August 2016 Central Italy earthquake

{{Infobox earthquake

| image =

| caption =

| map = 2016_central_italy_earthquake.jpg

| pushpin_map = Italy

| local-date = {{Start date|df=yes|2016|8|24}}

| local-time = 03:36 CEST

| anss-url = us10006g7d

| isc-event = 611462212

| duration =

| magnitude = 6.2 {{M|w|link=y}}{{cite web|title=Origin|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us10006g7d#origin|publisher=United States Geological Survey|access-date=26 August 2016}}

| depth = {{convert|4.4|km|abbr=on}}{{Cite web|title=Relazione di dettaglio: Rieti Mw 6.0 del 2016-08-24 01:36:32 UTC|language=it|publisher=National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology|date=24 August 2016|url=https://ingvterremoti.files.wordpress.com/2016/08/relazione_di_dettaglio_rieti_mw_6-0_del_2016-08-24_01_36_32_utc_versione_del_2016-08-24_ore_04_26_02_utc-1.pdf|access-date=25 August 2016}}

| location = {{Coord|42.706|N|13.223|E|display=title, inline}}

| fault =

| type = Dip-slip (normal)

| intensity = {{MMI|11}}{{cite journal|author1=Paolo Galli|author2=Sergio Castenetto|author3=Edoardo Peronace|title=The Macroseismic Intensity Distribution of the 30 October 2016 Earthquake in Central Italy (Mw 6.6): Seismotectonic Implications|journal=Tectonics|date=2017|volume=36|issue=10|pages=2179–2191|doi=10.1002/2017TC004583|bibcode=2017Tecto..36.2179G|s2cid=134166952|url=https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/2017TC004583}}

| landslide =

| tsunami =

| aftershocks =

| casualties = 299 deaths{{cite news|url=http://www.rainews.it/dl/rainews/articoli/terremoto-299-vittime-morta-donna-ricoverata-6f42bd7f-3de1-42a8-9649-9d725fb509ff.html|language=it|title=Terremoto nell'Italia centrale. È morta una donna ricoverata: le vittime sono 299|date=15 November 2016|access-date=15 November 2016|publisher=Rai News24}}
{{tooltip|≈|approximately}} 388 injured{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/italy-earthquake-death-toll-reaches-278-amatrice-a7212156.html|title=Italy Earthquake: Death toll reaches 278 while road damage could see town 'isolated'|work=The Independent|date=26 August 2016|access-date=26 November 2016|author=Santalucia, Paolo}}
4,500 homeless[http://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/notizie/2016-09-08/terremoto-curcio-4500-tende-ma-presto-via-li-le-casette-7-mesi-115052.shtml?uuid=ADnS26GB Terremoto, Curcio: 4500 nelle tende, ma presto via da lì. Per le casette 7 mesi]

| title = August 2016 Central Italy earthquake

| image alt =

| map alt = USGS ShakeMap of the earthquake

| image name =

| timestamp = 2016-08-24 01:36:32

| countries affected = Central Italy

}}

An earthquake, measuring 6.2 ± 0.016 on the moment magnitude scale, hit Central Italy on 24 August 2016 at 03:36:32 CEST (01:36 UTC). Its epicentre was close to Accumoli, with its hypocentre at a depth of 4 ± 1 km, approximately {{convert|75|km|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of Perugia and {{convert|45|km|mi|abbr=on}} north of L'Aquila, in an area near the borders of the Umbria, Lazio, Abruzzo and Marche regions. {{As of|2016|11|15}}, 299 people had been killed.

Background

The central Apennines is one of the most seismically active areas in Italy. The Apennines mountain belt were formed in the Miocene to Pliocene as a result of the ongoing subduction of the Adriatic plate beneath the Eurasian plate, forming a fold and thrust belt. During the Quaternary, thrust tectonics gave way to extensional tectonics, with the development of a zone of normal faulting running along the crest of the mountain range. The extension is a result of either subduction rollback or the opening of the Tyrrhenian Sea. In the Central Apennines the zone of extension is about 30 km wide, closely matching the zone of observed extensional strain as shown by GPS measurements. Recent large earthquakes in this area have been caused by movement on SW-dipping normal faults.{{cite journal|url=ftp://ftp-server.rm.ingv.it/pub/nicola.dagostino/papers/dagostino_etal_tectonophysics2008.pdf|title=Contemporary crustal extension in the Umbria–Marche Apennines from regional CGPS networks and comparison between geodetic and seismic deformation|author1=D'Agostino N.|author2=Mantenuto S.|author3=D'Anastasio E.|author4=Avallone A.|author5=Barchi M.|author6=Collettini C.|author7=Radicioni F.|author8=Stoppini A.|author9=Fastellini G.|journal=Tectonophysics|year=2009|volume=476|issue=1–2|pages=3–12|doi=10.1016/j.tecto.2008.09.033|bibcode=2009Tectp.476....3D}}

This was the largest tremor since 2009,{{Cite web|last=Breslin|first=Sean|url=https://weather.com/safety/earthquake/news/central-italy-earthquake|title=6.2 Magnitude Earthquake Hits Italy; Residents Trapped, Major Damage Reported|website=Weather.com|date=24 August 2016|access-date=24 August 2016}} when an earthquake near L'Aquila in the Abruzzo region killed over 300 people and displaced about 65,000.

