Baliḫu
{{Short description|Iron Age town on the Euphrates in modern-day Syria}}
Baliḫu, also known as Ba-li-ihA. Kuhrt, The Persian Empire: A Corpus of Sources from the Achaemenid Period (Routledge, 2013) [https://books.google.com/books?id=bb7eH1LHRcAC&q=Balihu+&pg=PA30 p. 30].E A Speiser, Mesopitanian Origines (Philadelphia, 1930) p. 151. and Balaṭ-šarrani,[http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ctij/cbd/qpn/qpn.x002384.html balihu at oracc.upenn.edu] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170318002625/http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ctij/cbd/qpn/qpn.x002384.html |date=2017-03-18 }}. is an ancient Iron Age town on the Euphrates in northern Syria.
According to the Harran Census tablets (SAA XI 122–45), the city was located in the Balikh River Basin.Trevor Bryce, The Routledge Handbook of the Peoples and Places of Ancient Western Asia (Taylor & Francis, 2009 ) [https://books.google.com/books?id=QD9GrxiILH8C&dq=Balihu++Assyria&pg=PA111 p. 111].Gershon Galil, The Lower Stratum Families in the Neo-Assyrian Period (BRILL, 2007) p. 28. The ruins of the town are believed by some to be at Tell Abyad (Arabic: تل أبيض,) on the Syria–Turkey border.
History
The town is mentioned in a chronicle of Aššur-uballit II, known as Chronicle 3,[https://www.livius.org/sources/content/mesopotamian-chronicles-content/abc-3-fall-of-nineveh-chronicle/? Chronicle Concerning the Fall of Nineveh] at livis.com. which states that the Battle of Nineveh between Babylonian and Assyrian armies in the month Âbu{{Broken anchor|date=2024-07-29|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=Babylonian calendar#Âbu|reason= }} the king of Akkad and his army went upstream to Mane, Sahiri and Bali-hu. He plundered them, sacked them extensively and abducted their gods.A.K. Grayson, Assyrian and Babylonian chronicles (1975)Bill T. Arnold, Bryan E. Beyer, Readings from the Ancient Near East: Primary Sources for Old Testament Study (Baker Academic, 2002) p. 156.
It may have been a semi independent kingdom, though this is controversial and a governor of the city is known for 814 BC.{{cite book|author=Edward Lipiński|title=The Aramaeans: Their Ancient History, Culture, Religion|year=2000|publisher=Peeters Publishers|isbn=978-90-429-0859-8|pages=122|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rrMKKtiBBI4C&pg=PA122}} Shalmaneser III claims that in 853, he advanced on the city and that the inhabitants fearful of his approach assassinated their overlord Giammu and surrendered. At some time latter in the rule of Shalamaneser, a general Belu-lu-balat, claimed to be gorvenor of the town.Trevor Bryce, The Routledge Handbook of the Peoples and Places of Ancient Western Asia (Taylor & Francis, 2009) p. 785.
References
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