Austin Flint II
{{Short description|American physician}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2022}}
{{Infobox person
| image = Austin Flint (1836–1915).jpg
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1836|03|28}}
| birth_place = Northampton, Massachusetts, US
| death_date = {{death-date and age|September 21, 1915|March 28, 1836}}
| death_place = Manhattan, New York City, US
| occupation = Physician
| education = University of Louisville
Harvard Medical School
Jefferson Medical College
| parents = Austin Flint I
Anne Balch Skillings
| spouse = {{marriage|Elizabeth B. McMaster|December 23, 1862}}
| children = 4
| signature = Signature of Austin Flint II (1836–1915).png
}}
Austin Flint II (March 28, 1836 – September 21, 1915) was an American physician. He carried out extensive experimental investigations in human physiology and made several important discoveries. He assisted in establishing the glycogenic function of the liver; showed that one of the functions of the liver is to separate from the blood the cholesterin, which is a product of the nervous system. This becomes a constituent of the bile, and is afterward converted into what he named "stercorin" (better known as coprosterol), the odorous principle of feces.
Early life
He was born on March 28, 1836, in Northampton, Massachusetts, to Austin Flint I (1812–1886), who helped found Bellevue Hospital,{{cite news |title=A Great Physician Dead; Dr. Austin Flint a Victim of Cerebral Apoplexy. Stricken down Friday Night, He Dies After Fourteen Hours' Unconsciousness--His Life and Works. |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/12124276/times-obit-of-austin-flint-sr/ |access-date=2022-03-22 |newspaper=The New York Times |page=2 |date=14 March 1886 |via=Newspapers.com}} and Anne Balch Skillings (1814–1894).{{cite news |title=American Tribute to Keats.; First Memorial to the Poet on British Soil Erected by Foreigners. |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/98151198/american-tribute-to-keats/ |access-date=2022-03-22 |newspaper=The New York Times |page=8 |date=15 July 1894 |via=Newspapers.com}} His younger sister was Susan Willard Flint (1838–1869), who married Brevet Major C. Grover.{{cite book|last1=Kelly|first1=Howard Atwood|last2=Burrage|first2=Walter Lincoln|title=American Medical Biographies|date=1920|publisher=Norman, Remington Company|pages=[https://archive.org/details/americanmedicalb1920kell/page/394 394]–396|url=https://archive.org/details/americanmedicalb1920kell|access-date=19 December 2017|language=en}} His aunts included Mrs. Susan Willard Jewett and Mrs. Elizabeth Henshaw Thiverick.{{cite news |title=The Will of Dr. Flint.|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/98151299/the-will-of-dr-flint/ |access-date=2022-03-22 |newspaper=The New York Times |page=8 |date=20 March 1886 |via=Newspapers.com}}
He attended medical lectures at the University of Louisville from 1854 to 1856 and one year at Harvard Medical School before graduating from Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia in 1857. Flint was one of six generations of physicians spanning from 1733 to 1955.
Career
From 1857 to 1859, he was editor of the Buffalo Medical Journal, surgeon of Buffalo City Hospital, and professor of physiology and microscopical anatomy in the University at Buffalo.{{cite web|title=Flint, Austin (1836-1915), physiologist, forensic psychiatrist, and specialist in mental disorders |url=http://www.anb.org/view/10.1093/anb/9780198606697.001.0001/anb-9780198606697-e-1200288|work=American National Biography|year=2000|publisher= Oxford University Press|access-date=19 December 2017|language=en|doi=10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1200288|last1=Scott|first1=Bill|isbn=978-0-19-860669-7}} In 1859, he removed to New York City with his father and was appointed professor of physiology in New York Medical College. He was professor of physiology in the New Orleans Medical College in 1860 and studied in Europe in 1860 and 1861.
