Bangkok Metropolitan Administration
{{Short description|Local government in Thailand}}
{{Infobox legislature
| background_color = #00744b
| name = Bangkok Metropolitan Administration
| native_name = {{nobold|กรุงเทพมหานคร}}
| coa_pic = Seal Bangkok Metropolitan Admin (green).svg
| coa_caption = Seal of the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration
| coa_res = 100px
| logo_pic = Flag of Bangkok.svg
| logo_caption = Flag of Bangkok
| logo_res = 200px
| logo_alt =
| house_type = Special local authority organisation
| jurisdiction = Bangkok
| houses =
| term_limits = Governor limited to 2 consecutive terms, third term must be 4 years after second term
| foundation = 13 December 1972
| preceded_by = Bangkok Municipality
| leader1_type =
| leader1 =
{{Infobox|child=yes
| header1 = Executive
| label2 = Governor of Bangkok
| data2 = Chadchart Sittipunt, Independent
Since 22 May 2022
| label3 = Deputy Governors of Bangkok
| data3 = {{ubl|Chakkapan Phewngam|Wisanu Subsompon|Tavida Kamolvej|Sanon Wangsrangboon}}Since 1 June 2022
| label4 = Permanent Secretary
| data4 = Wantanee Wattana
Since 1 October 2023
}}
{{Infobox|child=yes
| header1 = Legislative
| label2 = Chair
| data2 = Surachit Phongsinghvithya, Pheu Thai
Since 6 June 2024
| label3 = First Deputy Chair
| data3 = Viput Srivaurai, Pheu Thai
Since 6 June 2024
| label4 = Second Deputy Chair
| data4 = Chatchai Mordee, Move Forward
Since 6 June 2024
}}
| new_session =
| members = 1 Governor and 50 Councillors
| house1 = Governor of Bangkok
| house2 = Bangkok Metropolitan Council
| structure1 =
| structure1_res =
| political_groups1 =
| political_groups2 =
| committees1 =
| committees2 =
| joint_committees =
| term_length = Four years
| voting_system1 = First past the post, whole of Bangkok
| voting_system2 = First past the post, each district
| last_election1 = 22 May 2022
| last_election2 = 22 May 2022
| next_election1 = No later than 5 July 2026
| next_election2 = No later than 5 July 2026
| session_room =
| session_res =
| session_alt =
| meeting_place = Airawat Patthana Building
Second Bangkok City Hall
Din Daeng, Bangkok
| website = {{Official URL}}
| footnotes =
}}
The Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA) is the local government of Bangkok, which includes the capital of Thailand. The government is composed of two branches: the executive (or the Governor of Bangkok) and the legislative (or Bangkok Metropolitan Council). The administration's roles are to formulate and implement policies to manage Bangkok. Its purview includes transport services, urban planning, waste management, housing, roads and highways, security services, and the environment.{{cite web|title=General Responsibilities of BMA|url=http://www.bangkok.go.th/main/page.php?329|website=Bangkok Metropolitan Administration|access-date=31 October 2015|archive-date=23 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923182044/http://www.bangkok.go.th/main/page.php?329|url-status=dead}}
According to the Thailand Future Foundation, Bangkok employs a workforce of 97,000, including 3,200 municipal officers in Bangkok city, 200 in the city Law Enforcement Department, and 3,000 in district offices.{{cite news|last1=Sankam|first1=Visarut|title=Research reveals ugly side to Bangkok life|url=https://www.nationthailand.com/detail/national/30271979|access-date=31 October 2015|work=The Nation|date=2015-10-31}}{{cite web|title=งานแถลงผลการศึกษาเรื่อง"10 ข้อเท็จจริงชีวิตคนกรุงเทพ"|url=http://www.thailandfuturefoundation.org/th/events/detail.php?ID=353|website=Thailand Future Foundation|access-date=31 October 2015}}{{Dead link|date=June 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
Departments
{{Moresources | section|date=June 2024}}
File:Bangkok City Hall in December 2019.jpg
BMA has 65 departments in total, 50 of which are departments respective to the 50 districts of Bangkok. The rest consist of: Strategy and Planning Department, Finance Department, Bureau of the Budget, Public Works Department, Drainage and Sewerage Department, Department of Social Development, Department of Environment, Culture, Sports and Tourism Department, Health Department, Bangkok Educational Office, Traffic and Transport Department, Department of Planning and Urban Development, Office of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation and the Medical Services Department.
