Bandar Lampung

Bandar Lampung is the capital city of Lampung Province. Before it was named Bandar Lampung, this city was named Tanjung Karang–Teluk Betung. It was a combination of the two twin cities of Tanjung Karang and Teluk Betung; the two twin cities were previously part of South Lampung Regency. This naming is because the city of Bandar Lampung consisted of the city of Tanjung Karang and the city of Teluk Betung. In 1982, there was an expansion of the territory with the inclusion of three new districts{{cite web | url=https://lampung.bpk.go.id/kota-bandar-lampung/#:~:text=Kota%20Bandar%20Lampung%20adalah%20ibukota,bagian%20dari%20Kabupaten%20Lampung%20Selatan. | title=Kota Bandar Lampung | BPK Perwakilan Provinsi LAMPUNG }}{{cite web | url=https://lampung.suara.com/read/2021/08/15/114533/sejarah-kota-bandar-lampung-dimulai-dari-telukbetung-dan-tanjungkarang?page=all#:~:text=Asal%20Nama%20Bandar%20Lampung,ini%20bernama%20Kotamadya%20Tanjungkarang%2DTelukbetung.&text=Penamaan%20ini%20karena%20saat%20itu,dengan%20masuknya%20tiga%20kecamatan%20baru. | title=Sejarah Kota Bandar Lampung, Dimulai dari Telukbetung dan Tanjungkarang | date=15 August 2021 }}

A report by the Banten regent William Craft to Governor-General Cornelis Speelman states that, on the basis of a description provided by Pangeran Aria Dipati Ningrat on 17 June 1682, "Lampung-Telokbetong at the edge of the sea is the seat of power of a Dipati Temenggung Nata Negara, with power over three thousand people". This date would later be adopted by the city administration as its official founding date.

File:Coat of Arms of Lampung (1920s).svg

File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Plein met kantoren in Teloekbetoeng de Lampongsche Districten op Zuid-Sumatra. TMnr 60013127.jpg

Under the Dutch colonial administration, 1912 Staatsblad 462 codified the city as being part and parcel of the Onderafdeling Telokbetong, composed of present-day Teluk Betung and its environs. The Onderafdeling's capital was Tanjung Karang, while Teluk Betung itself served as the seat of government for the Karesidenan Lampung.{{Cite web|title=PORTAL Berita Resmi Pemerintahan Kota Bandar Lampung|url=https://bandarlampungkota.go.id/new/sejarah.html|access-date=3 June 2020|website=bandarlampungkota.go.id}}

Bandar Lampung, formerly Tanjungkarang-Telukbetung, the capital of Lampung Province, Indonesia, lies at the head of Lampung Bay on the south coast of the island of Sumatra. Bandar Lampung was created in the 1980s from the amalgamation of the former provincial capital, Tanjungkarang, with the port of Telukbetung. The city's cottage industries include metalworking, hand-weaving, and pottery and tile making. With air, road, and rail connections. Bandar Lampung is the chief port and transportation center for the surrounding agricultural area, which produces rubber, tea, coffee, and pepper for export.{{cite web | url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Bandar-Lampung | title=Bandar Lampung | Indonesia | Britannica }}

During the Japanese colonial era, present-day Bandar Lampung was administered as a city, led by a Japanese mayor, who was assisted by an Indonesian deputy mayor (副市長, fuku-shicho).

After Indonesian independence in 1945, Tanjung Karang and Teluk Betung initially fell under the jurisdiction of South Lampung Regency, until a 1948 law consolidated the two and elevated them to independent city status.

File:Peta Lokasi Kecamatan Kota Bandarlampung.svg

At the time of the 2010 census, the city of Bandar Lampung was divided into thirteen administrative districts (Indonesian: kecamatan), but subsequently seven additional districts were created by the splitting of existing districts, bringing the total to twenty districts. The new districts are Bumi Waras, Enggal, Kedamaian, Labuhan Ratu, Langkapura, Teluk Betung Timur (East Teluk Betung) and Way Halim.

The twenty districts are tabulated below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 censusBiro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. and the 2020 census;Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. together with the official estimates as of mid 2023.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, Kota Bandar Lampung Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.1871) The table also includes the location of the district administrative centres, the number of administrative villages (all classed as urban kelurahan) in each district and its postal codes.

Note: (a) the 2010 population of this new district is included in the figures for the district(s) from which it was separated.