Earthquake

The earthquake was initially reported by INGV to have occurred at a depth of approximately {{convert|5|km|abbr=on}}, with a magnitude of 6.0 {{M|w|link=y}} and epicentre in the comune of Accumoli. The USGS first reported an earthquake at a depth of {{convert|10.0|km|abbr=on}} with a magnitude of 6.4 {{M|w|link=}} and epicentre southeast of Norcia,{{cite web|title=M6.2 – 10 km SE of Norcia, Italy|publisher=United States Geological Survey|date=24 August 2016|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us10006g7d|access-date=24 August 2016}}{{Cite news|last=Scherer|first=Steve|title=Magnitude 6.4 quake hits Italy near Perugia: USGS|agency=Reuters|date=24 August 2016|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-italy-quake-idUKKCN10Z04J|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160824020122/http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-italy-quake-idUKKCN10Z04J|url-status=dead|archive-date=24 August 2016|access-date=24 August 2016}} but subsequently revised the magnitude to 6.2 {{M|w|link=}}. The first seismic wave was recorded at 3:36 a.m.{{cite web|first=Fabio|last=Carosi|url=https://www.affaritaliani.it/roma/terremoto-ad-amatrice-una-perla-italia-cancellata-nell-ora-del-diavolo-437571.html|title=Terremoto ad Amatrice, una perla d'Italia cancellata nell'ora del diavolo|language=it|date=24 August 2016|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200508185629/https://www.affaritaliani.it/roma/terremoto-ad-amatrice-una-perla-italia-cancellata-nell-ora-del-diavolo-437571.html|archive-date=8 May 2020|url-status=live}}

The European-Mediterranean Seismological Centre put the magnitude at 6.1.{{Cite news|last1=Park|first1=Madison|last2=Karimi|first2=Faith|title=Earthquake hits central Italy|publisher=CNN|date=24 August 2016|url=http://www.cnn.com/2016/08/23/europe/italy-earthquake/index.html|access-date=24 August 2016}}{{Cite web|last1=Santalucia|first1=Paola|last2=Winfield|first2=Nicole|title=6.2-magnitude earthquake rattles Rome, central Italy|newspaper=The Boston Globe|date=24 August 2016|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/news/world/2016/08/23/magnitude-earthquake-reported-italy/FNAiqlxupNvEHFFUW4M8nN/story.html|access-date=24 August 2016}}

The discrepancies between the different estimates of the magnitude led INGV to explain in a blog post that they use a crustal velocity model specifically calibrated for Italy and give more weight to the seismometric stations situated close to the epicentre. Using global models, INGV further stated that it can reproduce the values reported by foreign agencies.

{{As of|2016|8|30}}, the initial earthquake was followed by at least 2,500 aftershocks.{{cite news|title=Terremoto: fino a questo momento più di 2500 scosse dopo quella principale|url=http://www.meteoweb.eu/2016/08/terremoto-fino-a-questo-momento-piu-di-2500-scosse-dopo-quella-principale/736225/|newspaper=meteoweb.eu|trans-title=Earthquake, up to now more than 2500 aftershocks after the main one|language=it|access-date=31 August 2016}} The tremor and a number of aftershocks were felt across the whole of central Italy (from Rimini to Naples), including Rome, Florence and Bologna.{{Cite news|last1=Palazzo|first1=Chiara|last2=Graham|first2=Chris|last3=Squires|first3=Nick|title=Italy quake: 6.4 magnitude tremor rocks heart of the country|newspaper=The Telegraph|location=United Kingdom|date=24 August 2016|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/08/24/italy-quake-64-magnitude-tremor-rocks-perugia|access-date=24 August 2016}}

The local school was the first place to be repaired and reopened to the public on 15 September 2016.{{citation needed|date=July 2021}}

File:2016 Central Italy earthquake (magnitude).svg

Date	≥6.0	5.0–5.9	4.0–4.9	3.0–3.9	2.0–2.9	1.0–1.9	≤0.9	Total
class="wikitable" style="text-align: right;" \|+ Number of earthquakes by magnitude{{cite web\|title=Earthquake list\|publisher=National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology\|url=http://cnt.rm.ingv.it/en/events}} [http://webservices.rm.ingv.it/fdsnws/event/1/query?starttime=2016-08-24T00%3A00%3A00&endtime=2016-08-25T23%3A59%3A59&minmag=0&maxmag=10&mindepth=0&maxdepth=1000&minversion=100&orderby=time-asc&lat=42.71&lon=13.24&maxradiuskm=30&format=text&limit=4000 Data]
align="left"\|24 Aug	1	1	7	83	214	46	0	352
align="left"\|25 Aug	0	0	2	8	228	233	1	472
align="left"\|26 Aug	0	0	1	14	190	178	2	385
align="left"\|27 Aug	0	0	1	9	130	330	6	476
align="left"\|28 Aug	0	0	1	9	86	351	6	453
align="left"\|29 Aug	0	0	0	5	71	268	8	352
align="left"\|30 Aug	0	0	0	4	69	308	22	403
align="left"\|31 Aug	0	0	0	9	53	355	22	439

