Australian heraldry
{{Short description|Australian coats of arms and other heraldic achievements}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2022}}
{{Use Australian English|date=May 2022}}
{{Infobox herald
|image = Coat of Arms of Australia.svg
|image_size = 150px
|caption = Commonwealth Coat of Arms
|tradition = Gallo-British
|jurisdiction =
|authority = Disputed
|officername =
|officertitle =
|formerofficers =
|formerofficeN =
|formerofficerN =
}}
Australian heraldry is the style and tradition of using armorial achievements, sometimes known as coats of arms, and other heraldic bearings and insignia in Australia. It largely follows the Gallo-British tradition of heraldry also followed in England, Scotland, Ireland, Canada and New Zealand.
Heraldic authority
Australia does not have its own heraldic authority which grants or records arms, though the College of Arms in London claims to be "the official heraldic authority" for Australia and much of the Commonwealth.{{cite web |url= https://www.college-of-arms.gov.uk/ |title= The College of Arms |publisher= College of Arms |access-date= 16 April 2022 |archive-date= 11 April 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220411142217/https://www.college-of-arms.gov.uk/ |url-status= live }} The College's Garter Principal King of Arms is mentioned in the ordinances of the Order of Australia.{{Cite web |title=Insignia Ordinance - Order of Australia - As made |url=https://www.legislation.gov.au/C2010Q00080/asmade/text |website=Federal Registrar of Legislation |at=section 16}} However, the College's authority is disputed by the Australian Heraldry Society.{{cite web |title=Australian Heraldic Authority |url=https://www.heraldryaustralia.org/heraldic-authority |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220308014038/http://www.heraldryaustralia.org/heraldic-authority |archive-date=8 March 2022 |access-date=29 April 2022 |publisher=The Australian Heraldry Society Incorporated}}
The Australian Heraldry Society argues that the heraldic authority for Australia is vested in the King of Australia, who can delegate that authority to whomever they choose. In response to questions submitted by the Society, on 7 February 2018 prime minister Malcolm Turnbull stated:{{cite Hansard|title=QUESTIONS IN WRITING - College of Arms (Question No. 806)|jurisdiction=Commonwealth of Australia|house=House of Representatives|date=7 February 2018|column=|speaker=Malcolm Turnbull|position=Prime Minister}}
{{Blockquote|text=I am advised by the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet that ... the practice of the College of Arms in England granting armorial bearings to Australians is well established as one way Australians can obtain heraldic insignia if they wish to do so. There is nothing preventing any person or organisation from commissioning a local artist, graphics studio or heraldry specialist to design and produce a coat of arms or identifying symbol. Those arms would have the same standing and authority in Australia as arms prepared by the College of Arms in England.}}
Grants of heraldic arms to Australian residents or institutions may be made, depending on their eligibility, by the English College of Arms, Scottish Court of the Lord Lyon, Chief Herald of Ireland, Chief Herald of Canada, State Herald of South Africa or the various authorities in Spain, Belgium, Russia or other places.{{cite web |title=Your Own Coat of Arms |url=https://www.heraldryaustralia.org/your-arms |publisher=The Australian Heraldry Society Incorporated |access-date=29 April 2022 |archive-date=7 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107133134/http://heraldryaustralia.org/your-arms |url-status=live }}
Coats of arms
The heraldry of Australia has added indigenous Australian animals to the existing heraldic bestiary, along with native plants and occasionally traditional motifs of Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders.
=National arms=
{{main|Coat of arms of Australia}}
File:Coat of Arms of Australia.svg|Coat of arms of Australia (1912–present){{cite web |title=Commonwealth Coat of Arms |url=https://www.pmc.gov.au/honours-and-symbols/commonwealth-coat-arms |website=www.pmc.gov.au |publisher=Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet |access-date=18 February 2023}}
File:Shield of arms of Australia.svg|Coat of arms of Australia (1912–present), escutcheon only
File:Coat of arms of Australia (1908–1912).svg| Coat of arms of Australia (1908–1912)
=Arms of states and territories=
File:Coat of Arms of New South Wales.svg|Coat of arms of New South Wales{{cite web |title=The State of New South Wales |url=https://www.heraldryaustralia.org/ahr-vol-003-reg-004 |website=www.heraldryaustralia.org |publisher=The Australian Heraldry Society |access-date=27 June 2022 |language=en-gb}}
File:Coat of Arms of Victoria.svg|Coat of arms of Victoria{{cite web |title=The State of Victoria |url=https://www.heraldryaustralia.org/ahr-vol-003-reg-005 |website=www.heraldryaustralia.org |publisher=The Australian Heraldry Society |access-date=27 June 2022 |language=en-gb}}
