Bashidang

[[File:Bone spade. Bashidang site. Hunan Museum.jpg|thumb|Bone spade.

Bashidang site. ]]

Bashidang ({{zh|s={{linktext|八十垱}}|t={{linktext|八十壋}}|p=Bāshídàng}}) was the site of a Neolithic Yangtze River settlement in Lixian County, Hunan, China. Bashidang is considered to be a very late site of the Pengtoushan culture. The site is the earliest in China to feature both a wall and a ditch; the ditch was the outermost perimeter. A raised, star-shaped platform was found at the center of the settlement, possibly used for ceremonial purposes.{{cite news |title=八十垱遗址--国家级文物保护单位_图说澧县_澧县新闻网 |url=https://www.lxxww.com.cn/content/2011/09/06/6533302.html |access-date=2 May 2024 |work=www.lxxww.com.cn}}

The people at Bashidang cultivated rice, along with water caltrop and Nelumbo nucifera. Over 15,000 grains of rice were found at Bashidang, the largest find discovered in a Neolithic site in China. The size of the rice was close to the size of modern domesticated rice. Several different types of cultivated rice were found at Bashidang.

So far, Bashidang is the only site in southern China from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age to yield evidence of soybean seeds.{{sfn|Liu|2012|p=87}}