class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;" \|+ Earthquakes with a magnitude of 4.0 or higher ! class="unsortable" rowspan="2" \|Date ! class="unsortable" rowspan="2" \|Local time (CEST) ! rowspan="2" \| Moment magnitude ! rowspan="2" \| Hypocenter depth ! colspan="3" \| Epicenter
Municipality ! Latitude ! Longitude
style="background-color: lightblue;" \|style="font-weight:bold"\| 24 August 2016 \| 03:36:32{{cite web\|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us10006g7d#executive\|title=M6.2 – 10 km SE of Norcia, Italy}} \| 6.2 \| {{convert\|10\|km\|abbr=on}} \| Norcia \| 42.71 \| 13.17
24 August 2016 \| 03:56:02{{cite web\|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us10006g7j#executive\|title=M4.6 – 10 km W of Amatrice, Italy}} \| 4.6 \| {{convert\|10\|km\|abbr=on}} \| Amatrice \| 42.61 \| 13.28
style="background-color: lightblue;" \| 24 August 2016 \| 04:33:29{{cite web\|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us10006g7w#executive\|title=M5.5 – 4 km NE of Norcia, Italy}} \| 5.5 \| {{convert\|10\|km\|abbr=on}} \| Norcia \| 42.79 \| 13.15
24 August 2016 \| 04:59:35{{cite web\|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us10006g84#executive\|title=M4.1 – 2 km NNE of Norcia, Italy}} \| 4.3 \| {{convert\|9\|km\|abbr=on}} \| Norcia \| 42.80 \| 13.14
24 August 2016 \| 05:40:11{{cite web\|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us10006g8a#executive\|title=M4.3 – 4 km W of Amatrice, Italy}} \| 4.3 \| {{convert\|10.7\|km\|abbr=on}} \| Amatrice \| 42.62 \| 13.25
24 August 2016 \| 06:06:53{{cite web\|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us10006g8k#executive\|title=M4.5 – 4 km NNE of Cascia, Italy}} \| 4.4 \| {{convert\|10\|km\|abbr=on}} \| Cascia \| 42.75 \| 13.03
24 August 2016 \| 13:50:31{{cite web\|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us10006gee#executive\|title=M4.9 – 5 km SSE of Visso, Italy}} \| 4.9 \| {{convert\|10\|km\|abbr=on}} \| Visso \| 42.87 \| 13.11
24 August 2016 \| 13:50:57{{cite web\|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us10006g7m#executive\|title=M4.1 – 1 km ENE of Amatrice, Italy}} \| 4.1 \| {{convert\|8\|km\|abbr=on}} \| Arquata del Tronto \| 42.82 \| 13.15
24 August 2016 \| 19:46:09{{cite web\|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us10006gmi#executive\|title=M4.6 – 10 km WSW of Arquata del Tronto, Italy}} \| 4.6 \| {{convert\|10\|km\|abbr=on}} \| Arquata del Tronto \| 42.72 \| 13.19
style="font-weight:bold"\| 25 August 2016 \| 01:22:06{{cite web\|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us20006tu8#executive\|title=M4.3 – 10 km ESE of Maltignano, Italy}} \| 4.1 \| {{convert\|7.3\|km\|abbr=on}} \| Maltignano \| 42.67 \| 13.14
25 August 2016 \| 05:17:16{{cite web\|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us20006trj#executive\|title=M4.7 – 7 km E of Norcia, Italy}} \| 4.7 \| {{convert\|10\|km\|abbr=on}} \| Norcia \| 42.78 \| 13.18
25 August 2016 \| 05:36:07 \| 4.3 \| {{convert\|10\|km\|abbr=on}} \| Maltignano \| 42.65 \| 13.16
style="font-weight:bold"\| 26 August 2016 \| 06:28:27{{cite web\|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us20006u4g#executive\|title=M4.7 – 5 km NW of Amatrice, Italy}} \| 4.7 \| {{convert\|10\|km\|abbr=on}} \| Amatrice \| 42.66 \| 13.25
style="font-weight:bold"\| 27 August 2016 \| 04:50:59{{cite web\|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us20006ufy#executive\|title=M4.2 – 6 km NE of Norcia, Italy}} \| 4.2 \| {{convert\|12.2\|km\|abbr=on}} \| Norcia \| 42.83 \| 13.15
28 August 2016 \| 15:07:34{{cite web\|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us20006ut2#executive\|title=M4.3 – 5 km NW of Amatrice, Italy}} \| 4.3 \| {{convert\|11.7\|km\|abbr=on}} \| Amatrice \| 42.66 \| 13.24
28 August 2016 \| 17:55:36{{cite web\|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us20006utk#executive\|title=M4.6 – 4 km E of Norcia, Italy}} \| 4.6 \| {{convert\|5.7\|km\|abbr=on}} \| Norcia \| 42.78 \| 13.15
28 August 2016 \| 18:42:02 \| 4.3 \| {{convert\|10\|km\|abbr=on}} \| Visso \| 42.86 \| 13.03

class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"

|+ Earthquakes with a magnitude of 4.0 or higher

! class="unsortable" rowspan="2" |Date

! class="unsortable" rowspan="2" |Local time
(CEST)