{{Bar box

|title=Ethnicities of Bandar LampungSensus Penduduk 2010

|left1=Ethnic group

|right1=Percentage

|float=right

|bars=

{{Bar percent|Javanese|#800000|40.68}}

{{Bar percent|Lampungese|#e6ac00|15.84}}

{{Bar percent|Sundanese|#446600|12.00}}

{{bar percent|Palembangese|DarkViolet|10.34}}

{{bar percent|Bantenese|Magenta|7.79}}

{{Bar percent|Chinese|#f90008|3.38}}

{{Bar percent|Minangkabau|#808000|3.36}}

{{Bar percent|Batak|#FFA07A|2.29}}

{{Bar percent|Others|Black|4.32}}

}}

Bandar Lampung is the fourth-largest city in the region of Sumatra, after Medan, Palembang and Batam. The city's population of 790,057 in 2005; 881,801 in 2010,Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. 977,686 in 2015 and 1,166,066 in 2020;Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. the official estimate as of mid-2023 was 1,100,109, giving a drop of over 100,000 from the figure for the previous year.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, Kota Bandar Lampung Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.1871)

The dominant ethnic groups in Bandar Lampung are Javanese, primarily composed of the descendants of people transported from Java in the early 20th century by the Dutch and the transmigration program of the New Order regime. The Lampungese are natives of the city, having lived as peddlers and fishermen in the outskirts of the city. The other major ethnic groups are Sundanese and Bantenese who originate from across the strait. This city is the largest population of Sundanese and Bantenese outside of West Java who have lived since the Banten Sultanate era. Chinese and Minangkabau who each amount to around 3.3% of the city's population are mostly concentrated around the city center and near the markets.

Bandar Lampung has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy rainfall year-round. Rain gets noticeably heavier from November to April.

{{Weather box

|location = Bandar Lampung

|metric first = yes

|single line = yes

|collapsed = yes

|Jan high C = 30.3

|Feb high C = 31.0

|Mar high C = 31.6

|Apr high C = 32.0

|May high C = 31.9

|Jun high C = 31.7

|Jul high C = 31.3

|Aug high C = 31.4

|Sep high C = 31.4

|Oct high C = 32.0

|Nov high C = 32.0

|Dec high C = 31.1

|Jan mean C = 26.4

|Feb mean C = 26.7

|Mar mean C = 27.2

|Apr mean C = 27.3

|May mean C = 27.2

|Jun mean C = 26.8

|Jul mean C = 26.6

|Aug mean C = 26.6

|Sep mean C = 26.7

|Oct mean C = 27.2

|Nov mean C = 27.3

|Dec mean C = 26.9

|Jan low C = 22.6

|Feb low C = 22.5

|Mar low C = 22.8

|Apr low C = 22.7

|May low C = 22.5

|Jun low C = 22.0

|Jul low C = 21.9

|Aug low C = 21.8

|Sep low C = 22.1

|Oct low C = 22.4

|Nov low C = 22.7

|Dec low C = 22.7

|precipitation colour =

|Jan precipitation mm= 280

|Feb precipitation mm= 281

|Mar precipitation mm= 255

|Apr precipitation mm= 175

|May precipitation mm= 135

|Jun precipitation mm= 119

|Jul precipitation mm= 100

|Aug precipitation mm= 121

|Sep precipitation mm= 118

|Oct precipitation mm= 139

|Nov precipitation mm= 149

|Dec precipitation mm= 250

|year precipitation mm=

|source ={{Cite web|url=https://en.climate-data.org/asia/indonesia/lampung/lampung-town-4812/|title=Lampung Town climate: Average Temperature, weather by month, Lampung Town weather averages - Climate-Data.org|website=en.climate-data.org}}

}}

File:Radin Inten 2 Airport.jpg

Bandar Lampung is served by Radin Inten II Airport (TKG), in the neighbouring county of South Lampung. The airport can be accessed by public transportation, such as bus and mini bus.

Bandar Lampung has several road transportation alternatives. The most popular is a minibus called angkot, an abbreviation from Angkutan Kota (literally translated as 'City Transportation'). They serve routes throughout the city, operated privately and cheaply. Usually, an angkot covers some area between Tanjung Karang (the heart of Bandar Lampung) and an urban area. Currently, routes covered are Tanjung Karang – Garuntang, Tanjung Karang – Teluk Betung, Tanjung Karang – Rajabasa, Tanjung Karang – Sukarame, Tanjung Karang – Langkapura and more.