= Department of Law Enforcement =
City Law Enforcement Department is the primary unit for overseeing security and orderliness of Bangkok with more than 3,000 quality personnel.{{Cite web |url=http://www.prbangkok.com/th/board/view/MDY1cDBzNnM0NHIyb3Ezc3E2NnEyNDk0cDRyOTQzcjQ4NjcyMQ== |title=34 ปี วันสถาปนาเทศกิจ กรุงเทพมหานคร จริงจัง จริงใจ รับใช้ประชาชน |access-date=2019-12-14 |archive-date=2019-12-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214004415/http://www.prbangkok.com/th/board/view/MDY1cDBzNnM0NHIyb3Ezc3E2NnEyNDk0cDRyOTQzcjQ4NjcyMQ%3D%3D |url-status=dead }} Which has 5 important tasks which are to organize the city, Security, Traffic supervision, Tourism Administration and other special missions. Responsible for overseeing, investigating, arresting, prosecuting and enforcing Bangkok Metropolis regulations and other laws within the jurisdiction of Bangkok including operations beyond the authority of the district office or in the case of serious danger to most people.
= Department of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation =
The Department of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation operates the city's fire and rescue services. The Bangkok City Council reported in February 2018 that, of Bangkok's 874 fire trucks, only 88 were in "good" condition. Another 340 were rated "only just usable", 232 were "dilapidated", and 225 were parked permanently. Firefighting boats were found to be in roughly the same shape: three of 31 vessels were ranked in "good" condition and 21 were out of service and permanently docked. The BMA's firefighting unit has not been allocated a vehicle maintenance budget for nearly 10 years.{{cite news|last1=Wancharoen|first1=Supoj|title=Study reveals woeful state of fire dept|url=https://www.bangkokpost.com/news/general/1412283/study-reveals-woeful-state-of-fire-dept|access-date=15 February 2018|work=Bangkok Post|date=15 February 2018}} The BMA employs 1,800 firefighters {{asof|2018|lc=y}}.{{cite news|last1=Wancharoen|first1=Supoj|title=Battling through the blazes|url=https://www.bangkokpost.com/news/special-reports/1458694/battling-through-the-blazes|access-date=5 May 2018|work=Bangkok Post|date=5 May 2018}}
= Department of Medical Services =
The Department of Medical Services operates 11 hospitals and is headquartered at BMA General Hospital (Klang Hospital) in Pom Prap Sattru Phai District. Other hospitals include Taksin Hospital, Charoenkrung Pracharak Hospital, [http://www.srdhhospital.com/about_hos/history_hos.php Sirindhorn Hospital], Lat Krabang Hospital, Luang Pho Taweesak Hospital, Wetchakarunrasm Hospital, Ratchaphiphat Hospital, Khlong Sam Wa Hospital, Bang Na Hospital and the Bang Khun Thian Geriatric Hospital. The department also operates the Erawan Medical Centre for emergency medical services.
= Department of Planning and Urban Development =
The Department of Planning and Urban Development are divided to Secretarial Office, Town Planning Office, Urban Development and Renewal Office, Geo-Informatics Office, Town Planning Control Division, Policy and Planning Division. The department has a duty to planning of the city including planning for the development of specific areas, planning for conservation Rehabilitation and planning for urban development and also an agency for controlling, promoting and inspecting the use of land and buildings.[https://www.thairath.co.th/news/local/bangkok/1474843 ให้เปลี่ยนชื่อสำนักผังเมือง ชื่อใหม่สำนักการวางผังและพัฒนาเมือง-แถมปรับโครงสร้าง]
= Navamindradhiraj University =
{{Main|Navamindradhiraj University}}
BMA autonomously manages Navamindradhiraj University, of which the Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital and Kuakarun Faculty of Nursing are part.