! rowspan="2" | Moment
magnitude

! rowspan="2" | Hypocenter
depth

! colspan="3" | Epicenter

Municipality

! Latitude

! Longitude

style="background-color: lightblue;"

|style="font-weight:bold"| 24 August 2016

| 03:36:32{{cite web|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us10006g7d#executive|title=M6.2 – 10 km SE of Norcia, Italy}}

| 6.2

| {{convert|10|km|abbr=on}}

| Norcia

| 42.71

| 13.17

24 August 2016

| 03:56:02{{cite web|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us10006g7j#executive|title=M4.6 – 10 km W of Amatrice, Italy}}

| 4.6

| {{convert|10|km|abbr=on}}

| Amatrice

| 42.61

| 13.28

style="background-color: lightblue;"

| 24 August 2016

| 04:33:29{{cite web|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us10006g7w#executive|title=M5.5 – 4 km NE of Norcia, Italy}}

| 5.5

| {{convert|10|km|abbr=on}}

| Norcia

| 42.79

| 13.15

24 August 2016

| 04:59:35{{cite web|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us10006g84#executive|title=M4.1 – 2 km NNE of Norcia, Italy}}

| 4.3

| {{convert|9|km|abbr=on}}

| Norcia

| 42.80

| 13.14

24 August 2016

| 05:40:11{{cite web|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us10006g8a#executive|title=M4.3 – 4 km W of Amatrice, Italy}}

| 4.3

| {{convert|10.7|km|abbr=on}}

| Amatrice

| 42.62

| 13.25

24 August 2016

| 06:06:53{{cite web|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us10006g8k#executive|title=M4.5 – 4 km NNE of Cascia, Italy}}

| 4.4

| {{convert|10|km|abbr=on}}

| Cascia

| 42.75

| 13.03

24 August 2016

| 13:50:31{{cite web|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us10006gee#executive|title=M4.9 – 5 km SSE of Visso, Italy}}

| 4.9

| {{convert|10|km|abbr=on}}

| Visso

| 42.87

| 13.11

24 August 2016

| 13:50:57{{cite web|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us10006g7m#executive|title=M4.1 – 1 km ENE of Amatrice, Italy}}

| 4.1

| {{convert|8|km|abbr=on}}

| Arquata del Tronto

| 42.82

| 13.15

24 August 2016

| 19:46:09{{cite web|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us10006gmi#executive|title=M4.6 – 10 km WSW of Arquata del Tronto, Italy}}

| 4.6

| {{convert|10|km|abbr=on}}

| Arquata del Tronto

| 42.72

| 13.19

style="font-weight:bold"| 25 August 2016

| 01:22:06{{cite web|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us20006tu8#executive|title=M4.3 – 10 km ESE of Maltignano, Italy}}

| 4.1

| {{convert|7.3|km|abbr=on}}

| Maltignano

| 42.67

| 13.14

25 August 2016

| 05:17:16{{cite web|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us20006trj#executive|title=M4.7 – 7 km E of Norcia, Italy}}

| 4.7

| {{convert|10|km|abbr=on}}

| Norcia

| 42.78

| 13.18

25 August 2016

| 05:36:07

| 4.3

| {{convert|10|km|abbr=on}}

| Maltignano

| 42.65

| 13.16

style="font-weight:bold"| 26 August 2016

| 06:28:27{{cite web|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us20006u4g#executive|title=M4.7 – 5 km NW of Amatrice, Italy}}

| 4.7

| {{convert|10|km|abbr=on}}

| Amatrice

| 42.66

| 13.25

style="font-weight:bold"| 27 August 2016

| 04:50:59{{cite web|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us20006ufy#executive|title=M4.2 – 6 km NE of Norcia, Italy}}

| 4.2

| {{convert|12.2|km|abbr=on}}

| Norcia

| 42.83

| 13.15

28 August 2016

| 15:07:34{{cite web|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us20006ut2#executive|title=M4.3 – 5 km NW of Amatrice, Italy}}

| 4.3

| {{convert|11.7|km|abbr=on}}

| Amatrice

| 42.66

| 13.24

28 August 2016

| 17:55:36{{cite web|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us20006utk#executive|title=M4.6 – 4 km E of Norcia, Italy}}

