Barretina
{{Short description|Traditional hat worn by men in the Christian cultures of the Mediterranean Sea}}
A barretina ({{IPA|ca|bərəˈtinə}}; plural: barretines, diminutive of barret "cap") is a traditional hat that was frequently worn by men in parts of the Christian cultures of the Mediterranean Sea such as Catalonia, the Valencian Community, the Balearic Islands, Provence, Corsica, Sicily, Malta, Sardinia, part of Naples, part of the Balkans and parts of Portugal. It was also worn by Muslim men in Majorca until the Christian conquest of the island in the Middle Ages.
History
In Catalonia and Ibiza, men wore barretinas until the 19th century, especially in rural areas. Even in the 1940s and the 1950s, children in rural areas still commonly wore it.
File:1949_photo_of_Boys_wearing_Barretinas_in_Viladrau,_Girona,_Catalunya,_Spain.jpg
It took the form of a bag, made of wool, usually red, or sometimes purple.
Today, the barretina is no longer commonly worn in everyday life, but is still used in traditional dances, or as a symbol of Catalan identity. A watercolor image dated 1885 of a seller of newspapers (private collection) is perhaps one of the most iconic Catalan images, as it portrays a weathered man standing resolute, new independent newspapers falling from his portable wooden box, a look of tolerance and endurance in his face, while all the while wearing his barretina proudly.
File:The_Newspaper_Seller,_1885_Watercolor,_artist_unknown,_Catalan_Art.jpg
Painter Salvador Dalí sometimes wore the barretina in the 20th century.[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NBARtnNIKg8 Salvador Dalí amb barretina] Some Catalan folkloric characters also wear a barretina, as: the Catalan Christmas figurine caganer, the Christmas log or tió, as well as the fictional characters Patufet, first drawn on the En Patufet magazine by {{ill|Antoni Muntanyola|ca|Antoni Muntanyola i Carné}}, and "The Catalan" drawn by {{ill|Gaietà Cornet i Palau|ca}}.Lluís Solà i Dachs, «Cu-cut! Setmanari de gresca ab ninots (1902-1912)». Ed. Bruguera. Barcelona, 1967
In popular culture
Moments before the 2010 FIFA World Cup Final between Spain and the Netherlands, pitch invader Jimmy Jump rushed onto the field and attempted to place a barretina on the World Cup trophy before being apprehended by several security guards.{{Cite web |date=2010-07-13 |title=World Cup 2010: Pitch invader fined for attempt to steal trophy |url=http://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/jul/13/world-cup-2010-pitch-invader-fined |access-date=2022-11-18 |website=the Guardian |language=en}}
See also
References
{{reflist}}
External links
{{commonscat|Barretina}}
- {{in lang|ca}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20040302190319/http://www.somiserem.org/barretina.htm Description and history of the barretina]
- {{in lang|ca}} [http://www.shambalah.com/barretines.html Graphical history of the barretina]
- {{in lang|ca}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20070519101733/http://www.barretina.com/ Barretina.com, all you need to know about barretines and Catalan culture]
- {{in lang|ca}} [http://www.eivissaweb.net/sabodega/cat/imatges.html Colla de sa Bodega (traditional Ibiza clothing and dancing)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723113125/http://www.eivissaweb.net/sabodega/cat/imatges.html |date=2011-07-23 }}.
Category:Catalan words and phrases