Bank Indonesia

{{Main|Bank of Java}}

King William I of the Netherlands granted the right to create a private bank in the Indies in 1826, which was named {{lang|nl|De Javasche Bank}}. It was founded on 24 January 1828 and later became the bank of issue of the Dutch East Indies. The bank regulated and issued the Netherlands Indies gulden.

In 1881, an office of the Bank of Java was opened in Amsterdam. Later followed the opening of an office in New York. By 1930 the bank owned sixteen office branches in the Dutch East Indies: Bandung, Cirebon, Semarang, Yogyakarta, Surakarta, Surabaya, Malang, Kediri, Banda Aceh, Medan, Padang, Palembang, Banjarmasin, Pontianak, Makassar, and Manado.

The Bank of Java was operated as a private bank and individuals as well as industries etc. could get help in the bank's offices.Dirk Teeuwen, no date. [http://www.indonesia-dutchcolonialheritage.nl/jakhistoricalsites/Hosp.pdf Javasche Bank, the Old Dutch City Hospital of Batavia-Jakarta and the Mandiri Bank Museum].

File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Kantoor van de Javasche Bank in Batavia TMnr 60047649.jpg|Head office of the Bank of Java in Batavia, now Museum Bank Indonesia in Jakarta

File:Keizersgracht 666-668, kantoorgebouw "De Javasche Bank" (1937-39).jpg|Keizersgracht 666-668, former office of the Bank of Java in Amsterdam

File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Kantoor van de Javasche Bank in Bandoeng TMnr 60016843.jpg|Branch of De Javasche Bank in Bandung, built in 1918; now a museum

Bank Indonesia was founded on 1 July 1953 from the nationalisation of De Javasche Bank, three years after the recognition of Indonesia's independence by Netherlands.

Brief useful notes on the history of Bank Indonesia for various periods since 1953 are on the Bank Indonesia website at "[https://www.bi.go.id/en/tentang-bi/museum/sejarah-bi/bi/Pages/historybi1.aspx History of Bank Indonesia Institution]". See also {{cite book | last1 = Cribb | first = Robert | last2 = Kahin | first2 = Audrey | name-list-style = amp | title = Historical Dictionary of Indonesia | edition = 2nd | publisher = Scarecrow Press | place = Lanham, MD | year = 2004 | pages = 45–46 | series = Historical dictionaries of Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East | isbn = 978-0-8108-4935-8}}

For the next 15 years, Bank Indonesia carried on commercial activities as well as acting as the nation's national bank and is in charge in issuing Indonesian rupiah currency. This came to an end with the Act No. 13 of 1968 on the Central Bank, transforming Bank Indonesia as a central bank.

The act was subsequently replaced by Act No. 23 of 1999, giving the bank independence from governmental control. Thereafter, the bank reported to the parliament (DPR) instead of the President, and the bank's governor was no longer a member of the cabinet.

The bank is led by the board of governors, comprising the governor, a senior deputy governor and at between four and seven deputy governors.

The governor and deputy governors serve a five-year term, and are eligible for re-election for a maximum of three terms.{{Cite web |title=Perry Warjiyo embarks on second term as BI governor |url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/business/2023/05/24/perry-warjiyo-embarks-on-second-term-as-bi-governor.html |access-date=2023-06-04 |website=The Jakarta Post |language=en}} The governor and senior deputy governor are nominated and appointed by the president, with approval from the DPR. Deputy governors are nominated by the governor and appointed by the president, with approval of the DPR. The president has no power to dismiss a member of the board, except when a board member voluntarily resigns, is permanently disabled, or is proven guilty of criminal offence. The senior deputy governor acts as governor in the case of the latter's office vacancy.