| 4.6

| {{convert|5.7|km|abbr=on}}

| Norcia

| 42.78

| 13.15

28 August 2016

| 18:42:02

| 4.3

| {{convert|10|km|abbr=on}}

| Visso

| 42.86

| 13.03

Casualties and rescue work

class="wikitable floatright" style="margin-right:1em"
+ Nationalities of victims
style="text-align:left; width:160px" \| Nationality ! style="text-align:center;" \| Dead ! style="text-align:center;" \| Injured
style="text-align:left;" \|{{flagu\|Italy}}{{Cite web\|date=26 August 2016\|title=L'elenco delle vittime riconosciute pubblicato dalle prefetture di Rieti e Ascoli Piceno\|url=http://www.corriere.it/cronache/16_agosto_26/elenco-vittime-riconosciute-pubblicato-prefetture-rieti-ascoli-piceno-4ae998be-6bbc-11e6-8bdd-2a860cc068c8.shtml\|access-date=13 February 2023\|website=Corriere della Sera\|language=it}} \|{{nts\|280}} \|{{nts\|376}}
style="text-align:left;" \|{{flagu\|Romania}}[https://www.balcanicaucaso.org/aree/Romania/Terremoto-anche-la-Romania-piange-173893\|titolo=Terremoto: anche la Romania piange]{{Cite web\|last=romaniainsider\|date=29 August 2016\|title=Eleven Romanians die in Italy earthquake\|url=https://www.romania-insider.com/eleven-romanians-die-italy-earthquake\|access-date=13 February 2023\|website=Romania Insider}} \|{{nts\|11}} \|{{nts\|6}}
style="text-align:left;" \|{{flagu\|United Kingdom}}{{Cite news\|date=25 August 2016\|title=Italy earthquake: At least three Britons killed, official says\|publisher=BBC News\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-37189566\|access-date=13 February 2023}} \|{{nts\|3}} \|{{nts\|2}}
style="text-align:left;" \|{{flagu\|Albania}}{{Cite web\|title=Chi sono le vittime del terremoto in Centro Italia – Panorama\|url=https://www.panorama.it/news/terremoto-italia-centrale-chi-sono-vittime\|access-date=13 February 2023\|website=panorama.it\|language=it}} \|{{nts\|1}} \|{{nts\|7}}One of the injured had dual Macedonian–Albanian nationality
style="text-align:left;" \|{{flagu\|El Salvador}}[https://www.laprensagrafica.com/departamento15/Salvadorena-muere-en-terremoto-en-Italia-su-hijo-fue-rescatado-con-vida-20160825-0064.html Salvadoreña muere en terremoto en Italia; su hijo fue rescatado con vida] \|{{nts\|1}} \|{{nts\|1}}
style="text-align:left;" \|{{flagu\|Canada}}[https://www.macleans.ca/news/dion-canadian-killed-italy-earthquake/ Canadian among those killed in Italian earthquake] \|{{nts\|1}} \|{{nts\|1}}
style="text-align:left;" \|{{flagu\|Afghanistan\|2013}}{{cite news\|title=Terremoto, Sayed non ce l'ha fatta Individuato cadavere del rifugiato afgano: il fratello attendeva da giorni\|date=5 September 2016\|url=http://www.corriere.it/cronache/16_settembre_05/terremoto-morto-disperso-afgano-sayed-febd9816-7339-11e6-8697-4ca4df3f7e63.shtml}} \|{{nts\|1}} \|
style="text-align:left;" \|{{flagu\|Spain}}{{Cite web\|date=25 August 2016\|title=La española fallecida en el terremoto de Italia es una joven de Granada\|url=https://www.europapress.es/nacional/noticia-confirman-muerte-mujer-espanola-terremoto-italia-20160825100521.html\|access-date=13 February 2023\|publisher=Europa Press}} \|{{nts\|1}} \|
style="text-align:left;" \|{{flagu\|United States}} \| - \|{{nts\|2}}
style="text-align:left;" \|{{flagu\|North Macedonia}} \| - \|{{nts\|1}}

class="wikitable floatright" style="margin-right:1em"

+ Nationalities of victims

style="text-align:left; width:160px" | Nationality

! style="text-align:center;" | Dead

! style="text-align:center;" | Injured

style="text-align:left;" |{{flagu|Italy}}{{Cite web|date=26 August 2016|title=L'elenco delle vittime riconosciute pubblicato dalle prefetture di Rieti e Ascoli Piceno|url=http://www.corriere.it/cronache/16_agosto_26/elenco-vittime-riconosciute-pubblicato-prefetture-rieti-ascoli-piceno-4ae998be-6bbc-11e6-8bdd-2a860cc068c8.shtml|access-date=13 February 2023|website=Corriere della Sera|language=it}}

|{{nts|280}}

|{{nts|376}}

style="text-align:left;" |{{flagu|Romania}}[https://www.balcanicaucaso.org/aree/Romania/Terremoto-anche-la-Romania-piange-173893|titolo=Terremoto: anche la Romania piange]{{Cite web|last=romaniainsider|date=29 August 2016|title=Eleven Romanians die in Italy earthquake|url=https://www.romania-insider.com/eleven-romanians-die-italy-earthquake|access-date=13 February 2023|website=Romania Insider}}

|{{nts|11}}

|{{nts|6}}

style="text-align:left;" |{{flagu|United Kingdom}}{{Cite news|date=25 August 2016|title=Italy earthquake: At least three Britons killed, official says|publisher=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-37189566|access-date=13 February 2023}}

|{{nts|3}}

|{{nts|2}}

style="text-align:left;" |{{flagu|Albania}}{{Cite web|title=Chi sono le vittime del terremoto in Centro Italia – Panorama|url=https://www.panorama.it/news/terremoto-italia-centrale-chi-sono-vittime|access-date=13 February 2023|website=panorama.it|language=it}}

|{{nts|1}}

|{{nts|7}}One of the injured had dual Macedonian–Albanian nationality

style="text-align:left;" |{{flagu|El Salvador}}[https://www.laprensagrafica.com/departamento15/Salvadorena-muere-en-terremoto-en-Italia-su-hijo-fue-rescatado-con-vida-20160825-0064.html Salvadoreña muere en terremoto en Italia; su hijo fue rescatado con vida]

|{{nts|1}}

style="text-align:left;" |{{flagu|Canada}}[https://www.macleans.ca/news/dion-canadian-killed-italy-earthquake/ Canadian among those killed in Italian earthquake]

|{{nts|1}}

style="text-align:left;" |{{flagu|Afghanistan|2013}}{{cite news|title=Terremoto, Sayed non ce l'ha fatta Individuato cadavere del rifugiato afgano: il fratello attendeva da giorni|date=5 September 2016|url=http://www.corriere.it/cronache/16_settembre_05/terremoto-morto-disperso-afgano-sayed-febd9816-7339-11e6-8697-4ca4df3f7e63.shtml}}

|{{nts|1}}

style="text-align:left;" |{{flagu|Spain}}{{Cite web|date=25 August 2016|title=La española fallecida en el terremoto de Italia es una joven de Granada|url=https://www.europapress.es/nacional/noticia-confirman-muerte-mujer-espanola-terremoto-italia-20160825100521.html|access-date=13 February 2023|publisher=Europa Press}}