File:Coat of Arms of Queensland.svg|Coat of arms of Queensland{{cite news |title=The State of Queensland |url=https://www.heraldryaustralia.org/ahr-vol-003-reg-003 |website=www.heraldryaustralia.org |publisher=The Australian Heraldry Society |access-date=27 June 2022 |language=en-gb|last1=Sugget |first1=Thomas }}
File:Coat of arms of South Australia.svg|Coat of arms of South Australia{{cite web |title=The State of South Australia |url=https://www.heraldryaustralia.org/ahr-vol-003-reg-012 |website=www.heraldryaustralia.org |publisher=The Australian Heraldry Society |access-date=27 June 2022 |language=en-gb}}
File:Coat of arms of Western Australia.svg|Coat of arms of Western Australia{{cite web |title=The State of Western Australia |url=https://www.heraldryaustralia.org/ahr-vol-003-reg-009 |website=www.heraldryaustralia.org |publisher=The Australian Heraldry Society |access-date=27 June 2022 |language=en-gb}}
File:Coat of arms of Tasmania.svg|Coat of arms of Tasmania{{cite web |title=The State of Tasmania |url=https://www.heraldryaustralia.org/ahr-vol-003-reg-006 |website=www.heraldryaustralia.org |publisher=The Australian Heraldry Society |access-date=27 June 2022 |language=en-gb}}
File:Coat of arms of the Northern Territory.svg|Coat of arms of the Northern Territory{{cite web |title=The Northern Territory |url=https://www.heraldryaustralia.org/ahr-vol-003-reg-010 |website=www.heraldryaustralia.org |publisher=The Australian Heraldry Society |access-date=27 June 2022 |language=en-gb}}
File:Coat of arms of Norfolk Island.svg|Coat of arms of Norfolk Island{{cite web |title=Norfolk Island |url=https://www.heraldryaustralia.org/ahr-vol-003-reg-011 |website=www.heraldryaustralia.org |publisher=The Australian Heraldry Society |access-date=27 June 2022 |language=en-gb}}
=Civic arms=
File:Sydney - COA.svg|Coat of arms of Sydney{{cite web |title=Symbols of the city |url=https://www.cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au/history/symbols-city |website=www.cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au |date=4 December 2012 |publisher=City of Sydney |access-date=18 February 2023 |language=en}}
File:Coat of Arms of Melbourne.svg|Coat of arms of Melbourne{{cite web |title=Coat of arms - City of Melbourne |url=https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/about-melbourne/melbourne-heritage/history/Pages/coat-of-arms.aspx |website=www.melbourne.vic.gov.au |publisher=City of Melbourne |access-date=18 February 2023 |language=en-AU}}
File:CoA of Brisbane.svg|Coat of arms of Brisbane{{cite web |title=Symbols used by Council |url=https://www.brisbane.qld.gov.au/about-council/council-information-and-rates/council-history/symbols-used-by-council |website=www.brisbane.qld.gov.au |publisher=Brisbane City Council |access-date=18 February 2023 |language=en}}
File:COA Adelaida.svg|Coat of arms of Adelaide{{cite web |title=History |url=http://www.adelaidecitycouncil.com/scripts/nc.dll?ADCC:STANDARD::pc=PC_01_07#arms |website=www.adelaidecitycouncil.com |publisher=Adelaide City Council |access-date=18 February 2023 |date=31 July 2011| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110731173652/http://www.adelaidecitycouncil.com/scripts/nc.dll?ADCC:STANDARD::pc=PC_01_07#arms | archive-date=31 July 2011 }}
File:Perth COA.gif|Coat of arms of Perth{{cite web |title=History of the Council |url=https://perth.wa.gov.au/council/about-council/history-of-the-council |website=perth.wa.gov.au |publisher=City of Perth |access-date=18 February 2023 |language=en}}
File:Coat of Arms of the City of Hobart.svg|Coat of arms of Hobart{{cite web |title=Hobart Coat of Arms |url=https://www.hobartcity.com.au/Council/About-Council/Hobart-Coat-of-Arms |website=www.hobartcity.com.au |publisher=City of Hobart |access-date=18 February 2023 |language=en-AU}}
File:Coat of Arms of the Australian Capital Territory.svg|Coat of arms of Canberra,{{cite web |title=ACT Flags and Emblems |url=https://www.cmtedd.act.gov.au/communication/flags |website=www.cmtedd.act.gov.au |publisher=ACT Government |access-date=18 February 2023 |language=en |date=24 November 2022}} also used as the coat of arms of the ACT{{cite web |title=The Australian Capital Territory |url=https://www.heraldryaustralia.org/ahr-vol-003-reg-007 |website=www.heraldryaustralia.org |publisher=The Australian Heraldry Society |access-date=27 June 2022 |language=en-gb}}
File:Coat of arms of Darwin.svg|Coat of arms of Darwin{{cite web |title=Council overview |url=http://www.darwin.nt.gov.au/aboutcouncil/council_overview/overview.htm#thecoatofarms |website=www.darwin.nt.gov.au |publisher=Darwin City Council |access-date=18 February 2023 |date=3 July 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090703082621/http://www.darwin.nt.gov.au/aboutcouncil/council_overview/overview.htm#thecoatofarms |archive-date=3 July 2009 }}