= Krungthep Thanakom =
Krungthep Thanakom Company Limited is the BMA's holding company for public investment projects such as the concession for the BTS Skytrain and a 20 billion baht underground cable project.{{cite news |last1=Wancharoen |first1=Supoj |title=Resignations dim trust in Aswin |url=https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/1721223/resignations-dim-trust-in-aswin |access-date=30 July 2019 |work=Bangkok Post |date=30 July 2019}}{{cite news |title=Telecoms bosses lobby PM over Bangkok cables |url=https://www.nationthailand.com/national/30371883 |access-date=30 July 2019 |work=The Nation |date=27 June 2019}}
Budget
Bangkok's FY2024 budget totals ฿90,570,138,630. Most of the budget goes to civil construction and maintenance projects.
Governor of Bangkok
{{excerpt|Governor of Bangkok}}
Bangkok Metropolitan Council
{{main|Bangkok Metropolitan Council}}
{{Infobox legislature
| name = Bangkok Metropolitan Council
| native_name = สภากรุงเทพมหานคร
| transcription_name = Sapha Krung Thep Maha Nakhon
| coa_pic =
| coa_res =
| coa-pic =
| coa-res =
| house_type = City Council
| body =
| houses =
| leader1_type = Chairman of the Council
| leader1 = Surachit Phongsinghvithya
| party1 =Pheu Thai
| election1 = 6 June 2024
| leader2_type =
| leader2 =
| party2 =
| election2 =
| leader3_type =
| leader3 =
| party3 =
| members = 50 members
| voting_system1 =
| voting_system2 =
| last_election1 = 22 May 2022
| last_election2 =
| session_room =
| session_res =
| meeting_place = Bangkok City Hall
| website =http://www.bangkok.go.th/sbmc
}}
The Bangkok Metropolitan Council or BMC ({{langx|th|สภากรุงเทพมหานคร)}} is the legislative branch of the administration. It is vested with primary legislative powers as well as the power to scrutinize and advise the governor. The council is headed by the Chairman of the Bangkok Metropolitan Council ({{langx|th|ประธานสภากรุงเทพมหานคร)}}. The current chairman, since 2013, is Captain Kriangsak Lohachala.
The number of members depends on the size of Bangkok's population. One member represents one hundred thousand people. From 2010 to 2014 there were 61 members,{{cite web|title=Bangkok Metropolitan Council|url=http://www.bangkok.go.th/main/page.php?328|website=Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA)|access-date=21 April 2018|archive-date=23 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923182042/http://www.bangkok.go.th/main/page.php?328|url-status=dead}} elected from 57 constituencies (some constituencies elect more than one member) in Bangkok. Each is elected to a four-year term. The last election was held on 22 May 2022. Currently there are 50 members, with Pheu Thai making up 20 seats, Move Forward 14 seats, the Democrat Party 9 seats, Rak Krungthep 3 seats, Phalang Pracharat 2 seats and Thai Srang Thai another 2 seats.{{Cite web |title=สภากรุงเทพมหานคร |url=https://bmc.go.th/ |access-date=2022-06-11 |website=BMC |language=th}}
Criticism
The Bangkok Post has made the point that, although the city suffers from the "worst traffic congestion in the world after Mexico City", 37 disparate agencies are responsible for traffic management, planning, and infrastructure. It maintains that the city government panders to personal automobile use. As evidence, it points to the city's plans to construct four new bridges across the Chao Phraya River, its runaway air pollution, its lack of green space—less than that of any other Asian capital—and its "...obsession with felling trees along Bangkok streets."{{cite news|title=Big Problems in the City|url=https://www.bangkokpost.com/opinion/opinion/1449610/big-problems-in-the-city|access-date=21 April 2018|work=Bangkok Post|date=21 April 2018|department=Editorial}}
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [http://www.bangkok.go.th/ Bangkok Metropolitan Administration]
{{Bangkok elections}}
{{Khet Bangkok}}
{{Authority control}}