He was professor of physiology and microscopic anatomy in Bellevue Hospital Medical College, New York City, from 1861 till that institution was consolidated with the medical department of New York University in 1898, when he was appointed professor of physiology in Cornell University Medical College.{{cite book|last1=McArdle|first1=William D.|last2=Katch|first2=Frank I.|last3=Katch|first3=Victor L.|title=Exercise Physiology: Nutrition, Energy, and Human Performance|date=2010|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=9780781797818|page=39|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XOyjZX0Wxw4C&pg=PR39|access-date=19 December 2017|language=en}}
He was, in 1874, Surgeon General of New York.{{cite book|last1=Gardiner|first1=Charles Fox|title=Doctor at Timberline: True Tales, Travails, and Triumphs of a Pioneer Colorado Physician|date=2008|publisher=Pikes Peak Library District|isbn=9781567352542|page=26|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8kilikkvcgMC&pg=PR26|access-date=19 December 2017|language=en}} He was a member of the executive committee of the New York Prison Association in 1890. He was decorated with the order of Bolivar (third class) of Venezuela in 1891. Flint was president of the New York State Medical Association in 1895; president of the Medical Association of the Greater City of New York in 1899.{{cite web|last1=Echols|first1=Michael|title=Austin Flint, Jr., M.D.|url=http://www.medicalantiques.com/civilwar/Medical_Authors_Faculty/Flint_Austin_jr.htm|website=www.medicalantiques.com|access-date=19 December 2017}}
He was a member of the following scientific organizations: The American Medical Association; the New York County Medical Association; the American Academy of Medicine (honorary) ; Association of Military Surgeons of the United States; American Association for the Advancement of Science; the Academy of Science, and the American Medico-Psychological Association, of which he became a member in 1899. He was also a member of the Century Association of New York.{{cite book|author=Hurd, Henry Mills|title=The institutional care of the insane in the United States and Canada (1917)|volume=4|display-authors=etal}}
Personal life
Flint was married at Ballston, New York, on December 23, 1862, to Elizabeth B. McMaster. They had four children, one of whom, also named Austin Flint III, was the fifth in direct line of physicians in the Flint family.
He died on September 21, 1915, in Manhattan, New York City.{{cite news |title=Dr. Austin Flint |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Austin_Flint_II_obituary_in_the_New_York_Times_on_September_23,_1915.pdf |newspaper=The New York Times |page=12 |date=September 23, 1915 |access-date=2022-03-22 |via=Wikimedia Commons}}
Publications
His principal works are:{{cite book|last1=Otis|first1=Laura|title=Literature and Science in the Nineteenth Century: An Anthology|date=2009|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780199554652|page=558|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b8YUDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA558|access-date=19 December 2017|language=en}}{{cite book|last1=Seldin|first1=Donald W.|last2=Giebisch|first2=Gerhard H.|title=Diuretic Agents: Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology|date=1997|publisher=Academic Press|isbn=9780080530468|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VHcsrw6unuAC&pg=PA17|language=en}}
- [http://resource.nlm.nih.gov/101178846 Experimental Researches into a New Excretory Function of the Liver (1862)]
- The Physiology of Man (fourth edition, 1888)
- Chemical Examinations of Urine in Diseases (six editions, 1870–1884)
- Effects of Severe and Protracted Muscular Exercises (1871)
- Source of Muscular Power (1878)
- Text-Book of Human Physiology (1875)
- Experiments Regarding a New Function of the Liver, Separating the Cholesterin of the Blood and Eliminating it as Stercorin (1862)
- The Physiology of the Nervous System (1872)
- Mechanism of Reflex Nervous Action in Normal Respiration (1874)
- The Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus (1884)
- Chemical Examination of the Urine in Disease (1893)
- Stercorin and Cholesterœmia (1897)
- Handbook of Physiology (1905)
Terms
- Flint's arcade — an arteriovenous arch at the base of the renal pyramids.
::Dorland's Medical Dictionary (1938)
References
{{commons category|Austin Flint II}}
Notes
{{reflist|30em}}
Sources
- {{NIE}}
- {{Source-attribution|{{cite book|author=Hurd, Henry Mills, 1843–1927, ed; Drewry, William Francis, 1860–; Dewey, Richard Smith, 1845–1933.; Pilgrim, Charles Winfield, 1855–; Blumer, G. Alder (George Alder), 1857–1940; Burgess, Thomas Joseph Workman, 1849–|title=The institutional care of the insane in the United States and Canada (1917)}}}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Flint, Austin}}
Category:American hepatologists
Category:New York University faculty
Category:New York Medical College faculty
Category:Thomas Jefferson University alumni
Category:University of Louisville alumni
Category:University at Buffalo faculty
Category:Tulane University faculty
Category:American science writers
Category:People from Northampton, Massachusetts
Category:Physicians from New York City