File:Launceston Town Hall Coat of Arms.JPG|Coat of arms of Launceston, Tasmania{{cite web |title=Coat of Arms |url=http://www.launceston.tas.gov.au/subsector.php?id=1283 |website=www.launceston.tas.gov.au |publisher=Launceston City Council |access-date=18 February 2023 |date=22 July 2008| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080722054429/http://www.launceston.tas.gov.au/subsector.php?id=1283 | archive-date=22 July 2008 }}{{cite web |title=LAUNCESTON'S COAT OF ARMS:: WHAT IT REPRESENTS |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/52096020 |website=trove.nla.gov.au |publisher=The Examiner |access-date=18 February 2023 |date=25 August 1936}}
File:Wagga Wagga Coat of Arms.jpg|Coat of arms of Wagga Wagga, New South Wales{{cite web |title=Our History |url=https://wagga.nsw.gov.au/community/about-wagga-wagga/our-history |website=wagga.nsw.gov.au |publisher=Wagga Wagga City Council |access-date=18 February 2023 |date=31 March 2021}}
=Personal arms=
{{See also|Armorial of the governors-general of Australia}}
File:Coat of Arms of Ninian Martin Stephen.svg|Coat of arms of former governor-general Sir Ninian Stephen
File:Paul Hasluck Arms.svg|Shield of the coat of arms of former governor-general Sir Paul Hasluck
File:Coat of Arms of Richard Casey, Baron Casey, KG, GCMG, CH, DSO, MC, PC.png|Shield of the coat of arms of former governor-general Lord Richard Casey
File:Arms of Sir Robert Gordon Menzies.svg|Shield of the coat of arms of prime minister Sir Robert Menzies
=Corporate/Institutional arms=
File:Arms of Monash University.svg|Coat of arms of Monash University{{cite web |title=Monash University Calendar 1964 |url=http://www.adm.monash.edu.au/records-archives/assets/docs/pdf/university-calendar/1964-calendar-part-1.pdf |website=www.adm.monash.edu.au |publisher=Monash University |access-date=18 February 2023 |date=3 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160103005646/http://www.adm.monash.edu.au/records-archives/assets/docs/pdf/university-calendar/1964-calendar-part-1.pdf |archive-date=3 January 2016 }}
File:Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Arms.svg|Coat of arms of ANZ{{cite web |title=Report to Shareholders 1990 |url=https://www.anz.com/content/dam/anzcom/shareholder/1990AnnualReport.pdf |website=www.anz.com |publisher=ANZ |access-date=18 February 2023}}{{cite web |title=70 years since the formation of the "modern ANZ" |url=https://news.anz.com/posts/2021/10/anz-70-year-anniversary-bank-australasia-union-history?mboxid=session%23e24729e89f6f49e8b939d190148a0920%231676730578%7CPC%23e24729e89f6f49e8b939d190148a0920.36_0%231739973503&adobe_mc=MCMID%3D68106639426697021723415392358531972422%7CMCORGID%3D67A216D751E567B20A490D4C%2540AdobeOrg%7CTS%3D1676728717 |website=news.anz.com |publisher=ANZ |access-date=18 February 2023 |language=en}}
File:Coat of arms of the Bank of New South Wales.svg|Coat of arms of the Bank of New South Wales{{cite web |title=A BANK'S NEW EMBLEM. |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/32360935 |website=trove.nla.gov.au |publisher=The West Australian |access-date=18 February 2023 |date=27 July 1931}}
File:David Jones Limited Arms.svg|Coat of arms of David Jones Limited
File:CPA Australia Arms.svg|Coat of arms of CPA Australia
Badges
File:Badge of the Governor-General of Australia (Tudor Crown).svg|Badge of the Governor-General of Australia
File:Badge of the Royal Australian Navy.svg|Badge of the Royal Australian Navy
File:Badge of New South Wales.svg|Badge of New South Wales
File:Badge of Victoria (traditional).svg|Badge of Victoria
File:Badge of Queensland.svg|Badge of Queensland
File:Badge of South Australia.svg|Badge of South Australia
File:Badge of South Australia (1876–1904).svg|Badge of South Australia (1876–1904)
File:Badge of Western Australia.svg|Badge of Western Australia
File:Badge of Tasmania.svg|Badge of Tasmania
File:Badge of the Northern Territory.svg|Badge of the Northern Territory
Heraldry Society
The Australian Heraldry Society was founded in Melbourne in 1992, originally as Heraldry Australia before changing its name in 2008. The society has its roots in the Australian branch of The Heraldry Society of England, which was established in Melbourne in 1973.
The object of the society is "to promote the advancement of education in the science, art, history, practice and development of heraldry and allied subjects and the encouragement of their study and practice in Australia". They produce a bi-monthly newsletter, called The Red Escutcheon, and a triannual journal, called Heraldry in Australia.{{cite web |title=About Us |url=https://www.heraldryaustralia.org/about-us |publisher=The Australian Heraldry Society Incorporated |access-date=29 April 2022}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{portal|Australia|Heraldry}}
- [https://www.heraldryaustralia.org/ The Australian Heraldry Society]
- [https://www.college-of-arms.gov.uk/ The College of Arms]
- [https://www.heraldry-wiki.com/heraldrywiki/wiki/Australia Australian heraldry] on Heraldry of the World
{{Coats of arms of Australia}}
{{Coats of arms of Oceania}}
{{Heraldry by country}}