fixture against Harrow that year, his performance being of little note. Eton won the match by 21 runs, in which Lyttelton scored two runs in the first innings and remained not out with five runs in the second. He batted at number ten in both innings, and did not bowl.{{cite web |url-access=subscription |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/211/211359.html |title=Eton College v Harrow School: Other matches in England 1870 |publisher=CricketArchive|access-date=6 December 2011}} He suffered a pair during a match between Worcestershire and Herefordshire in 1871.{{cite web |url-access=subscription |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/246/246810.html |title=Gentlemen of Worcestershire v Gentlemen of Herefordshire: Other matches in England 1871 |publisher=CricketArchive|access-date=6 December 2011}} During his time at Cambridge University, Lyttelton frequently appeared for the Quidnuncs Cricket Club, a cricket club generally populated by former university cricketers who had earned a blue.

File:Shakespeare Society, Cambridge, 1873 cropped.jpg]]

He never played first-class cricket for the university, but did appear against them in one match in 1872; his only first-class appearance.{{cite web |url-access=subscription |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/31/31120/First-Class_Matches.html |title=First-Class Matches played by Arthur Lyttelton (1) |publisher=CricketArchive|access-date=6 December 2011}} Lyttelton was part of the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) team which played the university at Lord's Cricket Ground in June that year. He batted at number seven, and after scoring a duck in the first innings, he scored four runs in the second of a low-scoring match in which only W. G. Grace passed 50 runs in an innings.{{cite web |url-access=subscription |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/1/1750.html |title=Marylebone Cricket Club v Cambridge University: University Match 1872 |publisher=CricketArchive|access-date=6 December 2011}} He made a second appearance for the MCC that summer, as part of a side which beat a Worcestershire team containing two of his brothers by three wickets.{{cite web |url-access=subscription |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/246/246861.html |title=Gentlemen of Worcestershire v Marylebone Cricket Club: Other matches in England 1872 |publisher=CricketArchive|access-date=6 December 2011}} He played little more notable cricket, turning out for the Quidnuncs and the Free Foresters infrequently.{{cite web |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/31/31120/Other_matches.html |title=Other matches played by Arthur Lyttelton (22) |publisher=CricketArchive|access-date=6 December 2011 |archive-date=9 July 2012 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120709023917/http://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/31/31120/Other_matches.html |url-status=dead }} He was described in Scores and Biographies as being "Like the rest of the family he is a fine free hitter, and an excellent field at long-leg, or middle-wicket-off."{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/story/227830.html |title=Obituaries in 1903 |date=30 November 2005 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=6 December 2011}}

After graduation

Lyttelton was ordained as a deacon in Oxford in 1876, and as a priest the following year. He began his career with a curacy at St Mary's, Reading, and in 1879 became a tutor at Keble College, Oxford, a post he retained until 1882.

File:Arthur Temple Lyttelton, Oxford, 1880.jpg

In 1880 he married the women's activist Mary Kathleen Clive, daughter of the Liberal politician George Clive; they had three children: Margaret Lucy, Archer Geoffrey, and Stephen Clive.

Selwyn College

In 1882 Lyttelton moved with his wife to Cambridge to take up the post of first master of Selwyn College. When they arrived, the college was still a building site with only the West front completed. Initially, they made do with a suite of adapted student rooms until the Master's Lodge was built.{{cite book |last=Chothia |first=Jean|chapter=Feature Articles by Fellows: Kathleen Lyttelton (1856–1907) | pages= 60 |title=Selwyn College Calendar, vol 125, 2017-2018 |publisher=Selwyn College Cambridge |year=2018}}

Lyttelton's moderate political views along with his political connections to the prime minister (his aunt was Gladstone's wife,{{cite web|url=http://www.sel.cam.ac.uk/college/Selwyn-1882-1973.pdf |title=Selwyn College 1882–1973: A Short History |publisher=Selwyn College, Cambridge |year=1973 |access-date=6 December 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120211141155/http://www.sel.cam.ac.uk/college/Selwyn-1882-1973.pdf |archive-date=11 February 2012 }} and his brother served as his private secretary) helped ensure acceptance of the new institution within the university. However, he did cause some consternation when he ruled that in general only members of the Church of England would be admitted to the college, despite government acts of 1856 and 1871 which allowed undergraduates and faculty members of any religion, or no religion, to be admitted.

He was described in a history of the college as a "fine teacher and a reserved, aloof-seeming man of judgement, decision and piety."

Return to church work

In 1893 Lyttelton returned to ecclesiastical work, taking up the post of Vicar of Eccles.{{cite web|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=41440 |title=A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 4 |publisher=British History Online |year=1911 |pages=352–362 |editor1=William Farrer |editor2=J. Brownbill}} He was an Honorary Chaplain to Queen Victoria from 1895 until the following year when he was appointed as Chaplain in Ordinary to the Queen,{{cite news |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1903/02/21/101307139.pdf |title=The Bishop of Southampton |work=The New York Times |date=21 February 1903 |access-date=6 December 2011}} a position in which he served until 1898. He was Lady Margaret's Preacher in each of 1885 and 1897, delivering the Hulsean Lectures in 1891. He was briefly named as an Honorary Canon of Manchester in 1898, but later that year ascended to the episcopate as the Bishop of Southampton, suffragan to the Bishop of Winchester. In the same year, he was appointed Provost of St. Nicholas College, Lancing, West Sussex.{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/stream/registerofsnicho00lancuoft/registerofsnicho00lancuoft_djvu.txt |title=A register of S. Nicholas college, Lancing, from its foundation at Shoreham in August, 1848 to the commencement of the month of November, 1900 |publisher=Bradbury, Agnew, & Co. |editor=Whitaker, Cuthbert Wilfrid |location=London |year=1900}} In 1900 he was appointed Archdeacon of Winchester.