|{{nts|1}}

style="text-align:left;" |{{flagu|United States}}

| -

|{{nts|2}}

style="text-align:left;" |{{flagu|North Macedonia}}

| -

|{{nts|1}}

{{As of|2016|8|26}}, the official figures of the Protezione Civile report that the earthquake caused the death of 297 people: 234 in Amatrice, 11 in Accumoli and 49 in Arquata del Tronto.[http://www.protezionecivile.gov.it/jcms/it/view_com.wp?contentId=COM58731 "Terremoto Centro Italia: aggiornamento del numero di vittime, feriti e popolazione assistita"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827194051/http://www.protezionecivile.gov.it/jcms/it/view_com.wp?contentId=COM58731 |date=27 August 2016 }}, Protezione Civile, 26 August 2016. At least 365 injured had to be treated in hospitals, mainly in Rieti and Ascoli Piceno, while people with less serious injuries were treated on the spot.[http://www.protezionecivile.gov.it/jcms/it/view_com.wp?contentId=COM58709 "Terremoto Centro Italia: aggiornamento del numero di vittime e feriti"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826195545/http://www.protezionecivile.gov.it/jcms/it/view_com.wp?contentId=COM58709 |date=26 August 2016 }}, Protezione Civile, 25 August 2016.

In addition to those rescued with the help of other inhabitants or escaped by themselves, 238 people were pulled alive from the rubble by the timely intervention of the authorities, 215 by the Vigili del Fuoco and 23 by the Soccorso Alpino.{{Cite web|last=Piccolillo|first=Beatrice Montini, Virginia|date=26 August 2016|title=Terremoto, 281 morti e 388 i feriti Amatrice decimata: 221 le sue vittime 2.500 le persone senza una casa|url=http://www.corriere.it/cronache/16_agosto_26/terremoto-terra-trema-ancora-nuova-bilancio-vittime-6d999598-6b4a-11e6-8bdd-2a860cc068c8.shtml|access-date=13 February 2023|website=Corriere della Sera|language=it}}{{cite web|title=Terremoto, Alfano: "I Vigili del Fuoco e il sistema della sicurezza hanno garantito un'azione pronta di recupero e di salvataggio di tante persone"|publisher=Ministry of Interior of Italy|url=http://www.interno.gov.it/it/sala-stampa/comunicati-stampa/terremoto-alfano-i-vigili-fuoco-e-sistema-sicurezza-hanno-garantito-unazione-pronta-recupero-e-salvataggio-tante-persone|date=25 August 2016}}

Approximately 2,100 people found shelter at emergency camps. Approximately 4,400 people were involved in the search and rescue operations, including 70 teams with rescue dogs. Logistics made use of 12 helicopters, with nine more on stand-by.[http://www.protezionecivile.gov.it/jcms/it/view_com.wp?facetNode_1=f1_1&prevPage=comunicati_stampa&facetNode_2=terremoto_centro_italia_2016&contentId=COM58694 Terremoto Italia centrale: le forze in campo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160828190720/http://www.protezionecivile.gov.it/jcms/it/view_com.wp?facetNode_1=f1_1&prevPage=comunicati_stampa&facetNode_2=terremoto_centro_italia_2016&contentId=COM58694 |date=28 August 2016 }}, Protezione Civile, 25 August 2016

The earthquake killed 280 Italians, 11 Romanians, and several others. The complete list is seen to the right.

Damage

File:2016 Amatrice earthquake.jpg

File:Terremoto centro Italia 2016 - Amatrice - farmacia (29033930040).jpg

File:Terremoto centro Italia 2016 - Rio (Amatrice) estrazione di un sopravvissuto (29321782115).jpg

Early reports indicated severe damage in the town of Amatrice, near the epicentre,{{Cite news|last1=Povoledo|first1=Elisabetta|last2=Mele|first2=Christopher|title=Large Earthquake Strikes Central Italy|newspaper=The New York Times|date=23 August 2016|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/24/world/europe/italy-earthquake-usgs.html|issn=0362-4331|access-date=28 August 2016}} and in Accumoli and Pescara del Tronto. Sergio Pirozzi, the mayor of Amatrice, stated that "Amatrice is not here anymore, half of the town is destroyed."{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/aug/24/strong-earthquake-hits-italy-with-people-reportedly-trapped-in-rubble|title=Mayor of Amatrice: 'the town isn't here any more' after strong earthquake|date=24 August 2016|last=Chrisafis|first=Angelique|work=The Guardian|access-date=24 August 2016}}{{Cite news|last=Lorenzi|first=Rossella|title=Italy Quake: Famous Village 'Isn't Here Any More'|website=Seeker.com|date=24 August 2016|url=http://www.seeker.com/italian-village-famous-for-pasta-dish-isnt-here-any-more-1984812436.html|access-date=28 August 2016}} Photos of the destruction depicted a massive pile of rubble in the town's centre with only a few structures still standing on the outskirts.{{cite news|title=Terremoto ad Amatrice, la distruzione vista dall'alto|language=it|trans-title=Earthquake at Amatrice, the destruction seen from above|newspaper=Corriere della Sera|url=http://www.corriere.it/foto-gallery/cronache/16_agosto_24/terremoto-ad-amatrice-distruzione-vista-dall-alto-e751883e-69f4-11e6-a553-980eec993d0e.shtml|access-date=28 August 2016}} It also cost an estimated economic loss between $1 billion to $11 billion.{{cite web|url=http://www.royalgazette.com/re-insurance/article/20160901/reinsurers-face-up-to-166m-italy-quake-loss|title=Reinsurers face up to $166m Italy quake loss|date=1 September 2016}}