The Board of Governors Meeting is the bank's highest decision-making forum. It is held at least once a month to decide on general policy on monetary affairs, and at least once a week to evaluate policy implementation or to decide on other strategic and principle policy.{{citation needed|date=February 2024}}

The Bank is active in promoting financial inclusion policy and is a member of the Alliance for Financial Inclusion. It hosted AFI's second annual Global Policy Forum (GPF) in Bali, Indonesia in 2010.{{Cite web|url=http://www.afi-global.org/gpf/gpf-2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120220161822/http://www.afi-global.org/gpf/gpf-2010|archivedate=20 February 2012|title=GPF 2010 | AFI Global|date=20 February 2012|website=afi-global.org}} On 14 May 2012 Bank Indonesia announced it would be making specific commitments to financial inclusion under the Maya Declaration.{{citation needed|date=February 2024}}

By 30 December 2013, the bank's microprudential supervision functions will be transferred to Financial Services Authority (OJK). In the future, the bank will maintain Indonesian financial system and monetary stability through mixture of monetary and macroprudential instruments and policies. The Financial Services Authority institutive law (law n° 21 of 2011 enacted on 31 December 2012) followed the US$710 million baylout of Bank Century{{cite web|url=https://www.asiasentinel.com/p/indonesia-bank-century-mess-goes-global| title=Indonesia's Bank Century Mess Goes Global |author = John Berthelsen | date=November 12, 2015}} and the receivership 21 other national private banks.{{citation needed|date=January 2021}}

The Bank describes its strategic objectives as being:{{cite web|url=

http://www.bi.go.id/web/en/Tentang+BI/Misi+dan+Visi/|title=Mission and Vision|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080615010804/http://www.bi.go.id/web/en/Tentang+BI/Misi+dan+Visi |archivedate=15 June 2008|website=Bank Indonesia}}

1. Maintain monetary stability
2. Maintain the financial sustainability of the Bank of Indonesia
3. Strengthen the effectiveness of monetary management
4. Create a sound and effective banking system and financial system stability
5. Maintain the security and effectiveness of the payment system
6. Increase the effectiveness of Good Governance implementation
7. Strengthen the organisation and build highly competent human resources with the support of a knowledge-based work culture
8. Integrate the Bank of Indonesia's transformation in line with Bank Indonesia's destination statement of 2008

The aim is to integrate all Automated Teller Machines in ASEAN countries, beginning with integration first in each country. On 16 January 2012 interconnection between Bank Mandiri ATMs and Bank Central Asia ATMs (Prima ATMs) was launched.{{Cite web|url=https://www.beritasatu.com/ekonomi/26024/senin-atm-bca-dan-mandiri-resmi-terkoneksi|title=Senin, ATM BCA dan Mandiri Resmi Terkoneksi|website=beritasatu.com}}

Bank Indonesia Liquidity Support is an Indonesian government policy that was formulated with Bank Indonesia in the crisis period and executed by Bank Indonesia to rescue the monetary and banking system as well as the economy as a whole. It was partly based on the instruction and command of the President in the limited meeting of economic, finance, and development supervision and production and distribution on 3 September 1997.

This policy was provided under various emergency lending schemes (Fasilitas Diskonto I/Fasdis I, Fasdis II, Fasilitas SBPU, Fasilitas SBPUK, Fasilitas Diskonto Baru and Dana Talangan).

The Bank for International Settlements signed an agreement with Central Bank of Malaysia, Bank of Thailand, Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, Monetary Authority of Singapore, and the Reserve Bank of India on 30 June 2024 as founding member of Project Nexus, a multilateral international initiative to enable retail cross-border payments. Bank Indonesia involved as a special observer. The platform, which is expected to go live by 2026, will interlink domestic fast payment systems of the member countries.{{Cite web |last=Kawale |first=Ajinkya |date=1 July 2024 |title=RBI, four Asean countries tie up for cross-border payments platform |url=https://www.business-standard.com/finance/news/rbi-asean-countries-to-create-platform-for-retail-cross-border-payments-124070100585_1.html |access-date=2 July 2024 |website=Business Standard}}

BI operates 37 offices across Indonesia, and five representative offices in New York City, London, Tokyo, Singapore and Beijing. In addition, Bank Indonesia also operates several museums housed in the former De Javasche Bank office buildings, such as Jakarta (located in the former De Javasche Bank head office building in old Jakarta), Surabaya, and Padang.