Bandarlampung Transportation Office has announced that in October 2011 it will serve two of the seven routes planned by bus rapid transit—the Rajabasa-Sukaraja and Sukaraja-Korpri housing complexes in Sukarame.{{cite web |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/09/22/bandarlampung-unveil-brt-passenger-friendly-transport.html |title=Bandarlampung to unveil BRT as passenger-friendly transport |date=22 September 2011}}

File:Stasiun Tanjung Karang September 2015.JPG

Tanjung Karang Station in Bandar Lampung is the terminus of the railway service from Palembang, although the railway track continues all the way until Panjang harbor and Tarahan coal offloading point. There are many express trains connecting Bandar Lampung and Palembang, including the Limex Sriwijaya and Rajabasa Express.

The oldest newspaper in the Lampung region is Lampung Post, part of Media Group. Several other newspapers, such as Tribun Lampung and Radar Lampung are also available.

The privately owned Radar Lampung TV and Tegar TV are the local TV stations based in Bandar Lampung. The public TVRI Lampung also covers the city.

File:Bandar Lampung University.jpg, Campus A]]

File:Rektorat.jpg, Old Rectorate]]

In 2009, Bandar Lampung had a literacy rate of 94.3%,{{cite web|title=Angka Melek Huruf Penduduk berumur 15 tahun ke atas menurut Kabupaten/Kota 2005-2009|year=2010|access-date=3 July 2011|publisher=Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Lampung, Indonesia|url=http://lampung.bps.go.id/tabel/pendidikan1.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326122031/http://lampung.bps.go.id/tabel/pendidikan1.pdf|archive-date=26 March 2012|url-status=dead}} slightly increased from 2005, which was 93.5%. However, the high school participation rate kept decreasing, from 69.2% (2007) to 61.4% (2009).{{cite web|title=Angka Partisipasi Sekolah menurut Kabupaten/Kota|year=2010|access-date=3 July 2011|publisher=Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Lampung, Indonesia|url=http://lampung.bps.go.id/tabel/pendidikan3.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326122053/http://lampung.bps.go.id/tabel/pendidikan3.pdf|archive-date=26 March 2012|url-status=dead}} On the other hand, the high school participation rate in Indonesia rose from 54.6% in 2007 to 55.8% in 2010.{{cite web|title=Indikator Pendidikan Tahun 1994-2010|year=2010|access-date=3 July 2011|publisher=Badan Pusat Statistik|url=http://www.bps.go.id/tab_sub/view.php?tabel=1&daftar=1&id_subyek=28¬ab=1|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717162447/http://www.bps.go.id/tab_sub/view.php?tabel=1&daftar=1&id_subyek=28¬ab=1|archive-date=17 July 2011|url-status=dead}}

There are some notable high schools and universities in Bandar Lampung, such as SMP Negeri 2 Bandar Lampung (public), SMP Negeri 1 Bandar Lampung (public), SMA Negeri 2 Bandar Lampung (public, known as Smanda), SMA Negeri 9 Bandar Lampung (public, known as Smalan), SMA Negeri 1 Bandar Lampung (public, known as Smansa), SMA Al-Kautsar Bandar Lampung (private), SMA Fransiskus Bandar Lampung (private), SMP Xaverius 4 (private Catholic junior high school, locally known as Xaveway), SMA Xaverius Pahoman (a Catholic private school teaching students from middle school to high school, locally known as Xavepa), Lampung University (public, locally known as Unila), Bandar Lampung University (private, locally known as UBL: Universitas Bandar Lampung), Muhammadiyah University of Lampung (known as UML: Universitas Muhammadiyah Lampung and Malahayati University (private). In March 2011, Unila already had 70,866 alumni.{{cite web|title=WISUDA: Unila Lahirkan 1.403 Sarjana|date=16 March 2011|access-date=3 July 2011|publisher=Lampung Post|url=http://lampungpost.co.id/v4/pendidikan/1046-wisuda-unila-lahirkan-1403-sarjana.html}}{{Dead link|date=June 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

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Bandar Lampung is twinned with:

• {{flagicon|Indonesia}} Liwa, Indonesia
• {{flagicon|Malaysia}} Kuantan, Malaysia
• {{flagicon|Malaysia}} Ipoh, Malaysia
• {{flagicon|Malaysia}} Seberang Perai, Malaysia
• {{flagicon|Croatia}} Split, Croatia

• List of twin towns and sister cities in Indonesia
• Law

{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

{{Wikivoyage|Bandar Lampung}}

{{Commons category|Bandar Lampung}}

• [http://www.lampungprov.go.id/ Official Lampung Provincial Website (in Indonesian)]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20130505184532/http://bandarlampungkota.go.id/ Official Government Kota Bandar Lampung Website (in Indonesian)]
• [http://www.jubi-net.com/indonesia/1995/lpjalan.htm Trip to Bandar Lampung (in Japanese)]

{{Lampung}}

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