= Cultural heritage =

In addition to the loss of human life, widespread destruction of cultural heritage is also reported.{{Cite news|last=Kennedy|first=Maev|title=Art experts fear serious earthquake damage to historic Italian buildings|newspaper=The Guardian|location=United Kingdom|date=24 August 2016|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/aug/24/art-experts-earthquake-damage-historic-italian-buildings-amatrice|issn=0261-3077|access-date=28 August 2016}}{{Cite news|last=Dichiarante|first=Anna|title=Terremoto nel centro Italia, i danni al patrimonio artistico|language=it|trans-title=Earthquake in Central Italy, the damage to heritage|newspaper=La Repubblica|date=24 August 2016|url=http://www.repubblica.it/cronaca/2016/08/24/news/terremoto_nel_centro_italia_i_danni_al_patrimonio_artistico-146561797|access-date=25 August 2016}}{{Cite news|title=Terremoto Centro Italia, chiese e monumenti storici danneggiati. Sopralluogo anche al Colosseo: "Tutto ok"|language=it|trans-title=Earthquake in Central Italy, churches and historical monuments damaged. Inspection also at the Coliseum: "Everything ok"|newspaper=Il Fatto Quotidiano|date=24 August 2016|url=http://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/2016/08/24/terremoto-centro-italia-chiese-e-monumenti-storici-danneggiati-sopralluogo-anche-al-colosseo-tutto-ok/2993874|access-date=28 August 2016}}

In Amatrice, the facade and rose window of the Church of Sant'Agostino were destroyed, and the museum dedicated to the painter Nicola Filotesio, student and companion of Raphael, collapsed. The earthquake also created cracks in the Baths of Caracalla in Rome. The earthquake was so broad that authorities made structural tests on the Colosseum as well, which was not damaged.

The Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi – a UNESCO World Heritage site with frescoes by Giotto and Cimabue that were partly destroyed by an earthquake in 1997 – was declared safe after an extensive survey by the head restorer.{{Cite news|url=http://theartnewspaper.com/news/assisi-basilica-declared-safe-after-earthquake-shakes-central-italy-|title=Assisi basilica declared safe after fatal earthquake strikes central Italy|last=McGivern|first=Hannah|date=24 August 2016|publisher=The Art Newspaper|access-date=27 August 2016}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/25/world/europe/amatrice-italy-earthquake.html|title=After Earthquake in Italy, 'Half the Town No Longer Exists'|last=Povoledo|first=Elisabetta|newspaper=The New York Times|date=24 August 2016|issn=0362-4331|access-date=28 August 2016}}

= Robot-assisted disaster response in Amatrice =

3D computer models were used to help damage assessment of the Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi and the Church of Sant'Agostino. The data for building the models was collected by robots deployed by the European project [http://www.tradr-project.eu/ TRADR]. Two ground robots and one drone were used inside the San Francesco Basilica, one drone was used inside the Sant'Agostino church, and two drones were used on the outside of both churches.{{Cite book|title=Deployment of Ground and Aerial Robots in Earthquake-Struck Amatrice in Italy (brief report). In: Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security and Rescue Robotics, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland, October 23–27, 2016|first1=Ivana|last1=Kruijff-Korbayová|first2=Luigi|last2=Freda|first3=Mario|last3=Gianni|first4=Valsamis|last4=Ntouskos|first5=Vaclav|last5=Hlavac|first6=Vladimir|last6=Kubelka|first7=Erik|last7=Zimmermann|first8=Hartmut|last8=Surmann|first9=Kresimir|last9=Dulic |first10=Wolfgang |last10=Rottner|first11=Emanuele|last11=Gissi|publisher=IEEE|year=2016|isbn=978-1-5090-4349-1|location=Lausanne, Switzerland|pages=278–279}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.tradr-project.eu/?p=1835|title=TRADR successfully deployed robot technology for disaster response in Amatrice|date=1 September 2016|website=TRADR Project|access-date=8 November 2016}}

Controversies

After the earthquake in Central Italy, the court of Rieti discovered that not all the buildings of those cities were constructed or renovated under the antiseismic law of 1974 in which it explained all the construction techniques of an earthquake resistant building. In fact, a family was killed that night by the rubble of a church that was not renovated under that law.{{cite news|title=Sisma, nel mirino della procura di Rieti appalti e collaudi: occhi puntati sul campanile killer|url=http://www.tgcom24.mediaset.it/cronaca/lazio/sisma-nel-mirino-della-procura-di-rieti-appalti-e-collaudi-occhi-puntati-sul-campanile-killer_3028167-201602a.shtml|newspaper=tgcom24|trans-title=Earthquake, the court of Rieti is concentrating on construction sites and tests, eyes on the bell tower killer|language=it|access-date=29 August 2016}} Similarly, the Romolo Capranica elementary school in Amatrice partially collapsed, even if in 2013 the town spent 160,000 euros in a seismic retrofit operation that improved the building's seismic resistance, but wasn't enough to comply with 2012 earthquake standards in Italy.{{cite news|title=Il crollo della scuola di Amatrice|url=http://www.ilpost.it/2016/08/29/il-crollo-della-scuola-di-amatrice/|newspaper=Il Post|trans-title=The collapse of the school in Amatrice|language=it}} The investigation is ongoing to discover the causes that allowed buildings to become reduced to rubble instead of sustaining damage attributed to buildings following anti-seismic regulations, especially Amatrice.

French satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo published a cartoon depicting Italian earthquake victims as pasta dishes, causing "shock and outrage."{{cite web|first1=James|last1=McAuley|first2=Jennifer|last2=Hassan|title=Charlie Hebdo's latest cartoon depicts Italian earthquake victims as pasta dishes|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2016/09/02/charlie-hebdos-latest-cartoon-depicts-italian-earthquake-victims-as-pasta-dishes/|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=4 September 2016|date=2 September 2016}} In response to the reaction of Italians unleashed on social networks, the cartoonist Coco pointed out with another cartoon on the official Facebook page of the magazine: "Italians ... it's not Charlie Hebdo who builds your houses, it's the Mafia!"{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/CharlieHebdoOfficiel/photos/a.106706332685847/1236792179677251/?type=3|title=The drawing of the day, by coco|via=Facebook|publisher=Charlie Hebdo|access-date=2 March 2019}} The French ambassador in Rome, in a statement, pointed out that the French Government's position on the Italian earthquake is not that expressed by Charlie Hebdo.{{cite web|title=French embassy disowns Charlie Hebdo cartoons|url=http://www.ansa.it/english/news/2016/09/02/french-embassy-disowns-charlie-hebdo-cartoons_d716f1a1-075e-4212-b087-c14f61678b84.html|website=ANSA|date=2 September 2016|access-date=5 September 2016}}

October 2016 and January 2017 earthquakes

{{main|October 2016 Central Italy earthquakes|January 2017 Central Italy earthquakes}}

A magnitude 6.1 intraplate earthquake struck Italy {{convert|3|km|mi}} west of Visso on 26 October at 9:18 p.m. local time. The earthquake, initially considered an aftershock of the magnitude 6.2 earthquake in August, struck about {{convert|30|km|mi}} to the northwest of the August earthquake.{{cite web|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us1000725y|title=M6.1 – 2 km NNW of Visso, Italy|publisher=United States Geological Survey|date=26 October 2016|access-date=26 October 2016}} The civil protection, however, estimated the consequences less dramatically than feared. According to official data, a man died because he had suffered a heart attack as a result of the quake.{{Cite news|url=http://www.t-online.de/nachrichten/panorama/katastrophen/id_79379280/erdbeben-in-italien-ein-toter-ausmass-aktuell-noch-unklar.html|title=Ein Toter nach schweren Erdbeben in Mittelitalien|newspaper=t-online.de|access-date=27 October 2016}} On 30 October, an earthquake larger than the 24 August shock struck Norcia with a USGS moment magnitude of 6.6.{{cite web|title=M6.6 – 6 km N of Norcia, Italy|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us1000731j|publisher=United States Geological Survey|access-date=30 October 2016|date=30 October 2016}}

A magnitude 5.3 earthquake struck 25 km northwest of L'Aquila on 18 January at 10:25 local time at a depth of 9 km.{{cite web|url=http://www.emsc-csem.org/Earthquake/earthquake.php?id=560763|title=Earthquake, Magnitude 5.3 – CENTRAL ITALY – 2017 January 18, 09:25:40 UTC|access-date=18 January 2017}} A stronger, 5.7 tremor hit the same epicentral area at 11:14 local time.{{cite web|url=http://www.emsc-csem.org/Earthquake/earthquake.php?id=560781|title=Earthquake, Magnitude 5.7 – CENTRAL ITALY – 2017 January 18, 10:14:10 UTC|access-date=18 January 2017}} A third earthquake of preliminary magnitude of 5.6 struck 11 minutes later.{{cite web|url=http://www.emsc-csem.org/Earthquake/earthquake.php?id=560787|title=Earthquake, Magnitude 5.6 – CENTRAL ITALY – 2017 January 18, 10:25:25 UTC|access-date=18 January 2017}} At 14:33 local time, the fourth tremor of a magnitude 5.2 was registered.{{cite web|url=http://www.emsc-csem.org/Earthquake/earthquake.php?id=560908|title=Earthquake, Magnitude 5.2 – CENTRAL ITALY – 2017 January 18, 13:33:37 UTC|access-date=18 January 2017}} These earthquakes were followed by multiple aftershocks.

File:2016 Central Italy earthquake wide.svg

Maps

File:2016 Central Italy earthquake aftershock distribution.svg

{{center|Aftershock distribution map, 24–25 August.
Red: Main shock, Orange: 4.0–5.9, Blue: 3.0–3.9, Light blue: 0–2.9}}

References

External links

{{Commons category-inline|2016 Central Italy earthquake}}
Euronews: [http://www.euronews.com/2016/08/24/italy-s-worst-earthquakes Italy's worst earthquake]
{{EQ-isc-link|611462212}}
[https://emergency.copernicus.eu/EMSR177 EMSR177: Earthquake in Central Italy (reference and damage grading maps)] – Copernicus Emergency Management Service

Central Italy earthquake

Category:2016 disasters in Italy

Category:21st century in Abruzzo

Category:21st century in Lazio

Category:August 2016 in Italy

2016-08

Central Italy earthquake

Category:Colosseum

Category:Amatrice