Bank Indonesia have branches in almost all major cities of Indonesia.

File:Bank Indonesia in Medan.jpg|Bank Indonesia in Medan

File:Gedung BI Banjarmasin.jpg|Bank Indonesia in Banjarmasin

File:Bank Indonesia Solo 2009 Bennylin 13.jpg|Bank Indonesia in Surakarta

File:Bank Indonesia Yogyakarta.jpg|Bank Indonesia in Yogyakarta

File:Bank Indonesia Lama di Padang.JPG|Bank Indonesia in Padang

File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Kantoor van Bank Indonesia TMnr 10015484.jpg|Bank Indonesia in Palembang (1950s)

File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Het gemeentehuis en het kantoor van de Javasche Bank TMnr 10015457.jpg|Town Hall and Bank Indonesia in Medan (formerly De Javasche Bank)

File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Het kantoor van de Javasche Bank in Soerabaja TMnr 10015463.jpg|De Javasche Bank in Surabaya

File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM De Javasche Bank te Malang. TMnr 60005905.jpg|De Javasche Bank in Malang

File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Gebouw van de Javasche Bank in Koetaradja Noord-Sumatra. TMnr 60008371.jpg|De Javasche Bank in Banda Aceh

• {{flagicon|Singapore}} Singapore: 160 Robinson Road #28-05, SBF Center Singapore 068914.{{cite web|url=http://masnet.mas.gov.sg/fin/findir/SDWFIDIR.NSF/69af9793282a89864825635e00263a34/d25e4e24755a3007482565e9002af812?OpenDocument|title=MASNET|work=mas.gov.sg|access-date=7 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130801020323/http://masnet.mas.gov.sg/fin/findir/SDWFIDIR.NSF/69af9793282a89864825635e00263a34/d25e4e24755a3007482565e9002af812?OpenDocument|archive-date=1 August 2013|url-status=dead}}
• {{flagicon|UK}} London: 10 City Road, London EC 1Y 2EH.
• {{flagicon|Japan}} Tokyo: New Kokusai Building Room 906 No.4 - 1, Marunouchi 3 - Chome Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0005 Japan.
• {{flagicon|USA}} New York: 200 Vesey Street 25th Floor New York 10285.{{cite web|url=https://www.bi.go.id/en/tentang-bi/profil/organisasi/Pages/Kantor-Perwakilan-BI-New-York.aspx|work=bi.go.id|access-date=19 April 2023 |title=New York Bank Indonesia Representative Office }}
• {{flagicon|China}} Beijing: Fortune Financial Center Building Lt. 46, 5 Dongsanhuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020.

• J. Soedradjad Djiwandono. 2005. Bank Indonesia and the Crisis: An Insider's View. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. {{ISBN|978-981-230-308-0}}
• Miranda S. Goeltom. 2008. Essays in Macroeconomic Policy: The Indonesian Experience. Jakarta: PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama. {{ISBN|978-979-22-3339-1}}

{{portal|Indonesia}}

• Economy of Indonesia
• Indonesian rupiah
• List of banks in Indonesia
• Payment system
• Real-time gross settlement
• Netherlands Trading Company
• Nederlandsch-Indische Handelsbank
• List of central banks

{{Reflist|colwidth=40em}}

• [http://www.bi.go.id Bank Indonesia official website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201211103511/https://www.bi.go.id/ |date=11 December 2020 }}

{{Economy of Indonesia}}

{{Banks in Indonesia}}

{{Central banks}}

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Indonesia

Category:Banks established in 1953

Category:Financial regulatory authorities of Indonesia

Category:Indonesian companies established in 1953